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weakness
★★
🇺🇸 /wˈiknʌs/
🇬🇧 /ˈwiːk.nɪs/
weakness 是“软弱、薄弱之处”或“难以抗拒的偏爱”:既可以指缺乏力量的状态,也可以指个人、事物或系统的缺陷,还可以指对某种东西特别着迷。
💡 记忆钩子
想象一块承重不足的木板:它本身不够坚固,是“软弱”的状态;木板上最容易断的地方,就是一个人的“弱点”或事物的“缺陷”;如果心里有一块地方特别容易被巧克力等打动,那也成了难以抗拒的“偏爱”。
📝 学习建议
- 先记住“力量不足”这一核心,再掌握“缺陷”和“难以抗拒的偏爱”两个引申义,不要把 weakness 只理解成身体虚弱。
- 看到 weakness for 时不要按“对……的弱点”硬译,通常应整体理解为“特别喜欢……、抵挡不住……”。
📖 中文释义
noun
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core 软弱;虚弱📖 指缺乏身体、心理或行动上的力量和坚韧性,是一种整体的软弱状态。它强调“力量不够”,不只用于身体,也可以用于意志或能力。💡 常用句型是 “weakness in + 方面” 或 “suffer from weakness”;表示一般状态时通常作不可数名词,不要随意加 a。正式语境中可用于描述健康、能力或组织状况,日常谈话中也可表示精神不振。不要把它只用于肌肉力量,意志薄弱或防守薄弱同样可以用这个词。uncountableThe patient complained of weakness in both legs.这名患者说自己的双腿都感到无力。Lack of sleep can cause weakness and poor concentration.睡眠不足会导致虚弱和注意力不集中。
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core 弱点;缺陷📖 指某个人、计划、系统或事物中不够好、容易出问题的地方。这里不是整体“虚弱”,而是找出那块最容易被攻破的薄弱环节。💡 常用句型是 “someone's weakness is ...” 或 “a weakness in + 计划/系统”;这个义项通常是可数名词,可以说 a weakness 或 several weaknesses。它适用于普通分析、工作讨论和较正式的评价,语气可以中性,也可以带批评意味。不要把每个缺点都译成 weakness:若强调道德过错或坏习惯,可能需要更具体的词。countableHis fear of public speaking was his biggest weakness.害怕在公众面前讲话是他最大的弱点。The report exposed a serious weakness in the security system.这份报告揭示了该安全系统的一个严重漏洞。
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core 特别偏爱;难以抗拒的嗜好📖 指一个人面对某种东西时特别容易动心、很难克制的偏爱。它把“容易被攻破的地方”转到了欲望上:平时能抵抗,遇到这个东西却容易失守。💡 最常用的句型是 “have a weakness for + 名词/动名词”,也可以说 “someone's weakness is ...”;这里通常用可数形式 a weakness。这个表达常用于轻松或自我调侃的语气,不一定表示严重成瘾。不要把它理解成对方的“弱点”或对某物有害怕感,而应理解为“特别喜欢、抵挡不住”。countableI have a weakness for freshly baked bread.我特别喜欢刚出炉的面包,总是抵挡不住。She has a weakness for old mystery novels.她特别喜欢老派的悬疑小说。
weaknesses
plural
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 5 组
the property of lacking physical or mental strength; liability to failure under pressure or stress or strain;
同义词集:
weakness
his weakness increased as he became older
the weakness of the span was overlooked until it collapsed
反义: strength
上位: property
下位: attenuation, delicacy, fragility, vulnerability
powerlessness revealed by an inability to act
同义词集:
helplessness
weakness
impuissance
in spite of their weakness the group remains active
上位: impotence, impotency, powerlessness
a penchant for something even though it might not be good for you
同义词集:
weakness
he has a weakness for chocolate
上位: penchant, predilection, preference, taste
a flaw or weak point
同义词集:
failing
weakness
he was quick to point out his wife's failings
上位: imperfection, imperfectness
下位: fatigue, flaw, inadequacy, insufficiency
the condition of being financially weak
同义词集:
weakness
the weakness of the dollar against the yen
反义: strength
上位: bad luck, ill luck, misfortune, tough luck
🌳 词源
源自古英语,后来由 weak 加后缀 -ness 构成,基本意思是“软弱的状态”。
From Middle English wayknesse, weykenesse, replacing earlier Middle English wocnesse, wakenes, wacnesse (“weakness”), from Old English wācnes (“weakness”). Equivalent to weak + -ness.
🔄 变式
weaknesses
plural
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