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watch
★★★
🇺🇸 /wˈɑtʃ/
🇬🇧 /ˈwɒt͡ʃ/
watch 的核心是“持续留意”:既可指用来计时的手表,也可指观看、看守、提防,以及看守者或看守时段。
💡 记忆钩子
把 watch 想成一双持续盯着目标的眼睛:盯着画面就是“观看”,盯着行李就是“看守”,盯着危险就是“提防”;负责盯守的人、值守的时段,甚至手腕上持续盯着时间的东西,也都从这个“持续留意”延伸出来。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握动词“观看、看守、提防”和名词“手表”,再学习值守时段、守卫等较旧或专门的名词义。
- watch 不是“看见”某一瞬间;它通常强调持续观看或留意。表示“看见”本身时,通常优先考虑另一个常用词。
📖 中文释义
noun
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core 手表📖 手腕上用来显示时间的便携式计时器;它像一双一直盯着时间的眼睛。💡 常用模式是 wear、buy、check a watch,或说 my watch、a digital watch。watch 在这里是可数名词,不能把它误当作不可数的“时间”。表示查看时间时,通常说 check my watch,而不是 watch the time。My watch stopped, so I was late for work.我的手表停了,所以我上班迟到了。She checked her watch before leaving the meeting.她离开会议前看了一下手表。
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core 看守;守望📖 持续盯着某人或某物,以便发现情况或保护它;这是“持续留意”作为名词的直接体现。💡 常见模式是 keep watch、stand watch 或 keep watch over someone/something。这个义项偏正式,常用于夜间、危险环境或守卫情境;不要把它和普通的“观看一部电影”混为一谈。Two guards kept watch outside the building all night.两名守卫整夜在大楼外守望。The parents took turns keeping watch over the sick child.父母轮流守护生病的孩子。
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common 值守时段📖 看守工作被分成的一段固定时间,也就是某人轮到持续留意的班次。💡 常见模式是 the first/second/last watch 或 during one’s watch。这个义项多见于历史叙述、夜间守卫和航海语境;现代一般工作场景通常说 shift,而不说 watch。The night watch began at midnight.夜间值守从午夜开始。
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rare 夜间醒来的时段📖 在分成两段睡眠的旧式作息中,两次睡眠之间保持清醒的那段时间。
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common 守卫;警卫队📖 负责持续看守的人或一群人,名称来自他们所执行的守望任务。💡 常见模式是 the watch,后面可接动作或地点,如 the watch stopped someone。这个用法较正式或带历史色彩;现代普通语境通常说 guards、security 或 police。The watch stopped the travelers at the city gate.守卫在城门口拦住了旅客。
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rare 岗哨;警卫岗位📖 守卫所处的岗位、执勤地点或看守职责本身,是“持续看守”进一步具体化的说法。
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rare 船上值班组📖 船上按共同值班时间编成的水手和军官小组,负责在指定时段持续观察和工作。
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rare 船上值班📖 船员执行船务的一段值班时间,也可指这段时间内负责工作的船员。
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common 观看📖 持续观看某个节目、影片或其他内容的行为;也就是把“持续留意”用于视觉欣赏。💡 常见模式是 have a watch of something,但现代英语更自然地说 watch something。这个名词义项比动词少见,尤其在正式写作之外;不要机械地把每个“看”都译成 a watch。We had a quick watch of the documentary after dinner.晚饭后我们快速看了一会儿纪录片。
watches
plural
verb
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core 观看📖 把视线和注意力持续放在某人、某物或某个活动上,而不是只在一瞬间看见它。💡 常见模式是 watch something/someone,或 watch someone do/doing something。watch 通常直接接宾语,不要在宾语前加表示“到”的介词;表示观看节目时也直接说 watch a film、watch television。ambitransitiveWe watched the children play in the garden.我们看着孩子们在花园里玩耍。I watched a documentary on the train.我在火车上看了一部纪录片。
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core 观察;留意📖 持续观察某人或某事,以便注意到变化、结果或重要细节。💡 常见模式是 watch someone/something carefully、watch for changes 或 watch what happens。这个义项比单纯观看更强调观察结果;不要误以为 watch 只用于娱乐内容。transitiveWatch the soup carefully so it does not boil over.仔细留意汤,别让它煮沸溢出来。
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core 照看;看守📖 替别人持续留意某人或某物,确保它安全或没有出问题;这是“盯着目标”变成承担照看责任。💡 常见模式是 watch someone/something,或 watch someone’s bag/house。它可表示短时间帮忙照看,不一定是正式守卫;不要只根据宾语把它理解成“观看”。transitiveCould you watch my bag while I buy a ticket?我买票时你能帮我看一下包吗?She watches her little brother after school.她放学后照看弟弟。
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common 提防某人📖 持续留意某人或某事,因为它可能带来麻烦、欺骗或危险。💡 常见模式是 watch someone/something,表示“提防、当心”。语气可以是提醒,也可以带有怀疑;不要把 watch that guy 机械理解成“看那个男的”,上下文可能是在警告对方。transitiveWatch that man; he may try to take your phone.当心那个人,他可能会试图拿走你的手机。
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common 当心;注意避免📖 把注意力放在可能碰到的危险或麻烦上,提醒自己采取行动避免它。💡 常见模式是 watch your head、watch your step 或 watch out for something。watch your head 等短语是提醒,不是要求观看自己的身体部位;watch out 单独使用时也表示“当心”。transitiveWatch your step on the wet floor.地板很湿,走路小心。
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rare 守夜陪护📖 陪着病人或将死之人保持警醒,持续守护到一段时间结束。intransitive
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common 保持警觉📖 自己保持清醒和戒备,随时注意可能发生的危险。💡 常见模式是 stay/watch on guard 或 watch while someone sleeps。这个不及物用法较正式,日常提醒通常说 stay alert 或 be careful;不要把它理解成必须观看某个具体对象。intransitiveYou sleep first; I’ll watch until dawn.你先睡,我会保持警戒到天亮。
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common 放哨📖 担任负责观察四周、及时发现来人或危险的 lookout,也就是专门执行持续留意的人。💡 常见模式是 watch while someone does something,或 watch for someone/something。这个义项通常需要明确的守望情境;普通的“看一看”不使用这种不及物结构。intransitiveI’ll watch while you unlock the door.你开门时我来放哨。
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rare 在船上保持浮位📖 航海专门用法,指船只或浮动物体正确漂浮在应处的位置,起到守望标志的作用。
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rare 醒着📖 古旧用法,表示保持清醒、不睡觉,可看作“持续保持警觉”的旧式延伸。intransitive obsolete
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rare 等待时机📖 古旧用法,表示留意并等待某人或某个机会出现。obsolete transitive
watches
present,singular,third-person
watching
participle,present
watched
participle,past
watched
past
watch
first-person,present,singular
watched
first-person,past,singular
watch
present,second-person,singular
watchest
archaic,present,second-person,singular
watched
past,second-person,singular
watchedst
archaic,past,second-person,singular
watcheth
archaic,present,singular,third-person
watched
past,singular,third-person
watch
plural,present
watched
past,plural
watch
present,subjunctive
watched
past,subjunctive
watch
imperative,present
-
imperative,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 13 组
a purposeful surveillance to guard or observe
同义词集:
watch
vigil
上位: surveillance
下位: spying
find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort; ; ;
同义词集:
determine
check
find out
see
ascertain
watch
learn
I want to see whether she speaks French
See whether it works
find out if he speaks Russian
Check whether the train leaves on time
下位: test
the rite of staying awake for devotional purposes (especially on the eve of a religious festival)
同义词集:
vigil
watch
上位: religious rite, rite
下位: viewing, wake
observe with attention
同义词集:
watch
look on
They watched as the murderer was executed
observe or determine by looking
同义词集:
watch
Watch how the dog chases the cats away
look attentively
同义词集:
watch
watch a basketball game
下位: catch, observe, see, take in, view, witness
see or watch; ; ; ;
同义词集:
watch
view
see
catch
take in
view a show on television
This program will be seen all over the world
view an exhibition
Catch a show on Broadway
see a movie
下位: preview, visualise, visualize
be vigilant, be on the lookout or be careful
同义词集:
watch
look out
watch out
Watch out for pickpockets!
下位: beware, mind
follow with the eyes or the mind; ;
同义词集:
watch
observe
follow
watch over
keep an eye on
Keep an eye on the baby, please!
The world is watching Sarajevo
She followed the men with the binoculars
上位: check, check into, check out, check over, check up on, go over, look into, suss out
下位: guard, invigilate, proctor
a small portable timepiece
同义词集:
watch
ticker
下位: hunter, hunting watch
a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event
同义词集:
lookout
lookout man
sentinel
sentry
watch
spotter
scout
picket
上位: security guard, watcher, watchman
a period of time (4 or 2 hours) during which some of a ship's crew are on duty
同义词集:
watch
上位: duty period, shift, work shift
the period during which someone (especially a guard) is on duty
同义词集:
watch
上位: period, period of time, time period
🌳 词源
名词来自古英语 wæċċe,动词来自古英语 wæċċan;两者都与“守望、保持警觉”有关。
From Middle English wacchen, from Old English wæċċan, from Proto-West Germanic *wakkjan, from Proto-Germanic *wakjaną.
Cognate with Dutch wekken, German wecken, Danish vække, Norwegian Bokmål vekke, Norwegian Nynorsk vekkja, Swedish väcka, Faroese and Icelandic vekja.
🔄 变式
-
imperat
watched
1st_sg
watchedst
archaic
watches
plural
watchest
archaic
watcheth
archaic
watching
present
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