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transportation
★★
🇺🇸 /tɹˌænspɚtˈeɪʃʌn/
🇬🇧 /tɹænspɔːˈteɪʃən/
主要指运送人或货物的行为、过程及交通运输方式,也可指交通工具;在历史语境中还可指流放,在美国英语中偶尔指车票或车费。
💡 记忆钩子
把人或货物从一个地方送到另一个地方,就是“运输”:这个过程或整个系统叫 transportation,具体用来移动人的车也可以这样叫;在历史语境中,被“送走”会引申为流放,在美国英语的少数用法中,安排好的这段交通还可以指车票或车费。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“交通运输、运输方式”这一核心义,再根据上下文理解“交通工具”等延伸义。
- 不要把 transportation 只理解成某一辆车;它通常指运输这一过程、系统或方式。
📖 中文释义
noun
-
core 交通运输;运输过程📖 指把人或货物从一个地方运到另一个地方的行为、过程,或由道路、车辆等组成的交通运输方式。这里强调的是“运送”这件事及其整体安排,而不只是某一辆车。💡 常用“transportation to/from 某地”“public transportation”或“alternative forms of transportation”等结构。它通常是不可数名词,表示一般交通或运输方式时不加复数;若谈具体车辆、线路或班次,应换用更具体的名词。uncountable usuallyPublic transportation is the easiest way to get around the city.公共交通是游览这座城市最方便的方式。We need better transportation for people living outside the city.我们需要为住在城外的人提供更好的交通条件。
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rare 流放;发配📖 在历史语境中,指把犯人运送到海外惩罚性殖民地服刑;它仍保留了“被送到别处”的核心概念。💡 常见于历史叙述中的“sentence to transportation”结构,表示被判处流放。这个义项带有明显的历史色彩,不要在现代普通交通语境中使用;现代的“流放”通常用更直接的词表达。historical uncountable usually
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common 交通工具📖 在美国英语的非正式用法中,指实际用来载人或移动的车辆,例如汽车;这是从“运输方式”具体化来的用法。💡 常见于非正式的“nice transportation”或“use something as transportation”结构。该义项主要见于美国英语,语气可以随上下文很随意;正式表达中,最好直接说汽车、卡车等具体车辆,以免别人理解成交通系统。US uncountable usuallyThat is some nice transportation, but the brake lights are broken.这车真不错,不过刹车灯坏了。
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rare 车票;车费📖 在美国英语的少数用法中,指已经安排好的交通票据或乘车费用,也就是“这段运送的凭证或费用”。💡 通常出现在“get or have transportation to 某地”这类旧式或特定语境中。这个义项并非现代美国英语中的常用说法;日常表达车票或车费时,应分别使用更明确的词。US uncountable usually
transportations
plural
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 6 组
the act of expelling a person from their native land; ; ;
同义词集:
exile
deportation
expatriation
transportation
men in exile dream of hope
his deportation to a penal colony
the expatriation of wealthy farmers
the sentence was one of transportation for life
上位: banishment, proscription
the act of moving something from one location to another
同义词集:
transportation
transport
transfer
transferral
conveyance
上位: movement
下位: airlift, bringing, carry, connection, connexion, delivery, drive, lift, relocation, resettlement, teleportation
the commercial enterprise of moving goods and materials
同义词集:
transportation
shipping
transport
上位: business, business enterprise, commercial enterprise
下位: express, expressage, ferry, ferrying, freight, freightage, hauling, navigation, truckage, trucking
a facility consisting of the means and equipment necessary for the movement of passengers or goods
同义词集:
transportation system
transportation
transit
上位: facility, installation
the United States federal department that institutes and coordinates national transportation programs; created in 1966
同义词集:
department of transportation
transportation
dot
the sum charged for riding in a public conveyance
同义词集:
fare
transportation
上位: charge
下位: airfare
🌳 词源
由 transport 加后缀 -ation 构成,核心概念是“运送、转移”。
Proto-Indo-European *terh₂-der.
Proto-Indo-European *térh₂t
Proto-Indo-European *-ónts
Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂ónts
Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂n̥ts
Proto-Italic *trāns
Proto-Italic *trāns-
Latin trāns-
Proto-Indo-European *per-
Proto-Indo-European *-téh₂
Proto-Indo-European *pr̥téh₂
Proto-Italic *portā
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.
Proto-Italic *-ājō
Proto-Italic *-āō
Proto-Italic *portāō
Latin portō
Latin trānsportāreder.
Old French transporterbor.
Middle English transporten
English transport
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Proto-Indo-European *-Hō
Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō
Proto-Italic *-tiō
Latin -tiō
Latin -ātiōlbor.
Old French -ationbor.
Middle English -acioun
English -ation
English transportation
From transport + -ation.
🔄 变式
transportations
plural
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