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transport
★★★★
🇺🇸 /tɹænspˈɔɹt/
🇬🇧 /tɹænsˈpɔːt/
transport既可表示把人或物从一处运到另一处的过程、工具或运输系统,也可表示在强烈情感中被“带走”。
💡 记忆钩子
把transport想成“跨过去搬运”:最基本是把货物、人或军队从这里带到那里,因此可以指运输行为、运载工具和一地的交通运输系统;这个“被带走”的画面也延伸到被音乐或强烈情感带入忘我的状态。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握名词“运输、交通工具”和动词“运送”这条主线,再认识较书面或历史性的情感、流放义。
- 不要把transport只理解成“交通”;它也常指具体的一辆运输工具,作动词时还可表示“运送某物或某人”。
📖 中文释义
noun
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core 运输;运送📖 指把货物、人或其他东西从一个地方运到另一个地方这一行为或过程,重点在“搬运过去”本身。💡 常用“the transport of + 货物或人员”或“transport costs”这类结构;泛指运输活动时通常不可数。不要把它误当成只表示车辆,强调某件物品或人员被运送的过程时用这个义项。countable uncountableThe transport of the furniture will take two days.这些家具的运输需要两天。
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rare 狂喜;忘我📖 指因惊喜、感动等强烈情绪而仿佛被带离日常状态,进入忘我的兴奋之中;这是较书面的用法。💡 常见于“in a transport of joy/delight”这类书面模式,通常描述人在强烈情绪中的状态。现代日常交流中很少这样使用,学习时先识别它,不必优先主动使用。不要把它和普通的“运输”义混为一谈。countable uncountable
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common 运输工具📖 指用来运送乘客、邮件、货物或部队的工具,可以是车辆,也可以是承担运输任务的其他运载工具。💡 常用“a transport”或“military transport”表示一件具体的运输工具,泛指某类工具时可用不可数形式。它强调工具承担运送任务,不一定等于日常所说的公共交通。看到“transport aircraft”或类似搭配时,应理解为运输用途的工具,而不是“运输这个动作”。countable uncountableA transport arrived to take the supplies to the island.一辆运输车到了,要把物资送到岛上。
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rare 牵引车挂车;大型货车📖 在加拿大英语中,transport还可专指牵引车和挂车组成的大型货运车辆。💡 这是加拿大地区的可数用法,通常指一辆具体的大型货运车。非加拿大语境中不要默认听者会把transport理解成这个义项,必要时用更明确的车辆名称。Canada countable uncountable
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common 交通运输系统📖 指某个地区用来运送乘客等的整体系统,包括相关车辆和服务,而不只是一次运输。💡 常用“public transport”“local transport”或“transport system”表示公共、当地或整体交通系统;在英国英语中尤其常见。泛指系统时通常不可数,谈不同地区或不同类型的系统时才可能用复数。不要把它和只指一辆车的用法混淆。countable uncountablePublic transport is reliable in this city.这座城市的公共交通很可靠。
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rare 录音带传送机构📖 在录音机或录像机中,负责让磁带经过读写磁头的机械装置;这是技术义。💡 通常出现在电子设备维修或技术说明中,常与“tape recorder”或“video recorder”一起出现。这里指设备内部的传送机构,不是一般意义上的交通工具或运输系统。日常学习中只需能在技术语境里辨认。countable uncountable
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rare 被流放的罪犯📖 历史上指被押送到刑罚殖民地服刑的罪犯,源于把人强制运送到远方的做法。💡 这是历史语境中的名词,常见于有关殖民地流放制度的叙述。现代语境中不要用它指普通囚犯或被驱逐者,通常只需阅读时识别。countable historical uncountable
transports
plural
verb
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core 运送;运输📖 指把人、货物或其他东西从一个地方带到另一个地方,是“跨过去搬运”这一核心动作。💡 常用“transport + 宾语 + to + 地点”或“transport + 宾语 + from A to B”,例如说明货物如何送达。它比只说“带着走”更正式,不能漏掉被运送的宾语;说人被运送时也不要误解为说话者亲自搬运。The company transports fresh food to restaurants every morning.这家公司每天早上把新鲜食品运到餐馆。The injured hikers were transported to hospital.受伤的徒步者被送往医院。
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rare 流放到刑罚殖民地📖 历史上指把罪犯强制送往刑罚殖民地服刑,是“运送”义在刑罚制度中的特殊用法。💡 通常用于历史叙述,常见于被动结构“be transported to + 地点”。现代英语中不要用它表示普通的押送、驱逐或遣返,除非语境明确涉及历史上的刑罚殖民地。historical
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common 使陶醉;使忘我📖 指音乐、艺术或强烈情感把人的心绪“带走”,使人暂时沉浸其中、忘记周围的事情。💡 常用“be transported by + 音乐、艺术或情感来源”或“transport someone to + 想象中的地方”,多见于书面或文学表达。这里通常不是实际移动,而是比喻人的精神状态发生改变;不要把它和普通的“运送某人到某地”混为一谈。figurativelyThe violin solo transported the audience to another world.小提琴独奏使听众仿佛进入了另一个世界。
transports
present,singular,third-person
transporting
participle,present
transported
participle,past
transported
past
transport
first-person,present,singular
transported
first-person,past,singular
transport
present,second-person,singular
transportest
archaic,present,second-person,singular
transported
past,second-person,singular
transportedst
archaic,past,second-person,singular
transporteth
archaic,present,singular,third-person
transported
past,singular,third-person
transport
plural,present
transported
past,plural
transport
present,subjunctive
transported
past,subjunctive
transport
imperative,present
-
imperative,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 11 组
the act of moving something from one location to another
同义词集:
transportation
transport
transfer
transferral
conveyance
上位: movement
下位: airlift, bringing, carry, connection, connexion, delivery, drive, lift, relocation, resettlement, teleportation
the commercial enterprise of moving goods and materials
同义词集:
transportation
shipping
transport
上位: business, business enterprise, commercial enterprise
下位: express, expressage, ferry, ferrying, freight, freightage, hauling, navigation, truckage, trucking
send from one person or place to another
同义词集:
transmit
transfer
transport
channel
channelize
channelise
transmit a message
上位: displace, move
下位: bring, convey, fetch, get, project, propagate, release, send, send out, translate, turn
move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body; ; ;
同义词集:
transport
carry
You must carry your camping gear
carry the suitcases to the car
This train is carrying nuclear waste
These pipes carry waste water into the river
上位: displace, move
下位: bear, bring, bucket, cart, chariot, convey, drive, fly, haul, lug, motor, pack, port, porter, return, shoulder, take, tote, tug
hold spellbound
同义词集:
enchant
enrapture
transport
enthrall
ravish
enthral
delight
上位: delight, please
transport commercially
同义词集:
transport
send
ship
上位: displace, move
下位: barge, despatch, dispatch, forward, railroad, send off, send on
参见: despatch, dispatch, forward, send off, send on
move something or somebody around; usually over long distances
同义词集:
transport
上位: displace, move
下位: bus, ferry, float, freight, lighter, pipe, raft, rail, sledge, teleport, truck, wheel, wheel around
something that serves as a means of transportation
同义词集:
conveyance
transport
上位: instrumentality, instrumentation
下位: aerial tramway, cable tramway, cargo ships, dolly, lift, litter, mail, merchant marine, merchant vessels, ropeway, shipping, ski lift, ski tow, trailer, tram, tramway, vehicle
a mechanism that transports magnetic tape across the read/write heads of a tape playback/recorder
同义词集:
tape drive
tape transport
transport
上位: mechanism
an exchange of molecules (and their kinetic energy and momentum) across the boundary between adjacent layers of a fluid or across cell membranes
同义词集:
transport
上位: diffusion
a state of being carried away by overwhelming emotion; - Charles Dickens
同义词集:
ecstasy
rapture
transport
exaltation
raptus
listening to sweet music in a perfect rapture
上位: emotional state, spirit
🌳 词源
源自拉丁语,原意是“从一边搬运到另一边”;词中的跨越和搬运概念保留在现代各义项中。
Proto-Indo-European *terh₂-der.
Proto-Indo-European *térh₂t
Proto-Indo-European *-ónts
Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂ónts
Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂n̥ts
Proto-Italic *trāns
Proto-Italic *trāns-
Latin trāns-
Proto-Indo-European *per-
Proto-Indo-European *-téh₂
Proto-Indo-European *pr̥téh₂
Proto-Italic *portā
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.
Proto-Italic *-ājō
Proto-Italic *-āō
Proto-Italic *portāō
Latin portō
Latin trānsportāreder.
Old French transporterbor.
Middle English transporten
English transport
Inherited from Middle English transporten, a borrowing from Old French transporter (“carry or convey across”), from Latin trānsportāre (“to carry over, take across, carry, convey, remove, transport”), from trāns- (“across, over, to the farther side of”) + portō (“to bear, carry, convey, take”). By surface analysis, trans- (“beyond, across, through”) + port (“to carry, bear, or convey; to bring”).
🔄 变式
-
imperat
transported
1st_sg
transportedst
archaic
transportest
archaic
transporteth
archaic
transporting
present
transports
plural
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