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turn

★★★★★

🇺🇸 /tˈɚn/ 🇬🇧 /tɜːn/

noun 编号: T02510 牛津3000 BNC #183 COCA #170

turn 既可作名词，表示转向、转动，也可表示轮到某人做某事或某人的一段工作时间；作动词时主要表示转动、改变方向，以及状态或态度发生变化。

💡 记忆钩子

把 turn 想成“转过去”：物体转动会改变方向，人转变想法会改变态度；轮流做事则是“转到你了”，因此 turn 也表示轮到某人。

📝 学习建议

先掌握“转动、转向”和“轮到某人”这两个核心义，再扩展到“改变状态或态度”。
不要把 turn 只理解为身体旋转；它常表示路线、计划、处境或态度的改变。
作名词时，turn 还可表示一次机会或一段轮班时间，需根据上下文判断。

📖 中文释义

noun

core 转向；转动一下

📖 指方向、朝向或位置发生一次改变，也可以指把某物转动一下；可以把它想成物体“转过去”。

💡 常用“give something a turn”表示把某物转一下，也可说“make a turn”表示转向。它既能描述动作，也能描述方向变化；不要把它和表示完整旋转一周的义项混为一谈。

Give the handle a turn, then pull it.

把手柄转一下，然后拉它。

We took a sharp turn into the narrow street.

我们急转弯驶入了那条窄街。
common 旋转一周

📖 指物体绕自身的轴朝一个方向连续转动，直到回到原来的朝向。

💡 常与“a full turn”“one complete turn”等搭配，说明旋转的完整程度。这个义项强调绕轴转回原位，不只是改变一次方向；描述人或车辆转弯时通常不用它。

The wheel makes one complete turn every second.

这个轮子每秒完整转一圈。
common 来回走动

📖 指在某个地方走一圈或来回散步，把它理解成脚步在一个范围内“转过去再回来”。

💡 常见结构是“take a turn in or around a place”。它通常表示轻松散步，不一定有明确目的；正式语境中也可直接用表示散步的词。

Let's take a turn around the garden before dinner.

晚饭前我们在花园里走一圈吧。
core 轮到使用；轮流

📖 表示共享某物或做某事时，机会按顺序“转到”某个人那里；这就是“轮到你了”。

💡 常用“take turns doing something”表示轮流做某事，也可说“have a turn”表示获得一次机会。与多人共同使用物品时，注意用复数形式表示大家轮流，而不是表示同一个人的连续动作。

The children took turns reading the story aloud.

孩子们轮流大声朗读这个故事。

Can I have a turn on the swing?

轮到我荡秋千了吗？
common 轮班；值班时间

📖 指按排班或约定分给某人的一段工作时间，也就是工作任务“转到”这个人身上。

💡 常见结构是“someone's turn to do something”或“work a turn”。日常生活中常用它谈家务轮换，工作场合则可指值班或轮班；不要只理解成一次短暂的动作。

It is my turn to wash the dishes tonight.

今晚轮到我洗碗。
common 游戏中的行动机会

📖 指多人轮流进行的游戏中，某位玩家可以走一步、出牌或采取行动的时机。

💡 常见结构是“it is someone's turn”或“wait for your turn”。它强调游戏规则下的行动顺序，不等同于一般的工作轮班；在棋类和桌游中尤其常见。

It is your turn, so move one of your pieces.

轮到你了，所以移动你的一枚棋子。
rare 音乐装饰音型

📖 音乐中一种围绕主音上下邻音来回进行的装饰音型，通常写在乐谱上。

💡 这是音乐理论术语，通常和乐谱、音符或演奏说明一起使用。普通会话中不要用它表示一般的转动或轮流。
common 完成所需时间

📖 指完成一项工作或项目所需要的时间，尤其用于说明加工、交付或处理周期。

💡 常见于“a two-day turn”或“a quick turn”这类表达，通常放在数量或形容词后说明周期长短。它多见于工作和行业语境，日常英语中也可以直接说完成时间或处理周期。

The repair shop promised a three-day turn on the order.

修理店承诺三天内完成这项订单。
common 眩晕发作

📖 指一阵不舒服、头晕或状态异常的发作，常表示这种情况来得突然。

💡 常见表达是“have a funny turn”，带有口语色彩，常用于描述短暂的身体不适。它不一定说明具体疾病；若要正式描述症状，应直接说明头晕或昏厥等情况。

Grandpa had a funny turn after standing up too quickly.

爷爷起身太快后突然一阵头晕。
common 情势变化

📖 指性情、处境或事情的发展方向发生变化，尤其常指变得更好或更坏。

💡 常见搭配是“take a turn for the better or worse”。通常与“take”连用，后面接“for the better”或“for the worse”；不要把它误解为某人亲自转身。

Her health took a turn for the better after the treatment.

治疗后，她的健康状况有了好转。
rare 球的侧向偏移

📖 板球等运动中，指球因飞行时的旋转而在弹跳后向侧面偏移。

💡 这是球类运动术语，通常和球的弹跳、旋转或投球策略一起使用。普通语境中不能用它泛指球的任何转弯。
rare 德州扑克第四张公共牌

📖 德州扑克中，翻牌之后发出的第四张公共牌。

💡 这是扑克术语，通常与翻牌、河牌和下注阶段一起使用。只在讨论德州扑克牌局时使用，不要把它理解成一般的轮次。
rare 德州扑克翻牌

📖 旧用法中指德州扑克最初发出的三张公共牌，即现在通常所说的翻牌。

💡 这是过时的扑克用语，现代牌局说明中通常不用它。阅读旧资料时要结合上下文判断它指的是三张公共牌，而不是第四张。

obsolete
common 对他人的行为

📖 指对别人做出的一件事，可以是善意帮助，也可以是恶意伤害；重点在于这种行为会影响对方。

💡 常见于“one good turn deserves another”这一格言式表达，也可与“do someone a turn”搭配。这里不是“转动”的意思，翻译时要根据上下文理解为善举、行为或回报。

She helped me move, so I returned the favor with a good turn of my own.

她帮我搬家，所以我也做了一件好事来回报她。
common 线圈的一圈

📖 指弹簧、线圈或绕成圈的材料中的单独一圈。

💡 常见于“a turn of wire”或“each turn of the coil”等结构，通常与线、绳或线圈连用。要说明数量时可用具体数字修饰；不要把一整组线圈和其中一圈混为一谈。

Add one more turn of wire around the ring.

在环上再绕一圈电线。
common 绳子的绕行

📖 指绳子从物体后面绕过，或穿过某个物体形成的一次绕行。

💡 常见于绳结和航海等语境，通常与“take a turn around something”或“pass a rope through something”类结构连用。它描述的是绳子的路径，不是把物体整体旋转。

Give the rope one turn around the post before tying the knot.

打结前，让绳子绕柱子一圈。
rare 性格；性情

📖 指一个人的性格倾向或思维、表达方式，例如健谈、严肃或爱开玩笑的性情。

💡 常见于“of a cheerful or practical turn”等较书面结构，通常由形容词修饰。现代日常会话中更常直接说性格或个性，因此不要把它当作最普通的“性格”说法。
rare 带球过人

📖 足球等运动中，指球员控制球绕过防守队员的一次动作。

💡 这是体育用语，常与球员、对手和带球动作一起使用。它不是泛指任何球场上的转身；具体含义要依赖足球语境。
common 短节目；表演节目

📖 指一段简短的喜剧表演、杂技动作或舞台节目，通常由个人或小组完成。

💡 常见于“do or perform a turn”以及演出节目单中，带有表演行业色彩。它通常指一个独立的小节目，不是整场演出；在日常语境中也可用表示节目或小品的词。

especially physical

The magician performed a short turn before the main show.

魔术师在主节目开始前表演了一段短节目。
rare 倒置字形

📖 旧式印刷中，把某个字母或字符倒过来，暂时代替缺少的另一个字符。

💡 这是过时的印刷术语，主要会在旧的出版或排版资料中出现。现代印刷通常不会用这种办法，因此不要在普通语境中使用。

dated
rare 证券买卖差价收益

📖 历史金融用语中，指证券经纪商通过买入价和卖出价之间的差额取得的利润。

💡 这是英国历史金融语境中的术语，常与证券交易商和买卖差价一起出现。现代普通商业会话中很少使用，不能把它理解成一般营业额或利润。

UK historical

turns plural

verb

core 转动

📖 表示人或物体自身转动、旋转或改变朝向，正是“转过去”的基本动作。

💡 常用“主语 + turn”表示自行转动，也可与 around、over 等副词连用。它通常是不及物用法，不要在后面直接接被转动的东西；若要表达“转动某物”，用及物结构。

intransitive person

The Earth turns as it travels around the Sun.

地球在绕太阳运行时不断自转。

He turned slowly to face the door.

他慢慢转过身来面对门。
common 转动某物

📖 表示使某个物体转动或改变朝向，例如转动旋钮、钥匙或把手。

💡 常用“turn + 名词 + 方向副词”或“turn + 名词 + 介词短语”。这是及物用法，不能漏掉被转动的对象；表示开关电器时也常说 turn on/off，而不只是 turn。

transitive

Turn the handle slowly to open the door.

慢慢转动把手，把门打开。
common 转弯

📖 表示沿行进路线改变方向，尤其指在路口向左或向右转。

💡 常用“turn left/right at + 地点”或“turn into + 道路”。turn left 和 turn to the left 都可以，但问路时不要把地点后的 at 和进入某条路时的 into 混用。

intransitive

Turn right at the next traffic light.

在下一个红绿灯处右转。
common 使呈现某种形状

📖 表示通过转动、加工或某种作用，使东西变成另一种形状；这是从“转过去”引申出的较宽泛用法。

💡 常见结构是“turn + 名词 + into + 形状或事物”，也可用于文学语境中的“把……塑造成……”。日常表达中若强调制作过程，make 或 shape 往往更直接。

broadly

The artist turned a piece of wire into a small bird.

艺术家把一段铁丝做成了一只小鸟。
common 翻到；翻阅

📖 表示把书页转过去，翻到某一页，或从头到尾翻阅书本。

💡 常用“turn to + 页码或页面”表示“翻到……”，用“turn through + 书或文件”表示“翻阅”。不要把 turn to page twenty 理解成“转向第二十页”以外的抽象转变。

figuratively transitive

Please turn to page twelve and read the first paragraph.

请翻到第十二页，读第一段。
core 变成；变得

📖 表示人或事物的状态、颜色、性情发生变化，也就是“转过去”成为另一种样子或态度。

💡 常用“turn + 形容词”表示变得……，也可用“turn + 名词”表示变成某种身份或状态。若明确说“变成某物”，常用 turn into；不要把 turn 后的形容词误加成介词。

copulative intransitive transitive

The sky turned pink at sunset.

日落时天空变成了粉红色。

He turned angry when I questioned his decision.

我质疑他的决定时，他变得生气起来。
common 变色；变质

📖 特指事物随着时间或环境变化而呈现新的颜色、外观或状态。

💡 常用“turn + 颜色或形容词”，主语通常是叶子、食物、天气等发生自然变化的事物。谈食物变坏时可用 turn sour 或 turn bad，但不能把所有“变得”都机械替换成 turn。

intransitive transitive

The bananas will turn brown if you leave them out.

这些香蕉放在外面就会变成棕色。
rare 被说成改变性取向

📖 这是带有冒犯性的俚语用法，指被声称通过外界影响而改变性取向；现代英语中不应这样谈论性取向。

💡 只会在引用或讨论带偏见的旧式说法时遇到，不能用于礼貌或中性的日常表达。不要用它描述任何人的性取向变化，也不要把这种说法当作事实。

intransitive offensive slang sometimes transitive
common 转变；改变

📖 表示人的想法、情绪或行为方向转变，好像把自己“转到”另一种状态。

💡 可用“turn against + 人或事物”表示转而反对，也可用“turn on + 人”表示突然攻击或责怪。语境通常决定变化是中性的、积极的还是负面的，不能只按“转弯”理解。

ambitransitive intransitive transitive

The crowd turned against the team after the mistake.

球队犯错后，人群转而反对他们。
common 转而采取

📖 表示改变原来的做法或路线，转而采用新的行动方式。

💡 常用“turn to + 人或方法”表示转向某人或某种办法寻求帮助，也可用 turn away from 表示放弃原来的方向。turn to 后面接名词或动名词，不要直接接动词原形。

reflexive

When the first plan failed, we turned to a simpler solution.

第一个方案失败后，我们转而采用了更简单的解决办法。
common 完成

📖 在某些工作或制作语境中，表示把任务、部件或作品做完。

💡 常见于“turn out + 数量或产品”以及“turn + 工作对象 + in”一类搭配，具体含义依短语而变。单独用 turn 表示“完成”较受语境限制，日常表达任务完成通常用 finish 或 complete。

transitive usually

The workshop can turn out fifty chairs a week.

这家工坊每周能制作出五十把椅子。
common 赚得；获利

📖 表示通过生意或某项活动赚到钱，常强调获得了一笔利润。

💡 常用“turn a profit”或“turn a pretty penny”，后面可接金额或利润。它常用于商业或非正式语境；不要把 turn a profit 与 earn a salary 混为一谈。

transitive

The small café turned a profit in its first year.

这家小咖啡馆第一年就实现了盈利。
rare 带球过人

📖 在足球等球类运动中，指球员控制球时绕过防守球员。

💡 通常用“turn + 对方球员”描述带球摆脱某人，主语必须是控球者。这个用法主要见于体育报道，普通对话中可改用 dribble past 或 beat。

transitive
rare 车削加工

📖 在车床上旋转加工材料，使其形成所需形状。

💡 主要用于机械加工语境，常见“turn + 材料”或“材料 + turn well”。不要把它与普通的“转动”混淆；日常技术说明也常用 machine 或 lathe。
rare 胎位倒转

📖 产科中指通过操作使子宫内胎儿的脚部转到适合分娩的位置。

💡 这是专业医疗用语，只能用于医生或医学资料语境。谈论具体医疗情况时应使用完整术语并由医务人员说明，不宜在日常对话中自行使用。
rare 临时倒用铅字

📖 印刷术语，指把同厚度的另一种铅字倒过来临时替代已经用完的字。

💡 这是过时的印刷行业用法，现代普通英语中几乎不会遇到。只在历史印刷资料或专业词源说明中保留，不要用于一般的“替代”。

dated
rare 翻译

📖 旧式英语中可表示把一部作品译成另一种语言。

💡 这是古旧用法，现代英语应使用 translate。遇到 turn + 作品名时，除非是历史文本，否则通常不要按“翻译”理解。

archaic
rare 驱退亡灵

📖 在角色扮演游戏等虚构规则中，指用魔法或神力驱退不死生物。

💡 主要出现在奇幻游戏规则和相关叙述中，常用作及物动词，后面接不死生物或亡灵。它不是现实宗教或日常英语中的普通用法。

transitive

turns present,singular,third-person turning participle,present turned participle,past turned past turnt obsolete,participle,past turnt obsolete,past turn first-person,present,singular turned first-person,past,singular turn present,second-person,singular turnest archaic,present,second-person,singular turned past,second-person,singular turnedst archaic,past,second-person,singular turneth archaic,present,singular,third-person turned past,singular,third-person turn plural,present turned past,plural turn present,subjunctive turned past,subjunctive turn imperative,present - imperative,past turnt archaic,participle,past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 38 组

twist suddenly so as to sprain; ; ;

同义词集: twist sprain wrench turn wrick rick

wrench one's ankle

The wrestler twisted his shoulder

the hikers sprained their ankles when they fell

I turned my ankle and couldn't walk for several days

上位: injure, wound

pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become;

同义词集: turn grow

The weather turned nasty

She grew angry

上位: change 下位: bald

change to the contrary; ;

同义词集: change by reversal turn reverse

The trend was reversed

the tides turned against him

public opinion turned when it was revealed that the president had an affair with a White House intern

上位: change 下位: alternate, commute, correct, exchange, flip, flip-flop, interchange, permute, rectify, regress, retrovert, return, revert, right, switch, switch over, tack, transpose, turn back, undo 参见: cut, switch off, turn off, turn out

undergo a transformation or a change of position or action;

同义词集: change state turn

We turned from Socialism to Capitalism

The people turned against the President when he stole the election

上位: change 下位: ameliorate, apparel, arouse, awake, awaken, become, better, boil, break, break loose, burn, burst forth, buy the farm, calm, calm down, cash in one's chips, catch fire, chill, chill out, choke, citrate, clabber, close, clot, clothe, coagulate, coke, combust, come alive, come to, conceive, concentrate, conflagrate, conk, cool, cool down, cool it, cool off, croak, curdle, decease, decline, decompress, die, discharge, disengage, dissolve, dress, drop dead, emancipate, empty, enclothe, erupt, exit, expire, explode, fade away, fade out, fall, ferment, fill, fill up, fit out, flourish, fluctuate, fly high, freeze, gain, garb, garment, get, get worse, give-up the ghost, go, habilitate, heat, heat up, hot up, ignite, improve, integrate, kick the bucket, liberate, loosen up, meliorate, melt off, open, open up, pass, pass away, perish, pop off, precipitate, prosper, put on, raiment, react, reduce, relapse, relax, resuscitate, revive, settle down, shut, simmer down, slenderize, slim, slim down, slow down, snuff it, sour, take fire, tense, tense up, thin, thrive, tog, unbend, unwind, wake, wake up, waken, work, worsen

become officially one year older

同义词集: turn

She is turning 50 this year

上位: age, get on, maturate, mature, senesce

change color

同义词集: turn

In Vermont, the leaves turn early

上位: color, colour, discolor, discolour, grow

taking a short walk out and back

同义词集: turn

we took a turn in the park

上位: walk

turning or twisting around (in place)

同义词集: twist turn

with a quick twist of his head he surveyed the room

上位: rotary motion, rotation

the act of turning away or in the opposite direction

同义词集: turn

he made an abrupt turn away from her

the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course

同义词集: turn turning

he took a turn to the right

下位: deflection, deflexion, deviation, digression, divagation, diversion, left, right, stem, stem turn, swerve, swerving, veering, version

(game) the activity of doing something in an agreed succession;

同义词集: turn play

it is my turn

it is still my play

上位: activity 下位: at-bat, attack, bat, down, innings, lead, move, ruff, start, starting, trick, trumping

go sour or spoil; ;

同义词集: sour turn ferment work

The milk has soured

The wine worked

The cream has turned--we have to throw it out

上位: change state

have recourse to or make an appeal or request for help or information to;

同义词集: call on turn

She called on her Representative to help her

She turned to her relatives for help

上位: appeal, invoke

direct at someone;

同义词集: turn

She turned a smile on me

They turned their flashlights on the car

上位: aim, direct, take, take aim, train

alter the functioning or setting of;

同义词集: turn

turn the dial to 10

turn the heat down

上位: control, operate

a favor for someone

同义词集: turn good turn

he did me a good turn

上位: favor, favour

cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form; ;

同义词集: flex bend deform twist turn

bend the rod

twist the dough into a braid

the strong man could turn an iron bar

下位: crank, dent, indent

let (something) fall or spill from a container

同义词集: turn release

turn the flour onto a plate

上位: channel, channelise, channelize, transfer, transmit, transport 下位: throw

shape by rotating on a lathe or cutting device or a wheel;

同义词集: turn

turn the legs of the table

turn the clay on the wheel

上位: form, shape

to break and turn over earth especially with a plow;

同义词集: plow plough turn

Farmer Jones plowed his east field last week

turn the earth in the Spring

上位: till 下位: disk, harrow, ridge

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense; ;

同义词集: turn

Turn towards me

The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face

She turned from herself and learned to listen to others' needs

上位: move 下位: about-face, avert, bend, circumvolve, coil, corkscrew, corner, curve, cut, deflect, deviate, divert, face, flip, flip over, gee, gyrate, overturn, pivot, port, roll, rotate, sheer, slew, slue, spiral, splay, spread out, swerve, swivel, tip over, toss, trend, tump over, turn away, turn out, turn over, twist, veer 参见: address, bend, deflect, turn away, turn to

pass to the other side of;

同义词集: turn move around

turn the corner

move around the obstacle

上位: go, locomote, move, travel

channel one's attention, interest, thought, or attention toward or away from something;

同义词集: turn

The pedophile turned to boys for satisfaction

people turn to mysticism at the turn of a millennium

上位: direct, send

to send or let go

同义词集: turn

They turned away the crowd at the gate of the governor's mansion

上位: direct, send

cause to move around a center so as to show another side of

同义词集: turn turn over

turn a page of a book

上位: displace, move 下位: leaf

cause to move around or rotate;

同义词集: turn

turn a key

turn your palm this way

上位: displace, move 下位: port

cause to move along an axis or into a new direction; ;

同义词集: turn

turn your face to the wall

turn the car around

turn your dance partner around

上位: displace, move

move around an axis or a center

同义词集: turn

The wheels are turning

上位: move 下位: go around, revolve, rotate

get by buying and selling

同义词集: turn

the company turned a good profit after a year

上位: acquire, get

accomplish by rotating;

同义词集: turn

turn a somersault

turn cartwheels

上位: do, perform

undergo a change or development; ;

同义词集: become turn

The water turned into ice

Her former friend became her worst enemy

He turned traitor

上位: metamorphose, transform, transmute 下位: add up, amount, boil down, choke, come, come down, reduce, suffocate

cause to change or turn into something different;assume new characteristics;

同义词集: turn

The princess turned the frog into a prince by kissing him

The alchemists tried to turn lead into gold

上位: alter, change, modify

a short performance that is part of a longer program; ;

同义词集: act routine number turn bit

he did his act three times every evening

she had a catchy little routine

it was one of the best numbers he ever did

上位: performance, public presentation 下位: show-stopper, showstopper, stopper

a movement in a new direction

同义词集: turning turn

the turning of the wind

上位: motion, movement 下位: coming back, gyration, return, reversal, revolution, rotation, swerve, turn around, yaw

an unforeseen development

同义词集: turn turn of events twist

events suddenly took an awkward turn

上位: development

a circular segment of a curve;

同义词集: bend crook twist turn

a bend in the road

a crook in the path

上位: curve, curved shape

(sports) a division during which one team is on the offensive

同义词集: turn bout round

上位: division, part, section 下位: bottom, bottom of the inning, top, top of the inning

a time period for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else);

同义词集: go spell tour turn

it's my go

a spell of work

上位: duty period, shift, work shift

🌳 词源

动词和名词都与“转动、车削成圆”的词源有关；动词经中古英语进入英语，名词一部分来自盎格鲁-诺曼语，另一部分由动词派生。

Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- Proto-Indo-European *-nos Proto-Indo-European *tórh₁nos Proto-Hellenic *tórnos Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos)bor. Latin tornus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin tornōbor. Proto-West Germanic *turnēn Old English turnian ▲ Latin tornō Old French tornerbor. Middle English turnen English turn From Middle English turnen, from Old English turnian, tyrnan (“to turn, rotate, revolve”), from Proto-West Germanic *turnēn (“to turn, lathe”) (also the source of German turnen and its derivatives) and Old French torner (“to turn”), both from Latin tornāre (“to round off, turn in a lathe”), from tornus (“lathe”), from Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos, “turning-lathe: a tool used for making circles”), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, rub by turning, turn, twist, bore”). Cognate with Old English þrāwan (“to turn, twist, wind”), whence English throw. Displaced native Middle English wenden from Old English wendan (see wend), and Middle English trenden from Old English trendan (see trend), among several other terms.

🔄 变式

- imperat turned 1st_sg turnedst archaic turnest archaic turneth archaic turning present turns plural turnt archaic

🏷 单词标签 & 词根