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whole

★★★★★
🇺🇸 /hˈoʊl/ 🇬🇧 /hɔl/
adj 编号: W00929 牛津3000 BNC #452 COCA #467
whole 的核心意思是“完整的、没有被分开或缺少部分的”;它也可表示身体或精神状态完好,以及“完整体”这一整体。
💡 记忆钩子
把 whole 想成一个没有缺口、没有被拆开的整体:一条鱼完整地吃是 whole fish,食物没有去掉外层或成分也是 whole wheat;人没有受损则是状态完好,整体本身则可称为 a whole。
📝 学习建议
  • 先掌握“完整的、全部的”这一核心意思,再扩展到“完好”和名词“整体”。
  • whole 不等于“每一个”或“所有的”;它通常强调一个整体没有被分开或缺少部分。注意 whole 与 hole(洞)是同音异义词。
📖 中文释义
adj
  • core 完整的;全部的
    📖 表示一个东西作为整体存在,没有被切开、拆散或只取其中一部分;也可强调某件事的全部范围。
    💡 常用模式是 whole + 单数名词,尤其是 the whole + 名词,表示“整个……”;也可说 a whole + 名词,表示“完整的一个……”。它通常不能直接修饰复数名词来表达“所有”,所以“所有学生”一般不用 whole students。表达“一整天、一整年”时也常用 the whole day、the whole year。
    I ate the whole fish.
    我把整条鱼都吃了。
    She spent the whole morning reading.
    她整个上午都在读书。
  • core 完好无损的;健康的
    📖 强调人、身体或精神没有受到损伤,仍然完整、正常;这是“没有破损的整体”这一核心概念在人身上的延伸。
    💡 常见结构是 be whole,或 whole in body and mind;描述身体状况时也常与表示身体部位的词搭配。这个意思比 simply good 更具体,强调没有受伤、没有受损。日常英语中说人健康时更常用 healthy,whole 在这一义项下有时显得正式或书面。
    After the accident, she was lucky to come home whole.
    事故之后,她能毫发无损地回家真是幸运。
  • common 未加工完整的
    📖 表示某种材料或食物保留了完整形态,没有去掉其中重要的外层或成分,例如未磨碎的谷物或未脱脂的牛奶。
    💡 常见模式是 whole + 食物或材料名词,如 whole wheat、whole milk;它通常是固定的产品或食品描述。不要把 whole wheat 误解成“整块小麦”,这里强调小麦保留完整成分。与表示加工程度的词连用时,whole 说明没有被分解或去除部分。
    We usually buy whole wheat bread.
    我们通常买全麦面包。
  • rare 尚未开采或加工的
    📖 在商业、采矿等语境中,表示资源或项目还没有开始开采、处理或投入工作;仍可看作保持原状的“完整整体”。
    💡 通常放在行业名词前,如 whole mine 或 whole deposit,使用范围受行业语境限制。它不是日常英语中表示“完整”的首选说法。阅读商业或采矿资料时,根据上下文理解为“尚未开发的整体”。
wholer comparative more whole comparative wholest superlative most whole superlative
adv
  • common 完整地;整个地
    📖 表示某物作为完整的一体被做某个动作,没有先切开、拆分或取出部分。
    💡 最常见结构是动词 + 宾语 + whole,例如 eat the apple whole 或 swallow the pill whole。它多用于口语,强调对象保持原样完成动作。不要把 whole 放在动词前当作普通的“完全地”;这种位置通常应使用 completely 或 wholly。
    colloquial
    The child tried to swallow the grape whole.
    孩子试着把整颗葡萄吞下去。
more whole comparative most whole superlative
noun
  • core 完整的整体
    📖 指由许多部分组成、但被当作一个完整单位来看的东西;重点是各部分合在一起形成一个没有缺口的整体。
    💡 常用模式是 a whole、the whole,或 a coherent whole;表示“整体”时,前面通常需要冠词或其他限定词。the whole of + 名词强调某个范围的全部,但日常表达中也常直接使用 all of。不要把 whole 当作普通可数物品名词随意使用,它通常指抽象或由部分组成的整体。
    The small details form a beautiful whole.
    这些小细节组成了一个美丽的整体。
  • common 全部;整体
    📖 表示某个范围内的全部事物,不把它们分别拿出来看,而是作为一个完整范围来考虑。
    💡 常见结构是 the whole of + 名词或代词,如 the whole of the country、the whole of it;这种结构比 all of 略正式。whole 后面通常接单数范围名词,表示完整的一体。若后面直接接复数名词表示“所有人或物”,通常改用 all。
    The whole of the town came to the festival.
    全镇的人都来参加了节庆活动。
wholes plural
📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 8 组
an assemblage of parts that is regarded as a single entity;
同义词集: whole unit
how big is that part compared to the whole?
the team is a unit
上位: object, physical object 下位: aggregate, artefact, artifact, assembly, item, sum, total, totality
to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (`whole' is often used informally for `wholly'); ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
同义词集: wholly entirely completely totally all altogether whole right
he was wholly convinced
entirely satisfied with the meal
it was completely different from what we expected
was completely at fault
a totally new situation
the directions were all wrong
it was not altogether her fault
an altogether new approach
a whole new idea
she felt right at home
he fell right into the trap
反义: in part, part, partially, partly
including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete; ; ; ; ;
同义词集: whole
gave his whole attention
a whole wardrobe for the tropics
the whole hog
a whole week
the baby cried the whole trip home
a whole loaf of bread
反义: fractional 近似: entire, full, full-length, full-page, intact, integral, total, undivided 参见: complete
(of siblings) having the same parents
同义词集: whole
whole brothers and sisters
反义: half
acting together as a single undiversified whole
同义词集: solid unanimous whole
a solid voting bloc
exhibiting or restored to vigorous good health; ;
同义词集: hale whole
hale and hearty
whole in mind and body
a whole person again
近似: healthy
not injured or harmed
同义词集: unharmed unhurt unscathed whole
all of something including all its component elements or parts;
同义词集: whole
Europe considered as a whole
the whole of American literature
上位: concept, conception, construct 下位: complex, composite, compound, unit
🌳 词源
源自古英语中表示“健康、安全、完整”的词根;whole 中的 wh- 拼写后来出现,但标准英语中并不按 w+h 两个音来读。它与 hale、health、heal 等词同源。
Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ilos Proto-Germanic *hailaz Proto-West Germanic *hail Old English hāl Middle English hol English whole From Middle English whol, hol, hole (“healthy, unhurt, whole”), from Old English hāl (“healthy, safe”), from Proto-West Germanic *hail, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“whole, safe, sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ilos (“healthy, whole”). The spelling with wh-, attested since ca. 1400, represents an excrescent /w/, which developed in words with initial /(h)ɔː/, /(h)oː/ in southwestern dialects of Middle English. While this pronunciation did not establish itself in the standard language (except in one), the spelling survived in whole and whore, in the former case likely reinforced by a desire to disambiguate from hole. Cognates Compare West Frisian hiel, Low German heel/heil, Dutch heel, German heil, Danish and Norwegian Bokmål hel, Norwegian Nynorsk heil; also Welsh coel (“omen”), Breton kel (“omen, mention”), Old Prussian kails (“healthy”), Old Church Slavonic цѣлъ (cělŭ, “healthy, unhurt”). Related to hale, health, hail, hallow, heal, and holy. False cognate of Ancient Greek ὅλος (hólos).
🔄 变式
more whole compar most whole superl wholer compar wholes plural wholest superl
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