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withdrawal
★★★
🇺🇸 /wɪðdɹˈɔʌl/
🇬🇧 /wɪðˈdɹɔː(ə)l/
withdrawal 主要表示“收回、取出或退出”这一动作或状态,常见于从银行取钱、停止依赖某种物质以及退出某种活动等语境。
💡 记忆钩子
把一个东西从原来的位置“拉回来”或“拉出来”:钱从账户里取出来,是 withdrawal;人或组织退出,是 withdrawal;身体突然失去依赖的物质而产生反应,也是 withdrawal;性交时抽出阴茎,则是同一个“抽出”画面。
📝 学习建议
- 先把 withdrawal 和银行取钱、退出这条主线记熟,再扩展到戒断反应和避孕方式。
- 不要把它只理解成“撤退”;在金融语境中通常指取款或收回已交给他人保管的东西,在医学语境中则指停用依赖物质后的戒断。
📖 中文释义
noun
-
common 收回托管物📖 指把先前交给别人保管或控制的东西取回来,最常见的是从金融机构或账户中取回钱。重点是“原本交在那里,现在拿回来”。💡 常见结构是 “withdrawal of + 钱或资产” 或 “withdrawal from + 账户”,也可说 “make a withdrawal”。这个义项既可指取钱这一行为,也可指多次或一般性的取回行为。不要误解为别人主动把钱退给你;这里强调的是你把自己的钱取出。countable uncountableThe bank requires identification for a large withdrawal.银行要求大额取款时出示身份证件。
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common 体外射精避孕法📖 指性交时在射精前抽出阴茎,以避免精液进入阴道的一种避孕方式;它仍然围绕“及时抽出”这一核心动作。💡 常见结构是 “use withdrawal as a method of birth control” 或 “the withdrawal method”。在医学和健康教育语境中,这个说法较准确;日常英语中也可能用更口语的名称。不要把 withdrawal method 理解成完全可靠的避孕方法;这里只说明其操作方式,不评价效果。countable uncountableThey discussed whether the withdrawal method was suitable for them.他们讨论了体外射精避孕法是否适合自己。
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core 戒断反应📖 指身体已经依赖某种药物或其他物质后,突然停止摄入而出现的一组不适反应;可以把它想成身体被迫“失去”原来依赖的东西。💡 常见结构是 “withdrawal from + 物质” 或 “[物质] withdrawal”,如 “heroin withdrawal”;也常说 “withdrawal symptoms”。这个义项多用于医学、心理健康和成瘾治疗语境,可数时通常指一次或一段戒断过程。不要把它泛泛理解成“退出某项活动”后的难受;这里特指因停止依赖物质而产生的身体或心理反应。countable uncountableThe clinic helped him manage withdrawal from prescription painkillers.诊所帮助他应对停止使用处方止痛药后的戒断反应。
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core 退出或撤回📖 泛指退出某项服务、活动或位置,或处于不再参与其中的状态;它是“把自己从原处拉开”这一核心概念最宽的用法。💡 常见结构是 “withdrawal from + 服务、活动、组织或职位”,也可说 “withdrawal of + 提议、部队或支持”。在正式新闻、政治、军事和机构语境中尤其常见,通常比简单的“离开”更强调主动撤回或停止参与。不要把它只用于人;计划、支持和提议等也可以被 withdrawal。countable uncountableThe company announced its withdrawal from the local market.这家公司宣布退出当地市场。
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core 取款金额📖 指从银行账户中取出的那笔钱,而不只是“取钱”这个动作;也就是被从账户里拉出来的金额。💡 常见结构是 “a withdrawal of + 金额” 或 “the withdrawal amount”,银行账单中也常把它和存款记录并列。这个义项通常指一笔具体款项,所以可数形式很自然;不可数形式则可表示取款这一活动。不要把 withdrawal 误当成手续费;手续费是取款过程中可能另收的费用。countable uncountableI noticed a cash withdrawal of two hundred dollars on my statement.我在账单上看到了一笔两百美元的现金取款记录。
withdrawals
plural
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 9 组
the act of withdrawing
同义词集:
withdrawal
the withdrawal of French troops from Vietnam
上位: departure, going, going away, leaving
下位: abandonment, defection, desertion, evacuation, receding, recession, retirement, retreat
the termination of drug taking
同义词集:
withdrawal
drug withdrawal
上位: conclusion, ending, termination
formal separation from an alliance or federation
同义词集:
secession
withdrawal
上位: separation
下位: breakaway, breaking away
a method of birth control in which coitus is initiated but the penis is deliberately withdrawn before ejaculation
同义词集:
coitus interruptus
withdrawal method
withdrawal
pulling out
onanism
the act of ceasing to participate in an activity
同义词集:
withdrawal
上位: separation
the act of taking out money or other capital
同义词集:
withdrawal
上位: remotion, removal
the act of withdrawing blood, tumors, etc.
同义词集:
withdrawal
the nurse was expert at the withdrawal of blood
上位: remotion, removal
a retraction of a previously held position
同义词集:
withdrawal
backdown
climb-down
上位: abjuration, recantation, retraction
avoiding emotional involvement
同义词集:
withdrawal
detachment
上位: indifference
🌳 词源
由 withdraw 加后缀 -al 构成,核心仍是“收回、抽出或退出”。
English withdraw
Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-
Proto-Indo-European *-is
Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?
Proto-Italic *-ālis
Latin -ālisbor.
Old French -albor.
▲
Latin -ālis
Old French -elbor.
▲
Latin -ālisbor.
Middle English -al
English -al
English withdrawal
From withdraw + -al.
🔄 变式
withdrawals
plural
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