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testify
★★
🇺🇸 /tˈɛstʌfˌaɪ/
testify 的核心意思是“作证、证明”:人可以在正式场合提供证词,也可以根据亲身经历或信念陈述事实;事物则可以作为证据,表明某种情况。
💡 记忆钩子
把 testify 想成“站出来让事实留下证词”:人站在法庭上作证,凭亲身所知或信念陈述;进一步看,某个事实或现象也能“替事实作证”,成为某种情况的证据。
📝 学习建议
- 不要因为它和 test 形似就理解成“测试”;testify 主要是“作证、证明”。
- 学习时先掌握“在法庭上作证”和“某事证明某情况”这两个主干,再理解根据个人经历或信念陈述的用法。
📖 中文释义
verb
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core 在宣誓下作证📖 指人在法庭或其他正式调查中宣誓后陈述自己知道的事实,并提供证据或证词。这个意思带有明确的法律或正式场合色彩,常常涉及支持或指控某一方。💡 常见模式是“testify in court”或“testify against someone”,分别表示“出庭作证”和“指证某人”;也可以说“testify under oath”,强调在宣誓后作证。它通常是不及物用法,不能直接把被指证的人当作宾语而省略介词。不要把 testify 理解成“接受测试”,也不要把 testify against 误译成“反对某人”。ambitransitiveShe agreed to testify against the man who had threatened her.她同意出庭指证那个威胁过她的人。The witness testified in court under oath.证人在法庭上宣誓作证。
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common 根据所知或信念作陈述📖 指人根据自己的亲身经历、观察或信仰,郑重地说出自己认为真实的事情;不一定发生在法庭上,但仍比普通的“说”更有见证或郑重陈述的意味。💡 常见模式是“testify that...”或“testify to something”,表示郑重说明某事属实;“testify to”后面还可以接某种品质或事实。这个用法比法律意义宽,常见于宗教、演讲和正式书面语中。中文使用者容易把它泛化成普通的“说”,但它通常暗含亲身见证、郑重保证或信仰表达。ambitransitiveSeveral residents testified that the road had been unsafe for years.几位居民都郑重说明,这条路多年来一直不安全。
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common 证明,表明📖 指某个事实、现象或结果本身成为证据,表明另一件事确实存在或曾经发生;这里不是人开口作证,而是事物在“替事实作证”。💡 常见模式是“something testifies to something”或“something testifies that...”,主语通常是事实、遗迹、数据或结果。这个用法较正式,尤其常见于历史、学术和新闻文字中。不要把它当作简单的“导致”或“说明某人说了什么”,重点是主语本身提供了证据。ambitransitiveThe old walls testify to the town's long history.这些古老的城墙证明了这座城镇悠久的历史。
testifies
present,singular,third-person
testifying
participle,present
testified
participle,past
testified
past
testify
first-person,present,singular
testified
first-person,past,singular
testify
present,second-person,singular
testifiest
archaic,present,second-person,singular
testified
past,second-person,singular
testifiedst
archaic,past,second-person,singular
testifieth
archaic,present,singular,third-person
testified
past,singular,third-person
testify
plural,present
testified
past,plural
testify
present,subjunctive
testified
past,subjunctive
testify
imperative,present
-
imperative,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 2 组
give testimony in a court of law
同义词集:
testify
attest
take the stand
bear witness
上位: declare
下位: vouch
provide evidence for;
同义词集:
testify
bear witness
prove
evidence
show
The blood test showed that he was the father
Her behavior testified to her incompetence
上位: inform
下位: abduce, adduce, attest, certify, cite, demonstrate, evidence, manifest, presume
🌳 词源
源自拉丁语 testificārī“作证”,由表示“证人”的词和表示“做”的词组成,原意接近“成为证人并作证”。
PIE word
*tréyes
From Middle English testifien, borrowed from Old French testifier, from Latin testificārī (“to bear witness”), from testis (“a witness”) + facere (“to make”). See -fy.
🔄 变式
-
imperat
testified
1st_sg
testifiedst
archaic
testifies
present
testifiest
archaic
testifieth
archaic
testifying
present
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