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withdraw

★★★★

🇺🇸 /wɪðdɹˈɔ/ 🇬🇧 /wɪθˈdɹɔː/

noun 编号: W01270 牛津3000 BNC #1920 COCA #2786

withdraw 的核心意思是“抽回、撤走”：既可以把东西、钱或说法收回，也可以离开某处、退出活动或停止参与。

💡 记忆钩子

把手从原处往回拉，就是 withdraw：把物品、许可、言论或钱“抽回来”，人也可以从场所、活动或人群中“退出来”。

📝 学习建议

先掌握“撤回/取出”和“退出/离开”两条主线，再记金融和戒断等专门用法。
不要把 withdraw 只理解成“取钱”；在日常英语中，withdraw from 还常表示退出活动、离开人群或停止参与。

📖 中文释义

noun

rare 撤回；撤走

📖 指把某物或某人从原处撤回、移走的行为；这是 withdraw 的过时名词用法。

obsolete
rare 撤回诉讼

📖 历史法律用语，指原告带着不利后果撤回诉讼。

obsolete

withdraws plural

verb

common 抽回；拉回

📖 把某物从原来的位置或情境中向后拉回，突出“往回抽”的动作。

💡 常用句型为 withdraw + 物品，或 withdraw + 物品 + from + 原处。这个具体动作义比喻义更少见，描述身体动作时也可用 pull back。不要把它和表示“画画”的 draw 混淆。

transitive

She quickly withdrew her hand from the hot pan.

她迅速把手从热锅旁缩了回来。

The doctor withdrew the needle carefully.

医生小心地把针拔了出来。
rare 撤回；收回

📖 与核心的“向后拉回”相同，但这种具体撤回义带有古旧色彩，现代英语通常用其他更直接的表达。

💡 现代写作中一般不用这一古旧义来描述普通的移开动作。阅读旧文学时可根据宾语理解为“拉开或移走”，不要主动照搬。

archaic transitive
core 收回；撤销

📖 把已经给出、允许或提供的东西重新拿回来，也就是把它从对方那里“抽回”。可用于许可、提议、支持、服务等。

💡 常用句型为 withdraw + 提议/许可/支持，或 withdraw + 事物 + from + 某处。它通常表示正式收回，而不是临时暂停；收回言论则更常用 withdraw a remark 或 withdraw a statement。

transitive

The company withdrew its offer after the negotiations failed.

谈判失败后，公司撤回了报价。

The museum withdrew the painting from the exhibition.

博物馆把那幅画从展览中撤了下来。
common 帮助戒除；使戒断

📖 帮助某人停止使用会成瘾的药物或物质，也可说让人完成戒断。

💡 常用句型为 withdraw someone from + 药物/物质，或 withdraw someone from treatment；医疗语境中也常用 detox。不要把这个及物义和“某人正在经历戒断”的不及物义混为一谈。

transitive

The clinic helped him withdraw from sleeping pills safely.

诊所帮助他安全地戒掉了安眠药。
common 移开目光

📖 把目光从某人或某物那里收回来，即转开视线。

💡 常用句型为 withdraw one's eyes/gaze from + 对象，也可直接说 withdraw one's gaze。日常会话中 look away 更自然；withdraw 在这里较书面。

transitive

He withdrew his gaze from the photograph.

他把目光从那张照片上移开了。
rare 不计入；排除

📖 把某人或某物从某个类别、名单或判断范围中抽出来，不把它算作其中一部分。

💡 通常用 withdraw + 对象，或 with one exception withdrawn 一类的正式结构。这个比喻义较少见，现代英语通常用 exclude、except 或 leave out。

figuratively transitive
common 撤下议题

📖 把一个话题从讨论、审查或调查中拿走，使它不再继续处理。

💡 常用句型为 withdraw + topic/question/motion from + discussion/consideration。这个用法偏正式，withdraw 不表示“改变话题”，而是表示正式把话题撤下。

figuratively transitive

The committee withdrew the proposal from further discussion.

委员会撤下了这项提案，不再继续讨论。
common 停止；退出

📖 停止一项正在进行的行动、程序或计划，相当于把自己或行动从原路线上拉回来。

💡 常用句型为 withdraw + objection/support/application，或 withdraw from + 竞赛/活动。withdraw an objection 表示撤回反对意见，不是“反对得更强烈”。

figuratively transitive

She withdrew her application before the interview.

她在面试前撤回了申请。
core 收回言论

📖 把已经说出或写下的评论、指控等收回来，表示不再坚持或承认不应这样说。

💡 常用句型为 withdraw + remark/claim/allegation/apology，也可说 withdraw what one said。它是正式表达；日常道歉时常用 take back what I said。

figuratively transitive

The reporter withdrew the accusation after checking the facts.

核实事实后，记者收回了这项指控。

I withdraw my earlier comment.

我收回先前的评论。
rare 使分心；使偏离

📖 把某人从原本的行动路线或目标上拉开，使其分心或转移方向；这是古旧用法。

💡 现代英语通常用 distract、divert 或 deter 表达这一意思。看到 withdraw 时，优先判断它是否是“撤回”或“退出”，不要轻易选这个历史义。

archaic obsolete transitive
core 取款；提取

📖 从银行账户、存款或其他金融账户中把钱取出来，即把钱从账户里“抽回”到手中。

💡 常用句型为 withdraw money/cash from + 账户或银行，也可说 withdraw + 金额。不要说 withdraw money out of；from 已经表示取出的来源。

transitive

I withdrew some cash from the ATM.

我从自动取款机取了一些现金。

She withdrew $200 from her savings account.

她从储蓄账户里取出了200美元。
core 撤离；离开

📖 人或部队从某个地方、某人的身边或某种局面中退开，回到别处；这里是“自己抽身离开”。

💡 常用句型为 withdraw from + 地点/人群/局面；过去式是 withdrew，过去分词是 withdrawn。它比 leave 更正式，军事、外交和正式报道中尤其常见。

intransitive

The soldiers withdrew from the village before sunset.

士兵们在日落前撤出了村庄。

He withdrew from the room without saying goodbye.

他没有道别就离开了房间。
common 撤退

📖 特指军队、政府人员或其他正式力量从某地或某种对抗局面中撤出，是“离开”义在军事和政治场景中的用法。

💡 常用句型为 withdraw from + 国家/地区/战场，主语通常是军队、部队或政府。新闻中常用 withdraw troops from + 地点；不要漏掉 from 或把它误解为普通的短暂离开。

intransitive specifically

The army withdrew from the border region.

军队撤出了边境地区。
core 退出；不再参与

📖 主动从活动、组织、公众视野或他人的陪伴中退出来，不再继续参与或出现。

💡 常用句型为 withdraw from + 比赛/课程/组织/社交活动。它比 quit 更正式，也可以表示暂时离开公众视野；withdraw from the company 可能指离开同伴，不一定是辞职。

intransitive

The athlete withdrew from the competition because of an injury.

这名运动员因伤退出了比赛。
common 变得孤僻；走神

📖 不再和周围的人交谈或互动，把注意力收回到自己的想法中，表现得沉默而与外界疏离。

💡 常用句型为 withdraw into oneself，或 withdraw from social interaction。这里通常描述人的状态变化，不要只译成身体上的“离开”；若表示暂时走神，daydream 或 zone out 可能更自然。

intransitive

After the argument, he withdrew into himself.

争吵后，他变得封闭起来。
common 经历戒断

📖 停止服用成瘾物质并经历戒断过程；重点是主体自己停止使用，而不是帮助别人戒除。

💡 常用句型为 withdraw from + 药物/物质，也可说 be withdrawing。医疗语境中 withdrawal 通常指戒断症状或戒断过程；不要把它和从账户取钱的意思混淆。

intransitive

He was withdrawing from opioids under medical supervision.

他正在医疗监护下戒断阿片类药物。
rare 性交中断时抽出

📖 男性在射精前将阴茎从伴侣体内抽出，以进行性交中断；这是性健康语境中的成人用法。

💡 通常出现在 withdraw before ejaculation 这一类正式或临床描述中。该义只适用于特定性行为语境，不要在普通“撤回、离开”语境中这样理解。

intransitive

withdraws present,singular,third-person withdrawing participle,present withdrew past withdrawn participle,past withdraw first-person,present,singular withdrew first-person,past,singular withdraw present,second-person,singular withdrawest archaic,present,second-person,singular withdrew past,second-person,singular withdrewst archaic,past,second-person,singular withdraweth archaic,present,singular,third-person withdrew past,singular,third-person withdraw plural,present withdrew past,plural withdraw present,subjunctive withdrew past,subjunctive withdraw imperative,present - imperative,past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 12 组

remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract; ; ; ;

同义词集: remove take take away withdraw

remove a threat

remove a wrapper

Remove the dirty dishes from the table

take the gun from your pocket

This machine withdraws heat from the environment

下位: bail, bone, brush, bur, burr, cancel, cast, cast off, clean, clear, clear up, cream, cream off, crumb, cut into, debone, defuse, delete, delve, descale, detusk, dig, discharge, disembowel, disinvest, dislodge, dismantle, divest, draw, draw off, draw out, dredge, drop, eliminate, empty, eviscerate, excavate, extract, fan, flick, free, get out, gut, harvest, head, hollow, hull, husk, lade, laden, ladle, leach, lift, lift out, muck, pick, pit, pull, pull out, pull up, rip out, scale, scalp, scavenge, scoop, scoop out, scoop up, seed, shake off, shed, shell, skim, skim off, spoon, stem, stone, string, strip, take out, take up, tear out, throw, throw away, throw off, tip, turn over, tusk, undress, unpack, unveil, wash, wash away, wash off, wash out, weed, winnow 参见: deduct, subtract, take off

keep away from others

同义词集: seclude sequester sequestrate withdraw

He sequestered himself in his study to write a book

上位: insulate, isolate 下位: lose

take back what one has said

同义词集: swallow take back unsay withdraw

He swallowed his words

上位: disown, renounce, repudiate

make a retreat from an earlier commitment or activity; ;

同义词集: retreat pull back back out back away crawfish crawfish out pull in one's horns withdraw

We'll have to crawfish out from meeting with him

He backed out of his earlier promise

The aggressive investment company pulled in its horns

release from something that holds fast, connects, or entangles;

同义词集: disengage withdraw

I want to disengage myself from his influence

disengage the gears

反义: engage, lock, mesh, operate 上位: let go, let go of, release, relinquish 下位: unlock

lose interest

同义词集: retire withdraw

he retired from life when his wife died

上位: fatigue, jade, pall, tire, weary

pull back or move away or backward;

同义词集: withdraw retreat pull away draw back recede pull back retire move back

The enemy withdrew

The limo pulled away from the curb

反义: advance, go on, march on, move on, pass on, progress 上位: go, locomote, move, travel 下位: retreat, retrograde

remove (a commodity) from (a supply source);

同义词集: withdraw draw take out draw off

She drew $2,000 from the account

The doctors drew medical supplies from the hospital's emergency bank

反义: bank, deposit 上位: remove, take, take away 下位: check out, cheque, dip, disinvest, divert, divest, hive off, tap

cause to be returned;

同义词集: recall call in call back withdraw

recall the defective auto tires

The manufacturer tried to call back the spoilt yoghurt

上位: take

withdraw from active participation

同义词集: retire withdraw

He retired from chess

上位: cease, discontinue, give up, lay off, quit, stop

retire gracefully

同义词集: bow out withdraw

He bowed out when he realized he could no longer handle the demands of the chairmanship

上位: retire

break from a meeting or gathering;

同义词集: adjourn withdraw retire

We adjourned for lunch

The men retired to the library

上位: close, close down, close up, fold, shut down

🌳 词源

withdraw 可分析为 with-（向后、离开）加 draw（拉、拖），本义是“向后拉”。

PIE word *wí From Middle English withdrawen, withdrauen (“to depart, leave, move away; (reflexive) to go away; (reflexive) to leave someone’s service; (often reflexive) to draw back or retreat (from a battlefield or dangerous place), withdraw; to abandon, desert; to go, go forth; to move; of the sea, water, etc.: to (cause to) ebb, recede, subside; to disappear; to slacken, wane; (often reflexive) to cease, stop; to desist, refrain; (reflexive) to go back on, recant; to avoid, eschew; to bring under control, contain, suppress; to curb, curtail; to delay, put off; to demur, refuse; to carry or take away, deprive of, remove; to contract, draw away or in, retract; to deny, refuse; to revoke; to withhold; to divert; to separate; to adopt, borrow, imitate”) [and other forms], from with- (prefix meaning ‘away; back’) + drawen, drauen (“to drag, pull, tow, tug, draw [and other senses]”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ- (“to drag, pull; to run”)); see further at with- and draw. The English word is analysable as with- + draw.

🔄 变式

- imperat withdrawest archaic withdraweth archaic withdrawing present withdrawn past withdraws plural withdrew 1st_sg withdrewst archaic

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