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use

★★★★

🇺🇸 /jˈus/ 🇬🇧 /juːz/

noun 编号: U00788 牛津3000 BNC #87 COCA #92

use既可以作名词，表示“使用、用途、用处”，也可以作动词，表示“使用、利用”；在过去式结构中还常表示“过去常常”。

💡 记忆钩子

把一个东西拿来发挥作用，就是use：动作本身是“使用”，能带来帮助就是“用处”，能拿来做某事就是“用途”；反复做某事会形成习惯，因此过去式结构used to表示“过去常常”。

📝 学习建议

先掌握名词的“使用、用途”和动词的“使用、利用”，再学习used to表示过去习惯。
不要把use只理解成“用手拿来用”；它也常表示抽象的使用、用途或价值。
注意use作动词表示“使用”与作名词表示“使用”时读音不同；used to表示过去习惯时，不等同于单纯的过去式。

📖 中文释义

noun

core 使用这一行为

📖 指使用某人或某物这一行为本身，既可以谈一般的使用，也可以谈某一次或某一类使用。

💡 常用结构是the use of something或the use of something by someone。它既可作可数名词谈某种具体使用，也可作不可数名词谈一般行为；不要在这里把use误当成“用途”。

countable uncountable

The use of cameras has changed the way people work.

摄像机的使用改变了人们的工作方式。
common 酒精或毒品的使用

📖 特指饮酒或使用毒品等物质的行为，通常关注这种行为的频率或程度。

💡 常用结构是alcohol use、drug use或heavy use of something。这个义项通常作不可数名词，表示一种行为或习惯；不要把它理解成“酒精的用途”。

uncountable

Regular alcohol use can affect your sleep.

经常饮酒会影响你的睡眠。
core 用处；价值

📖 指某人或某物能带来的帮助或实际价值，也就是“有没有用”。

💡 常见结构是be of use、be of no use，以及what's the use of ...?。表示“有用”时不要只说use，要根据结构使用useful或be of use；what's the use of后面接名词或动名词。

uncountable

What's the use of a key if the lock is broken?

锁坏了，钥匙还有什么用？
core 用途；功能

📖 指某物可以被用来做什么，也可以指它具有的不同功能或用途。

💡 常用结构是a use for something、a use of something和something has many uses。谈具体用途时通常用可数形式a use或many uses；不要把“用途”一律翻成使用行为。

countable uncountable

This small room has several uses.

这个小房间有好几个用途。
common 需要；用得上

📖 表示某人是否还需要某物，重点不是物品的功能，而是自己是否还会用到它。

💡 常用结构是have a use for something和have no further use for something。否定句中通常表示“不再需要”；不要把have no use for直接理解成“完全不知道怎么使用”。

countable uncountable

I have no further use for these old files.

这些旧文件我以后用不着了。
rare 利息；使用费

📖 历史或特殊语境中，use还可指借钱产生的利息，或为使用某物支付的费用。

countable obsolete rare uncountable
rare 惯常做法；习惯

📖 古旧用法中指持续或反复的实践、惯例或习惯。

archaic countable uncountable
rare 通常情况；常态

📖 古旧用法中指普通经验或通常会发生的情况。

countable obsolete uncountable
rare 特定礼仪形式

📖 基督教语境中指某一地区或教区采用的特定礼仪形式。

countable uncountable
rare 锻造用铁块

📖 锻造术语中指焊在锻件侧面、再通过锤打拉长锻件的铁块。

countable uncountable

uses plural

verb

core 使用；利用

📖 把某物拿来完成任务、达到目的或解决问题，就是use最基本的动词义。

💡 常用结构是use something和use something to do something。use后面直接接物品或方法，不要在直接宾语前随意加介词；表示“用某物做某事”时，to后接动词原形。

transitive

Use this knife to slice the bread.

用这把刀切面包。

We use this app to track our expenses.

我们用这个应用记录开支。
common 用掉；利用完

📖 仍然是“利用”，但重点放在把分配到的资源、钱或材料拿来使用，常带有使用量或消耗完的意味。

💡 常见结构是use something up，表示“把某物用光”，也可说use something。up通常放在宾语后或代词前，即use it up，不要说use up it。

often transitive with-up

We used up all the paper before lunch.

午饭前我们把纸全用光了。
common 使用成瘾性物质

📖 不及物地说某人uses，尤其在上下文明确时，常指这个人使用毒品或其他成瘾性物质。

💡 通常用use单独作不及物动词，或说use drugs等；这个义项常由上下文判断，不能把所有不带宾语的use都理解成吸毒。谈一般使用时通常需要明确宾语。

intransitive

He stopped using after getting help.

他得到帮助后停止了使用毒品。
common 使习惯于

📖 表示让某人逐渐适应某种困难、环境或情况；现代英语中主要保留在used to something结构里。

💡 常见结构是be used to something或be used to doing something，表示“习惯于”；to在这里是介词，后面接名词或动名词，不接动词原形。不要和used to do something混淆，后者表示“过去常常”。

She is used to working under pressure.

她习惯了在压力下工作。
rare 使自己习惯于

📖 较旧的反身用法表示使自己适应某种情况，与“使习惯于”的核心概念相连。

obsolete reflexive
core 过去常常

📖 在used to do something中，表示过去经常做某事或过去处于某种状态，现在通常已不再如此。

💡 固定结构是used to do something，to后接动词原形；否定和疑问形式常用didn't use to和did ... use to。不要把它和be used to doing something混为一谈，后者表示已经习惯。

intransitive

I used to walk to school every day.

我过去每天走路上学。
rare 对待；以某种方式行事

📖 较旧或带评价色彩的用法，表示以某种方式对待人或动物。

dated
rare 举止；表现自己

📖 古旧反身用法表示某人如何表现或行事，可看作“对待自己”的延伸。

obsolete reflexive

uses present,singular,third-person using participle,present used participle,past used past use first-person,present,singular used first-person,past,singular use present,second-person,singular usest archaic,present,second-person,singular used past,second-person,singular usedst archaic,past,second-person,singular useth archaic,present,singular,third-person used past,singular,third-person use plural,present used past,plural use present,subjunctive used past,subjunctive use imperative,present - imperative,past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 13 组

exerting shrewd or devious influence especially for one's own advantage

同义词集: manipulation use

his manipulation of his friends was scandalous

上位: influence

(psychology) an automatic pattern of behavior in reaction to a specific situation; may be inherited or acquired through frequent repetition; ;

同义词集: habit use

owls have nocturnal habits

she had a habit twirling the ends of her hair

long use had hardened him to it

上位: custom, usage, usance 下位: cleanliness, ritual

the act of using;

同义词集: use usage utilization utilisation employment exercise

he warned against the use of narcotic drugs

skilled in the utilization of computers

上位: activity 下位: abuse, application, development, exploitation, misuse, play, practical application, practice, recycling

use up, consume fully

同义词集: use expend

The legislature expended its time on school questions

下位: abuse, blow, misuse, occupy, pervert, spare, squander, take, use up, waste 参见: consume, deplete, eat, eat up, exhaust, run through, use up, wipe out

put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

同义词集: use utilize utilise apply employ

use your head!

we only use Spanish at home

I can't use this tool

Apply a magnetic field here

This thinking was applied to many projects

How do you utilize this tool?

I apply this rule to get good results

use the plastic bags to store the food

He doesn't know how to use a computer

下位: address, assign, avail, commit, consecrate, dedicate, devote, enjoy, exercise, exert, exploit, extend, fall back, give, implement, misapply, misuse, overdrive, overuse, play, ply, put, put to work, recur, recycle, reprocess, resort, reuse, share, strain, take, tap, waste, work

take or consume (regularly or habitually)

同义词集: use habituate

She uses drugs rarely

上位: consume, have, ingest, take, take in 下位: do drugs, drug, smoke

habitually do something or be in a certan state or place (use only in the past tense); ; ;

同义词集: use

She used to call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally

I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall

They used to vacation in the Bahamas

she used to be his best friend and now they are enemies

上位: act, move

avail oneself to; ; ; ;

同义词集: practice apply use

apply a principle

practice a religion

use care when going down the stairs

use your common sense

practice non-violent resistance

下位: follow

seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage;

同义词集: use

She uses her influential friends to get jobs

The president's wife used her good connections

上位: exploit, work 下位: take advantage, trespass

what something is used for;

同义词集: function purpose role use

the function of an auger is to bore holes

ballet is beautiful but what use is it?

上位: usefulness, utility

a particular service;

同义词集: use

he put his knowledge to good use

patrons have their uses

上位: usefulness, utility

(law) the exercise of the legal right to enjoy the benefits of owning property

同义词集: use enjoyment

we were given the use of his boat

下位: fruition

(economics) the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing

同义词集: consumption economic consumption usance use use of goods and services

the consumption of energy has increased steadily

上位: demand

🌳 词源

名词和动词都源自古法语及拉丁语，核心概念一直围绕“使用、习惯和发挥作用”。

Latin ūtī Early Medieval Latin ūsō Early Medieval Latin ūsāre Old French userbor. Middle English usen English use Inherited from Middle English usen, from Old French user (“use, employ, practice”), from Medieval Latin usare (“use”), frequentative form of past participle stem of Latin uti (“to use”). Displaced native Middle English noten, nutten (“to use”) (from Old English notian, nēotan, nyttian) and Middle English brouken, bruken (“to use, enjoy”) (from Old English brūcan).

🔄 变式

- imperat used 1st_sg usedst archaic uses plural usest archaic useth archaic using present

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