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wrestle
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🇺🇸 /ɹˈɛsʌl/
🇬🇧 /ˈɹɛsl̩/
wrestle 主要表示“扭打、摔跤”,也可引申为与困难、对手或问题艰难抗争、费力处理。
💡 记忆钩子
把它想成两个人紧紧扭在一起、互相用力:身体上的扭打是“摔跤”,人与人或双方之间的竞争是“较量”,把困难的问题搬动、解决,也像是在和它“较劲”。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握动词的具体用法“摔跤、扭打”,再学习引申义“艰难处理或抗争”。
- 不要把它只理解成正式比赛中的“摔跤”;在比喻用法中,它常表示处理困难问题时付出了很大力气。
📖 中文释义
noun
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core 摔跤;扭打📖 指两个人用身体互相抱住、推压,试图把对方摔倒,通常是体育比赛或徒手搏斗。💡 常见结构是“a wrestle between A and B”或“have a wrestle with someone”,表示一次具体的扭打。说体育项目时不要把它和不可数名词“wrestling”混用;“wrestle”通常指一场、一次或具体行为。它也可以指非正式的徒手搏斗,不一定是正规比赛。countable uncountableThe two boys had a brief wrestle on the grass.两个男孩在草地上短暂地扭打了一会儿。
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common 较量;斗争📖 指个人、团体或不同力量之间为了取胜或达成目标而进行的竞争和抗争,不一定涉及身体接触。💡 常见结构是“a wrestle between A and B”或“a wrestle for power”,表示双方之间的较量。这个比喻义带有较强的书面色彩,日常表达通常选用“struggle”“contest”或“competition”。不要把它理解成普通的意见不同;它强调持续用力和相互对抗。countable figuratively uncountableThe election became a long wrestle for control of the council.这场选举变成了一场争夺委员会控制权的长期较量。
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rare 抗争;争斗过程📖 泛指进行抗争或艰难斗争这一行动本身,是“较量”这一核心概念的更抽象说法。also figuratively uncountable
wrestles
plural
verb
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core 参加摔跤;进行扭打📖 指参加摔跤比赛或进行具体的徒手扭打,是身体上的“紧紧扭在一起、互相用力”。💡 参加比赛时常用“wrestle in a match”或“wrestle someone”,后者强调与某人比赛或扭打。它既可用于正式体育比赛,也可用于描述短暂的徒手打斗。不要把“wrestle”误当成只表示“观看摔跤”。transitiveShe wrestled in the final match and won by one point.她参加了决赛,并以一分之差获胜。
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common 把某人摔倒;强行弄到某处📖 指通过抱、拉、推等身体用力,把某人摔倒,或把对方弄进、弄出某个位置。💡 常见结构是“wrestle someone down”以及“wrestle someone into/out of a place”。动词后通常直接接人,方向或结果用“down”“into”“out of”等词补充。不要只用它表示轻松地移动;它暗示对象有抵抗,或移动过程很费力。transitiveThe guard wrestled the attacker to the ground.保安把袭击者摔倒在地。
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common 费力搬动;摆弄📖 指用很大力气、经过一番困难,才把某件东西移动、调整或弄到合适的位置。💡 常见结构是“wrestle something into/out of/through a place”。宾语通常是笨重、难控制或卡住的物体,方向词说明最终位置。不要把它用于普通的“拿起”或“移动”,否则会夸大动作的困难程度。transitiveWe wrestled the sofa through the narrow doorway.我们费了很大劲才把沙发弄过狭窄的门口。
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common 与……较量;努力应对📖 指投入力量参加一场竞争或斗争,也可指在比喻意义上努力应对某个难题。它把解决问题想象成和对手扭在一起、互相抗衡。💡 常见结构是“wrestle with/against a problem, challenge, or opponent”。“wrestle with”尤其常用于表示认真而艰难地思考或处理问题,不一定真的发生争斗。它比普通的“deal with”更强调阻力、反复和费力。figuratively transitiveThe team is wrestling with a difficult decision.这个团队正在艰难地权衡一个决定。
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rare 摔倒牲畜以便打标记📖 在美国西部语境中,指把小牛等牲畜摔倒,以便给它打烙印或做标记。US Western transitive
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core 摔跤;扭打📖 指与对手进行身体上的扭打,试图把对方摔倒或压制住,通常用于体育或徒手搏斗。💡 常见结构是“wrestle with someone”或单独使用“wrestle”,表示和某人摔跤。这里的“with”引出对手,不要把它和表示处理问题的“wrestle with a problem”混淆,后者是比喻用法。动作可发生在比赛中,也可发生在非正式冲突中。intransitiveThe two athletes wrestled for nearly five minutes.两名运动员摔跤摔了将近五分钟。
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common 费力搬弄📖 指费力地搬动、调整或控制某件有阻力的东西,重点在于与物体较劲的过程。💡 常见结构是“wrestle with something”,宾语通常是沉重、笨拙或难以控制的物体。与及物结构相比,这种用法不直接说明结果,重点是处理过程本身。不要把“with”后的物体理解成争论对象,它也可以是真实的物品。intransitiveHe wrestled with the stuck window until it opened.他费力地摆弄那扇卡住的窗户,直到把它打开。
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common 艰难前进📖 指在风雨、拥挤或其他阻力中艰难地移动或前进,好像一路都在和阻力扭打。💡 常见结构是“wrestle through/along/across something”,方向或路径通常用介词短语表示。这个用法多用于叙述实际移动,也可带有夸张的比喻色彩。不要只把它译成“走”;它突出前进很困难。figuratively intransitiveWe wrestled through the crowd to reach the exit.我们费力穿过人群,走到了出口。
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common 与……抗争;努力争取📖 指为了抵抗某种力量、困难或处境而持续努力,强调不轻易放弃的抗争过程。💡 常见结构是“wrestle with/against something”。“with”常接问题、情绪或处境,“against”更突出对抗某种力量或威胁。这个比喻用法在新闻、评论和正式写作中较常见,口语中可用“struggle with”替换。figuratively intransitiveMany families wrestle with rising living costs.许多家庭正在努力应对不断上涨的生活成本。
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rare 争辩;争论📖 指通过语言与别人争辩或辩论,是把身体上的对抗转到观点和言语上。archaic figuratively intransitive
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rare 扭动;挣扎📖 指身体扭转、蜷曲或挣扎着动,是“扭转”这一早期核心概念的直接延伸。archaic figuratively intransitive
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rare 费力处理📖 指专心而费力地处理一项任务或问题,接近“与它较劲”的比喻用法。archaic figuratively intransitive
wrestles
present,singular,third-person
wrestling
participle,present
wrestled
participle,past
wrestled
past
wrestle
first-person,present,singular
wrestled
first-person,past,singular
wrestle
present,second-person,singular
wrestlest
archaic,present,second-person,singular
wrestled
past,second-person,singular
wrestledst
archaic,past,second-person,singular
wrestleth
archaic,present,singular,third-person
wrestled
past,singular,third-person
wrestle
plural,present
wrestled
past,plural
wrestle
present,subjunctive
wrestled
past,subjunctive
wrestle
imperative,present
-
imperative,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 5 组
the act of engaging in close hand-to-hand combat;
同义词集:
wrestle
wrestling
grapple
grappling
hand-to-hand struggle
they had a fierce wrestle
we watched his grappling and wrestling with the bully
上位: struggle
engage in deep thought, consideration, or debate
同义词集:
wrestle
I wrestled with this decision for years
上位: consider, debate, deliberate, moot, turn over
combat to overcome an opposing tendency or force
同义词集:
wrestle
He wrestled all his life with his feeling of inferiority
上位: battle, combat
engage in a wrestling match
同义词集:
wrestle
The children wrestled in the garden
上位: contend, fight, struggle
to move in a twisting or contorted motion, (especially when struggling);
同义词集:
writhe
wrestle
wriggle
worm
squirm
twist
The prisoner writhed in discomfort
The child tried to wriggle free from his aunt's embrace
上位: move
下位: wrench
🌳 词源
源自古英语,最初与“扭转、拧动”有关,后来发展出“摔跤、抗争”等含义;名词由动词转化而来。
The verb is derived from Middle English wrestlen, wrastlen (“to engage in grappling combat or sport, struggle, wrestle; to twist and turn, squirm, wriggle, writhe; (figurative) to contend, grapple with, struggle”), from Old English wrǣstlian (“to wrestle”), a frequentative form of wrǣstan (“to twist, wrest”), from Proto-Germanic *wraistijaną (“to turn; to twist, wrest”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wreyt- (“to twist”). By surface analysis, wrest + -le (frequentative suffix). Probably related to wraxle (UK, dialectal, archaic).
The noun is derived from the verb.
cognates
* Middle Dutch worstelen, wrastelen (“to wrestle”) (modern Dutch worstelen)
* Middle Low German wrostelen (“to wrestle”) (German Low German frösseln, wrösseln)
* Saterland Frisian wrosselje (“to contend, wrestle”)
* West Frisian wrakselje (“to wrestle”)
🔄 变式
-
imperat
wrestled
1st_sg
wrestledst
archaic
wrestles
plural
wrestlest
archaic
wrestleth
archaic
wrestling
present
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