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yield

★★★
🇺🇸 /jˈild/
noun 编号: Y00142 BNC #3333 COCA #2652
yield 主要表示“产出、收益”,也可以表示“让出、屈服或发生让步”。作名词时指产量、产出或收益;作动词时既可指产生结果,也可指放弃控制权、让行或在压力下变形。
💡 记忆钩子
把 yield 想成“交出东西”:土地交出产量,所以是“产出、收益”;人在压力下交出控制权,就是“让步、投降”;车辆交出通行权,就是“让行”;材料受到足够压力后交出原来的形状,就是“发生屈服”。
📝 学习建议
  • 先掌握动词“产生、带来”和“让步、让出”以及名词“产量、收益”这几个核心义项;不要把它只记成“屈服”。
  • 看到名词 yield 时,尤其在农业、商业和金融语境中,通常应先考虑“产量或收益”,而不是“投降”。
📖 中文释义
noun
  • core 产出;产品
    📖 指生产出来的东西,重点在“交出来的产品或成果”本身,而不只是数量。
    💡 常用结构是 “the yield of + 作物、土地或资源”,也可以说 “the yield from + 来源”。这个义项偏正式,常见于农业、生产和经济说明。不要把它简单理解为所有“产品”的总称;它通常强调生产所得。
    countable uncountable
    The farm's main yield is wheat.
    这座农场的主要产出是小麦。
  • core 产量;收益
    📖 指某项活动、土地、投资或资源在一段时间内产生的数量或回报,核心是“交出了多少”。
    💡 常见搭配是 “a high/low yield” 和 “increase/improve the yield”,后面可接 “of + 产物”。农业中多译为“产量”,金融中常译为“收益率”或“回报”。
    countable uncountable
    This year's rice yield was higher than expected.
    今年的水稻产量高于预期。
    The investment offers a steady yield.
    这项投资能带来稳定的收益。
  • common 捕捞量
    📖 在渔业等资源利用语境中,指一次或一段时间捕捞、取得的数量,也就是资源交出的产量。
    💡 常见结构是 “the yield of + 鱼类或渔场” 或 “a good/poor yield”。这是专业但仍然常用的产量义,具体译法要根据语境选择“捕捞量”或“产量”。
    countable uncountable
    The lake provides a good yield of trout each year.
    这座湖每年都能提供可观的鳟鱼捕捞量。
  • common 屈服强度
    📖 在材料科学中,指材料开始发生永久变形前所能承受的应力,表示材料何时会“交出”原来的形状。
    💡 通常用于 “yield strength” 这一固定术语,也可说 “the yield of a material” 但后者较少见。它是工程和材料科学术语,不要把这里的 yield 理解成一般的“产量”。
    countable material uncountable
    Engineers tested the steel's yield strength.
    工程师测试了这种钢材的屈服强度。
  • rare 让出处理器
    📖 在计算机语境中,指一个线程主动交出处理器时间,让其他线程运行。
    💡 通常出现在 “yield the processor” 或编程接口说明中。它是计算机专业义,和动词“产生结果”不是同一用法。
    countable uncountable
  • rare 贡金;钱款
    📖 这是方言或过时用法,指应支付的钱、贡金或报酬,可看作“交出的钱款”。
    💡 主要出现在历史文本或方言材料中,现代日常英语一般不用。阅读古旧文本时不要把它误判为现代常见的“产量”。
    countable dialectal obsolete uncountable
yields plural
verb
  • core 产生;带来
    📖 指某种方法、行动或条件交出一个结果、产品或收益,即“产生、带来”。
    💡 常见结构是 “yield + 结果” 或 “yield + better/higher/lower + 名词”。它比普通的“做出”更强调某种方法或条件最终带来的产出。不要在需要表示主动制造动作时机械替换 “make”。
    The new method yielded better results.
    这种新方法带来了更好的结果。
    The trees yield fruit in late summer.
    这些树在夏末结果。
  • rare 给予;交付
    📖 这是过时用法,表示给予或交付某物,可以看作“把某物交出来”的早期用法。
    💡 现代英语中通常不用来表示一般的“给予”,只可能在古旧文本或固定仿古表达中出现。阅读旧文献时要根据上下文译为“给”或“赐予”。
    obsolete
  • core 让步;投降
    📖 指人在争执、冲突或压力下交出立场或控制权,也就是让步、屈服或投降。
    💡 常见结构是 “yield to + 对象”,表示向某人、压力或要求让步;也可说 “yield the fight/position”。它比普通的“同意”更强调原本抵抗后不得不退让。
    intransitive transitive
    After hours of debate, she finally yielded to the committee's demands.
    经过数小时的辩论,她最终向委员会的要求让步了。
    The soldiers refused to yield to the enemy.
    士兵们拒绝向敌人投降。
  • common 让行
    📖 在交通语境中,指把先行权交给其他车辆或行人。
    💡 常见结构是 “yield to + 车辆或行人”,以及祈使句 “Yield the right of way to pedestrians”。美国英语道路标志上常直接写 “Yield”,相当于“让行”。
    US especially intransitive transitive
    Drivers must yield to pedestrians at the crossing.
    车辆在路口必须礼让行人。
  • common 松动;被压弯
    📖 指物体在外力作用下不再保持原状,开始移动、弯曲或让开,像是把原来的抵抗交了出去。
    💡 通常作不及物动词,主语是门、材料或其他物体,常见结构是 “yield under/to + 压力或力量”。这里不表示“产生”,也不一定表示彻底断裂,只表示开始让开或变形。
    intransitive
    The old gate finally yielded under the force of the wind.
    那扇旧门最终在风力作用下松动了。
  • common 发生屈服
    📖 在材料科学中,指材料受到的应力达到屈服点后开始产生永久变形。
    💡 常见结构是 “the material yields under + 应力或负荷”,也常与 “yield strength” 放在同一技术语境中。它是专业用法,翻译时通常用“屈服”或“发生塑性变形”,不要译成“产出”。
    The beam yielded under the excessive load.
    这根梁在过大的负荷下发生了屈服。
  • rare 承认;服从
    📖 这是少见的旧式用法,指承认对方有理或服从某个判断,同样含有“交出自己的坚持”的意思。
    💡 主要见于古典或文学语体,现代对话中通常改用“承认”“服从”或“让步”。不要把这种用法当作日常表达来主动使用。
    rare
yields present,singular,third-person yielding participle,present yielded past yold obsolete,past yielded participle,past yold obsolete,participle,past yolden obsolete,participle,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 17 组
end resistance, as under pressure or force
同义词集: give way yield
The door yielded to repeated blows with a battering ram
上位: change
consent reluctantly
同义词集: yield give in succumb knuckle under buckle under
上位: accept, consent, go for 下位: accede, bow, defer, give in, submit
be willing to concede
同义词集: concede yield grant
I grant you this much
上位: agree, concord, concur, hold 下位: forgive
production of a certain amount
同义词集: output yield
上位: production 下位: crop, harvest
cease opposition; stop fighting
同义词集: yield
下位: fall, give up, surrender
be flexible under stress of physical force
同义词集: give yield
This material doesn't give
上位: stretch 参见: buckle under, give in, knuckle under, succumb
give or supply; ;
同义词集: render yield return give generate
The cow brings in 5 liters of milk
This year's crop yielded 1,000 bushels of corn
The estate renders some revenue for the family
上位: create, make, produce
cause to happen or be responsible for
同义词集: give yield
His two singles gave the team the victory
上位: create, make
move in order to make room for someone for something;
同义词集: move over give way give ease up yield
The park gave way to a supermarket
`Move over,' he told the crowd
上位: move
bring in;
同义词集: yield pay bear
interest-bearing accounts
How much does this savings certificate pay annually?
上位: bring in, clear, earn, gain, make, pull in, realise, realize, take in 下位: clear, net
give over; surrender or relinquish to the physical control of another
同义词集: concede yield cede grant
上位: give
be the cause or source of;
同义词集: yield give afford
He gave me a lot of trouble
Our meeting afforded much interesting information
上位: furnish, provide, render, supply 下位: allow, allow for, leave, open, open up, provide
be fatally overwhelmed
同义词集: succumb yield
反义: come through, make it, pull round, pull through, survive 上位: buy the farm, cash in one's chips, choke, conk, croak, decease, die, drop dead, exit, expire, give-up the ghost, go, kick the bucket, pass, pass away, perish, pop off, snuff it
give in, as to influence or pressure
同义词集: yield relent soften
反义: remain firm, stand
an amount of a product
同义词集: yield fruit
上位: product, production
the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property
同义词集: return issue take takings proceeds yield payoff
the average return was about 5%
上位: income 下位: economic rent, payback, rent
the quantity of something (as a commodity) that is created (usually within a given period of time)
同义词集: output yield production
production was up in the second quarter
下位: pick, picking
🌳 词源
词源与“支付、交出”有关,因此后来发展出“产出收益”和“让出、屈服”等相关意义。
From Middle English yielden, yelden, ȝelden (“to yield, pay”), from Old English ġieldan (“to pay”), from Proto-West Germanic *geldan (“to pay”), from Proto-Germanic *geldaną (“to pay”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeldʰ- (“to pay”). Doublet of geld. The noun is from Middle English ȝeld (“tax, payment”), from Old English ġield (“payment”), from Proto-West Germanic *geld (“payment”), from Proto-Germanic *geldą (“reward, gift, money”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeldʰ- (“to pay”). Cognates Cognate with Scots yield (“to yield”), North Frisian jilden (“to pay”), Saterland Frisian jäilde (“to be valid, matter, count, be worth”), West Frisian jilde (“to pay”), Low German gellen, Dutch gelden (“to apply, count, be valued, be regarded”), gelden (“to apply, count, be valued, be regarded”), German gelten (“to apply, count, be valued, be regarded”), Danish gælde (“to apply, count, be valued, be regarded”), Icelandic gjalda (“to pay, yield, give”), Norwegian Bokmål gjelde (“to apply, count, be valued, be regarded”), Norwegian Nynorsk gjelde, gjelda (“to apply, count, be valued, be regarded”), Swedish gälda (“to pay”), gälla (“to apply, be regarded”). The noun is cognate with West Frisian jild (“money”), Dutch geld (“money”), Low German and German Geld (“money”), Danish gæld (“debt”), Faroese and Icelandic gjald (“fee, payment”), Norn gild (“payment”), Norwegian gjeld (“debt”), and Swedish gäld (“debt”). See also geld.
🔄 变式
yielded past yielding present yields plural yold obsolete yolden obsolete
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