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try
★★★★★
🇺🇸 /tɹˈaɪ/
🇬🇧 /tɹɑj/
try 的核心意思是“尝试”:可以指试着做某事,也可以指一次尝试;由“试一试”还发展出品尝、测试、努力应对等常见用法,另有若干体育和专业术语义。
💡 记忆钩子
把 try 想成把手伸向一个未知的按钮:先“试着做”是动词,按一次就是“一次尝试”这个名词;把食物送到嘴边是“尝一尝”,检查设备能否正常工作是“测试”,在困难面前继续按下去则是“努力应对”。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“试着做某事”和“试试某物”两条主线,再学习体育、编程等专业义。
- 不要把 try 一律理解成“尝试成功”;它通常只表示采取行动,不保证结果。
- try 与中文“试试看”相近,但 try to do 和 try doing 的含义重点不同:前者强调努力去做,后者常强调用某种方法试验。
📖 中文释义
adj
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rare 精美的;出色的📖 这是古旧形容词义,表示某物精美或质量出色,与现代英语中最常见的动词和名词 try 没有直接的日常用法联系。💡 多见于古英语诗歌或历史文献,现代英语中几乎不用。不要在普通写作中用它表示“好的”或“优秀的”。obsolete
more try
comparative
most try
superlative
noun
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core 尝试;试一试📖 try 可以指为了完成某事而进行的一次尝试,不说明这次尝试是否成功。它就是动词“试着做”的名词化结果。💡 常用模板是 give something a try、have a try 或 make another try。它是可数名词,表示一次具体尝试时通常要有冠词或限定词。不要把它误解为已经成功的“努力成果”。I gave unicycling a try, but I couldn't do it.我试着骑独轮车,但没能做到。Give it another try before you give up.放弃之前再试一次。
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common 尝试品尝;试用📖 这里的 try 是把某种食物、饮料或体验实际试一下,重点是“先体验看看”,不表示一定喜欢。💡 常用模板是 give something a try,也可以说 have a try of something;谈食物时,try something 更自然。不要只把它理解为努力完成任务,因为这里的对象往往是食物或新体验。I gave the spicy noodles a try, but they were too hot for me.我尝了尝辣面,但对我来说太辣了。
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common 橄榄球达阵得分📖 在橄榄球中,try 是一种得分方式,通常指球员把球带到或按到对方得分区。💡 这是橄榄球语境中的专门名词,常与 score、得分数量和比赛结果搭配。不要把这里的 try 翻成普通的“一次尝试”,应根据体育语境理解为一种得分。She scored her first try in today's match.她在今天的比赛中拿到了自己的第一个达阵得分。
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rare 筛粮用的筛子📖 这是英国方言或古旧用法,指用来筛分谷物的筛子,和 try 早期“分开、挑选”的词源线索有关。💡 只在方言、历史或古旧文本中出现,现代普通英语几乎不用。不要把普通的筛子都称为 try。UK dialectal obsolete
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common 美式橄榄球中的得分或附加分📖 在美式橄榄球相关语境中,try 可指一种得分机会或得分,具体含义要看比赛规则和上下文。💡 这是体育专业义,通常出现在比赛报道、规则说明或球队讨论中。它不能和日常的“一次尝试”混用;看到球队、得分或比赛语境时再采用此义。The team earned a try after the long drive.这支球队经过长时间推进后获得了一次得分机会。
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rare 国际象棋问题中的近解着法📖 在国际象棋问题中,try 指一种几乎能解题、但会被黑方唯一防守破解的着法。💡 只用于国际象棋问题的专业讨论,通常与解题、着法和防守分析搭配。普通棋局对话中不要把一般的试探性走法直接称为 try。
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common 异常处理代码块📖 在编程中,try 是一段可能产生异常、并准备交给后续处理机制的代码区域;它仍保留“先试着执行”的核心图像。💡 常用模板是 a try block 或 put something in a try block,通常与 catch 或异常处理一起出现。这里是编程术语,不是普通名词“尝试”的随意替换;不同语言的具体语法可能不同。Put the file-reading code in a try block.把读取文件的代码放进异常处理的尝试代码块中。
tries
plural
verb
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core 试着做;努力做📖 try to do 表示采取行动并努力完成某事,但结果可能成功也可能失败。这是 try 最核心、最常见的动词义。💡 常用模板是 try to do something,后面接动词原形;否定式是 not try to do。不要在这个结构后接动词的过去式,也不要以为 try to do 已经暗示做成了。I tried to open the window, but it was stuck.我试着打开窗户,但窗户卡住了。Try to arrive before dark.尽量在天黑前到达。
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rare 分开;分拣📖 这是古旧用法,指把东西彼此分开或挑出来,保留了“筛选、挑选”的早期词义。💡 现代英语中几乎不用,通常只在历史文本或词源材料中出现。现代语境应使用表示分开或分拣的其他常用动词。obsolete
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rare 把一种东西从另一种中分拣出来📖 这是 s2 的更具体古旧用法,指从混合物中挑出某一类东西,例如把野生谷物从好谷物中分开。💡 属于古旧农业或分拣语境,现代日常交流中不使用。不要把现代普通的分类动作都用 try 表达。obsolete
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common 试用;试验方法📖 try 可以表示采用某个办法或配方看看效果,重点是把它作为一种可能有效的方案来测试。💡 常用模板是 try something 或 try doing something;try doing 更强调试用某种方法。不要把它和 try to do 混为一谈,前者通常是“试试这个办法”,后者是“努力去做某事”。Try adding a little more water to the soup.试着再往汤里加一点水。
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common 考验;使难以承受📖 try someone or something 表示某事正在考验人的耐心、体力或承受力,像是在不断“测试”极限。💡 常用模板是 try someone's patience、try someone's nerves 或 try someone's strength。这里的宾语通常是人或人的某种能力,不是“试用某物”的意思。specificallyThe constant noise is trying my patience.持续不断的噪音正在考验我的耐心。
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common 试穿;试用以判断是否合适📖 这里是把某物实际拿来试一试,看看它是否适合自己或是否能达到预期效果,常用于衣物、工具或方案。💡 常用模板是 try something on 表示试穿,try something out 表示试用或测试。不要漏掉 on 或 out,因为它们可能改变表达的具体重点。figurativelyTry this jacket on and see if it fits.试穿一下这件夹克,看看合不合身。
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common 试验;努力探索📖 try 也可以表示主动探索某种经历、环境或做法,带有“勇于试试看”的意味。💡 常用模板是 try something new、try a different approach 或 try doing something。语气可以很普通,也可以表示在困难情况下积极寻找办法;不要误解为保证探索结果理想。Let's try a different route home tonight.今晚我们试试走另一条路回家。
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rare 古旧问候语📖 这是古旧用法,出现在类似问候的表达中,意义接近“你过得怎么样”。💡 只在历史文本或仿古语言中出现,现代英语问候不能这样说。学习时只需识别,不必主动使用。obsolete
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rare 委婉表达性行为📖 这是委婉或特定语境中的俚语用法,指发生性行为。💡 只在明确的俚语或成人语境中出现,可能显得粗俗或冒犯。普通交流中不要根据 try 的常见义随意推断这种含义。euphemistic
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rare 逆风航行以维持航向📖 这是航海术语,指在恶劣天气中借助恰到好处的帆力,让船头保持迎风方向。💡 只用于航海技术语境,通常与船、帆、风向和恶劣天气搭配。现代日常英语中的 try 不具有这个具体航海义。
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common 使过度受考验;损伤📖 try 可以表示某种光线、压力或负担过度考验身体或物体,例如强光使眼睛难受。💡 常用模板是 something tries the eyes、the nerves 或 the system。这个用法比“试着做”更书面或描述性,宾语通常是身体部位、耐力或系统。The glare from the snow really tries my eyes.雪地反射的强光真让我的眼睛难受。
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rare 想要;愿意📖 在部分俚语,尤其特定美国黑人口语中,try 可表示想要或愿意做某事,和标准英语常见的“尝试”义不同。💡 这是地域和社群色彩很强的俚语用法,不适合学习者主动泛化到正式或普通场合。遇到 try to hear、try to deal with 等表达时,要结合上下文判断是否是“想要”而非“试着”。slang
tries
present,singular,third-person
trying
participle,present
tried
participle,past
tried
past
try
first-person,present,singular
tried
first-person,past,singular
try
present,second-person,singular
triest
archaic,present,second-person,singular
tried
past,second-person,singular
triedst
archaic,past,second-person,singular
trieth
archaic,present,singular,third-person
tried
past,singular,third-person
try
plural,present
tried
past,plural
try
present,subjunctive
tried
past,subjunctive
try
imperative,present
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imperative,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 10 组
put on a garment in order to see whether it fits and looks nice
同义词集:
try on
try
Try on this sweater to see how it looks
上位: assume, don, get into, put on, wear
melt (fat or lard) in order to separate out impurities;
同义词集:
try
render
try the yak butter
render fat in a casserole
上位: melt, melt down, run
earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something; ;
同义词集:
attempt
effort
endeavor
endeavour
try
made an effort to cover all the reading material
wished him luck in his endeavor
she gave it a good try
上位: activity
下位: batting, battle, best, bid, contribution, crack, essay, fling, foray, go, liberation, nisus, offer, pains, part, pass, play, power play, run, seeking, share, shot, squeeze, squeeze play, stab, strain, striving, struggle, test, trial, whirl, worst
take a sample of;
同义词集:
sample
try
try out
taste
Try these new crackers
Sample the regional dishes
上位: consume, have, ingest, take, take in
test the limits of
同义词集:
try
strain
stress
You are trying my patience!
下位: rack
give pain or trouble to
同义词集:
try
I've been sorely tried by these students
上位: anguish, hurt, pain
examine or hear (evidence or a case) by judicial process;
同义词集:
hear
try
The jury had heard all the evidence
The case will be tried in California
上位: examine, probe
put on trial or hear a case and sit as the judge at the trial of;
同义词集:
judge
adjudicate
try
The football star was tried for the murder of his wife
The judge tried both father and son in separate trials
上位: decide, determine, make up one's mind
make an effort or attempt; ; ; ;
同义词集:
try
seek
attempt
essay
assay
He tried to shake off his fears
The infant had essayed a few wobbly steps
The police attempted to stop the thief
He sought to improve himself
She always seeks to do good in the world
上位: act, move
下位: adventure, chance, endeavor, endeavour, fight, gamble, hazard, lay on the line, put on the line, risk, run a risk, strive, struggle, take a chance, take chances
参见: essay, examine, prove, test, try out
put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to;
同义词集:
test
prove
try
try out
examine
essay
This approach has been tried with good results
Test this recipe
上位: evaluate, judge, pass judgment
下位: control, field-test, float, verify
🌳 词源
动词和名词来自中古英语,源自古法语,早期含有“分开、挑选、评估、审理”的意思;形容词义可能来自古法语。
From Middle English trien (“to separate out, sift, choose, select, evaluate, try a legal case”), from Anglo-Norman trier, triher, triere (“to divide, separate, choose, select, prove, determine, try a case”), Old French trier (“to choose, pick out or separate from others, sift, cull”), of uncertain origin. Cognate with Occitan triar (“to choose, sort, scrutinise, peel”), Catalan triar (“to pick, choose, decide”). Suggested to be derived from Late Latin *trītāre (“to crush, grind, trample, wear out”), itself derived from Classical Latin trītus (“rubbed, worn down, pulverised”), the past participle of terō, terere (“to rub, wear down, trample”), though this derivation is incompatible with the Occitan form. Additionally, the shift in meaning from "rub, crush, trample" to "pick out, choose, cull" is difficult to explain. One suggestion is that the semantic shift might have originated from a Latin phrase *granum terere ("to tread the corn (in threshing)"; compare Latin trītūra (“rubbing, chafing, friction" also "threshing”)), which has a parallel in the modern French trier le grain (“to sort the grain”). Alternatively, perhaps derived from Vulgar Latin *trīāre, a metathetic alteration of *tīrāre (“to tear off, pull, draw”), whence also Old French tirer (“to draw, pull, pluck, tug, peck at, extract”), Occitan tirar (“to take, draw, retrieve, remove, extract”).
Replaced native Middle English cunnen (“to try”) (from Old English cunnian), Middle English fandien (“to try, prove”) (from Old English fandian), and Middle English costnien (“to try, tempt, test”) (from Old English costnian).
🔄 变式
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imperat
more try
compar
most try
superl
tried
1st_sg
triedst
archaic
tries
plural
triest
archaic
trieth
archaic
trying
present
🏷 单词标签 & 词根