wound

wound 主要表示身体被割、刺或撕裂后留下的伤口，也可比喻对感情、名誉或自尊造成的伤害；作动词时表示使人受伤或伤害某人的感情。

💡 记忆钩子

把 wound 想成一道“裂口”：先是皮肤上的裂口，即伤口；裂口也可以延伸到人的内心、名誉或自尊，成为精神上的创伤；作动词就是“把这道口子造成”。

📝 学习建议

名词和动词拼写相同，但读音不同，学习时不要把它们当作同一个读音。
先掌握身体伤口和“伤害感情”这两个核心义项；法律语境中的专业义项可在阅读中顺带识别。

📖 中文释义

noun

core 身体伤口

📖 指皮肤或身体外部被割、刺、撕裂等造成的伤口，是 wound 最直接、最常见的意思。

💡 常用模式是“a wound on/in + 身体部位”或“a head/leg wound”，也可以说“treat/clean a wound”。它通常指较明确的外伤，不只是短暂的疼痛或轻微不适。说明伤势时，英语常用 wound 和具体部位搭配，而不是单独使用。

The nurse cleaned the wound on his arm.

护士清洗了他手臂上的伤口。

She was taken to hospital with a deep wound in her leg.

她腿上有一道很深的伤口，被送往医院。
core 精神上的创伤

📖 比喻某件侮辱、拒绝或失败在人的感情、自尊、名誉或前途上留下的伤害，就像在内心留下了一道伤口。

💡 常见模式是“a wound to + 感情或名誉”以及“the wound of + 事件”，也可说“heal/close an emotional wound”。这种用法通常带有比喻色彩，适合谈长期影响或难以忘记的伤害。不要只把它理解成当下的生气，重点是留下了较深的心理影响。

figuratively

The rejection left a deep wound to his confidence.

这次拒绝深深打击了他的自信。

Years later, she was still trying to heal the wound of that betrayal.

多年以后，她仍在努力治愈那次背叛留下的创伤。
rare 法律上的伤害

📖 在刑法或法律文本中，指造成皮肤破裂或身体组织连续性中断的伤害；本质上仍是身体上的“裂口”，只是强调法律认定。

💡 常见于法律文件、案件报道或专业讨论，通常与造成、构成或证明伤害的表达连用。日常对话中一般直接使用表示普通伤口的义项。不要把它当作另一个完全不同的身体部位名称。

wounds plural

verb

core 使身体受伤

📖 指通过割、刺或撕裂皮肤使某人受伤，也就是把身体上的“裂口”造成出来。

💡 常用模式是“wound + 人”或“be wounded by + 造成伤害的事物”，后面通常要有受伤者。它多用于新闻、叙述或较正式的表达，日常口语中也可根据情境使用。不要把它当作不及物动词使用；不能只说某人 wound 而不说明伤了谁或什么。

transitive

The broken glass wounded him in the hand.

碎玻璃割伤了他的手。

Two passengers were wounded in the accident.

两名乘客在事故中受了伤。
core 伤害感情或自尊

📖 比喻让某人的感情、自尊或信心出现一道难以忽略的“裂口”，即使没有身体伤口，也能造成深刻伤害。

💡 常用结构是“wound + someone’s pride/feelings/confidence”，也可以用被动结构表示某人受到伤害。这个义项通常比一般的“让人不高兴”更重，强调话语或行为造成了持久影响。不要把受伤的人直接当作宾语后再重复表示感情的成分；根据上下文选择“wound someone”或“wound someone’s pride”等结构。

transitive

His careless remark wounded her pride.

他漫不经心的话伤害了她的自尊。

The criticism wounded him more than he admitted.

这番批评对他的伤害比他承认的更深。

wounds present,singular,third-person wounding participle,present wounded participle,past wounded past wound first-person,present,singular wounded first-person,past,singular wound present,second-person,singular woundest archaic,present,second-person,singular wounded past,second-person,singular woundedst archaic,past,second-person,singular woundeth archaic,present,singular,third-person wounded past,singular,third-person wound plural,present wounded past,plural wound present,subjunctive wounded past,subjunctive wound imperative,present - imperative,past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 7 组

cause injuries or bodily harm to

同义词集: injure wound

上位: hurt 下位: break, bruise, contuse, disable, excruciate, fracture, graze, handicap, harm, hit, incapacitate, invalid, knife, overstretch, pip, pull, rick, scrape, shock, shoot, skin, sprain, stab, torment, torture, trample, traumatise, traumatize, turn, twist, wrench, wrick

the act of inflicting a wound

同义词集: wound wounding

上位: damage, harm, hurt, scathe

hurt the feelings of;

同义词集: hurt wound injure bruise offend spite

She hurt me when she did not include me among her guests

This remark really bruised my ego

上位: arouse, elicit, enkindle, evoke, fire, kindle, provoke, raise 下位: abase, affront, chagrin, diss, humble, humiliate, insult, mortify, sting

put in a coil

同义词集: wound

近似: coiled

a casualty to military personnel resulting from combat

同义词集: wound injury combat injury

上位: loss, personnel casualty

a figurative injury (to your feelings or pride); ; ; --Robert Frost

同义词集: wound

he feared that mentioning it might reopen the wound

deep in her breast lives the silent wound

The right reader of a good poem can tell the moment it strikes him that he has taken an immortal wound--that he will never get over it

上位: distress, hurt, suffering

an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)

同义词集: wound lesion

上位: harm, hurt, injury, trauma 下位: abrasion, bite, cut, excoriation, gash, scrape, scratch, slash, slice

🌳 词源

名词和动词都源自古英语及更早的日耳曼语词根，核心概念都与“伤口、受伤”有关。

Noun from Middle English wund, from Old English wund, from Proto-West Germanic *wundu, from Proto-Germanic *wundō (“wound”), from Proto-Indo-European *wen- (“to strive, toil, win”). Cognates Cognate with Saterland Frisian Wuunde (“wound”), Cimbrian bunta (“wound”), Dutch wond, wonde (“wound”), German Wunde (“wonde”), Luxembourgish Wonn (“wound”), Yiddish וווּנד (vund, “wound”), Icelandic und (“wound”), Gothic *𐍅𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰 (*wunda, “wound”) (whence 𐍅𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌿𐍆𐌽𐌹 (wundufni, “disease, plague”)); also Old Armenian վանդեմ (vandem, “to destroy; to catch a disease”). Verb from Middle English wunden, from Old English wundian, from Proto-Germanic *wundōną (“to wound”). Cognates Cognate with Cimbrian buntan (“to wound”), Dutch wonden (“to wound”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌿𐌽𐌳𐍉𐌽 (gawundōn, “to wound”).

🔄 变式

- imperat wounded 1st_sg woundedst archaic woundest archaic woundeth archaic wounding present wounds plural

🏷 单词标签 & 词根