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tuberculosis
★
🇺🇸 /tʌbˌɚkjʌlˈoʊsɪs/
🇬🇧 /tjuːˌbɜː(ɹ)kjʊˈləʊsɪs/
指结核病，一种主要累及肺部、可通过空气传播的传染病。
💡 记忆钩子
可以把它记成“肺里长出小结节的传染病”：词源中的本义与“小肿块”有关，后来用来命名肺部出现结核结节的疾病；因此核心概念就是结核病本身，而不是泛指任何肺部感染。
📖 中文释义
noun
-
core 结核病📖 结核病是由结核分枝杆菌等分枝杆菌引起的传染病，最常见的是肺结核。它可以损害肺部并引起咳嗽、发热、体重下降等症状，也可能传播给其他人。💡 常用搭配是“患有 tuberculosis”“治疗 tuberculosis”“预防 tuberculosis”，以及“pulmonary tuberculosis”表示肺结核。谈疾病这一概念时通常用不可数形式，不要随意加复数；只有在强调不同病例、类型或统计数量时才可用复数。它属于医学和正式语境，日常表达中应根据上下文明确说的是肺结核还是其他部位的结核。countable uncountableEarly treatment can prevent tuberculosis from damaging the lungs.及早治疗可以防止结核病损害肺部。The clinic offers free tests for tuberculosis.这家诊所提供免费的结核病检测。
tuberculoses
plural
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 1 组
infection transmitted by inhalation or ingestion of tubercle bacilli and manifested in fever and small lesions (usually in the lungs but in various other parts of the body in acute stages)
同义词集:
tuberculosis
tb
t.b.
下位: consumption, phthisis, pulmonary tuberculosis, wasting disease, white plague
🌳 词源
来自新拉丁语 tuberculosis，源自表示“小肿块”的拉丁词 tuberculum，并加上表示“疾病状态”的后缀。19世纪中叶，这个科学名称逐渐取代了英语中强调身体消瘦的旧称。
To international scientific vocabulary from New Latin tūberculōsis, from Latin tūberculum (diminutive of tūber (“lump”)) + Latin -ōsis (“diseased condition”); by surface analysis, tubercul(um) + -osis; named for the encapsulated colonies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis within the lungs in pulmonary tuberculosis, which can look like small tubers (tubercles) on gross pathology. The disease has existed throughout human experience and had other names for millennia before scientific medicine renamed it with a New Latin term in the mid-19th century (1840s); in English it was called consumption because of the wasting away that consumed health and seemed even to consume flesh in some cases (for example, causing fistulas and tissue breakdown).
🔄 变式
tuberculoses
plural
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