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tell
★★★★★
🇺🇸 /tˈɛl/
tell 主要表示“说出、讲述、告知”,也可表示“辨认出来”或“无意中暴露信息”;作名词时还可指暴露秘密的细节、聊天私信,以及考古学中的古代遗址土丘。
💡 记忆钩子
把 tell 想成“把心里的数目或信息说出来”:先是把事情讲给别人听,再进一步告诉、命令别人;信息一旦说出,也就可能暴露秘密,因此名词 tell 可以指一个泄密的举动或线索。由“说出信息”还引申出“看出、辨认出某事”,而考古学里的 tell 则是完全不同的词源,指覆盖古代遗址的土丘。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“告诉、讲述、说出”和“辨认出”这两条主线,再学习名词 tell 的“泄密线索”义。
- 不要把 tell 只理解成“说”;在“tell the difference”和“tell whether...”中,它表示“辨别、判断”,不是单纯说话。
- 名词 tell 的“泄密线索”义常见于非正式语境,和动词“告诉”不是同一个句法用法。
📖 中文释义
name
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common 姓氏📖 Tell 可以作为英语姓氏使用,表示某个人或家族的姓。💡 通常出现在全名中,例如“名 + Tell”或“Tell + 名”的姓名结构,具体顺序取决于命名习惯。作为姓氏时首字母必须大写,不能按普通动词“告诉”来理解。Ms. Tell will speak at the meeting.Tell 女士将在会议上发言。
Tells
plural
noun
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core 泄密动作或习惯📖 tell 指人在紧张或试图欺骗时不自觉表现出的习惯动作或反应,这种反应会让别人看出他想隐藏的信息,例如说谎时反复摸脸。💡 常用结构是“have a tell”或“his/her tell is...”,表示某人有某种固定的泄密表现。这个义项多用于牌局、审问和谈论欺骗的非正式语境,不要把它误解为普通的“说话”。Her tell is that she touches her hair whenever she is bluffing.她一诈唬就摸头发,这就是她暴露自己的习惯动作。The detective watched for a tell in the suspect's face.侦探留意着嫌疑人脸上是否出现泄密的细节。
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common 泄密线索📖 tell 也可以泛指某个无意中暴露秘密、真实情况或假货的细节;它不一定是人的动作,也可以是物品或行为上的破绽。💡 常用结构是“a tell that...”或“a tell of...”,也常说“give away a tell”。这是非正式用法,适合日常评论、牌局和鉴别真伪等场合,正式文章中可改用“线索”或“迹象”等更明确的词。informalThe uneven stitching was a tell that the bag was fake.缝线不均匀是这只包是假货的一个破绽。
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rare 讲述的内容📖 在古旧用法中,tell 可以指已经讲出的故事、叙述或说明,相当于“一段讲述”。💡 通常只在旧文学、历史文本或仿古表达中出现。现代英语一般用“story”“account”或“tale”来表示故事或叙述,不要主动把 tell 当作普通名词使用。archaic
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common 聊天私信📖 在聊天室或某些网络平台中,tell 指只发给某一个人的私密消息,也就是其他人看不到的私信。💡 常见结构是“send someone a tell”或“get a tell from someone”。这是网络用语,平台不同也可能使用“private message”或“direct message”,不要把它和公开发言混为一谈。InternetSend me a tell if you need help.如果你需要帮助,就给我发私信。
tells
plural
noun
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rare 古代遗址土丘📖 考古学中的 tell 是由一层层古代聚落遗迹堆积而成的土丘,常见于中东地区;它不是“讲述”或“泄密线索”的引申义。💡 常用结构是“a tell near...”或“the tell of...”,并且通常和具体遗址名称一起出现。它属于专业历史、考古语境,普通会话中很少使用。
tells
plural
verb
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rare 数数或计算📖 tell 在古旧用法中表示数数、计算或逐项清点;现代英语通常只在固定表达中留下这一痕迹。💡 现代常见的是“All told”表示“总共、合计”,以及“tell the time”表示“看懂钟表上的时间”。除了这些固定表达,表示数数通常用“count”,不要把 tell 当作普通的“数”。transitive
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core 讲述故事📖 tell 表示把一件事按语言讲给别人听,重点是传达一段故事、经历或经过;它把心里的内容“说出来”,正是 tell 的主线。💡 常用结构是“tell a story/joke”或“tell someone a story”,也就是“tell + 人 + 内容”。直接说“tell someone”时往往还需要补充内容或从上下文中可以明确内容,不能照搬中文“告诉某人”而漏掉必要信息。ditransitive transitiveGrandpa told us a funny story after dinner.晚饭后,爷爷给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。She told me what happened at school.她告诉了我学校里发生的事情。
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core 说出或告诉📖 tell 表示用语言把事实、意见、谎话等传达出去,重点是让别人听到某个信息;因此可以是告诉真相,也可以是说谎。💡 常用结构是“tell someone something”和“tell someone that...”,其中人通常直接放在 tell 后面;不能说成“tell to someone”。否定句中“tell the truth”和“tell a lie”分别表示说真话和说谎,搭配要整体记忆。ditransitive transitivePlease tell me the truth.请告诉我真相。He told his parents that he was tired.他告诉父母自己累了。
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common 告知或说明方法📖 tell 表示向别人提供需要知道的信息,尤其是说明事情怎么做、在哪里或什么时候发生。💡 常用结构是“tell someone how/where/when/why...”或“tell someone about...”。这里的 tell 强调把信息交给对方,不一定是长篇讲述;“tell me how to...”后面接“疑问词 + 不定式”很常见。transitiveCan you tell me how to reset the password?你能告诉我怎么重置密码吗?
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common 命令某人做事📖 tell 可以表示直接向某人下指示或命令,让对方做或不做某事;这里不是单纯传递信息,而是要求行动。💡 常用结构是“tell someone to do something”或“tell someone not to do something”。不要在 tell 和人之间加“to”;语气可以很直接,礼貌程度取决于上下文和 please 等表达。transitiveThe coach told us to warm up before the game.教练让我们比赛前先热身。
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core 辨认或判断📖 tell 也表示通过观察或比较看出差别、辨认身份或判断某种情况,相当于“看得出来”;这是从“把信息说出来”扩展到“从迹象中读出信息”。💡 常用结构是“tell the difference between A and B”“tell whether...”和“tell if...”。这里不是“告诉别人差别”,而是“自己辨认出差别”;“I can’t tell”常表示“我看不出来或无法判断”。intransitive transitiveCan you tell the difference between these two colors?你能分辨出这两种颜色的区别吗?I couldn't tell whether he was joking.我看不出他是不是在开玩笑。
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common 揭示或暴露📖 tell 表示某个事实、迹象或时间最终把隐藏的信息显露出来;信息不一定由人主动说出,也可能是事情本身暴露的。💡 常用结构是“time will tell...”和“...tells us/shows...”。主语常是时间、结果或迹象,宾语可以是一个事实或从句;不要只把它理解为某人开口说话。transitiveOnly time will tell whether the plan will work.这个计划是否有效,只有时间才能说明。
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common 显露出来📖 tell 作不及物动词时,可以表示某种状态或情绪从人的表现中显露出来,重点是信息自己“露出来”了。💡 常见结构是“it tells”或“something is telling”,但这一义项多出现在较正式或文学性的叙述中。现代日常表达常改用“show”“be obvious”或“be apparent”,不要和“tell someone”句型混淆。intransitiveHer tired face told after a week of late nights.连续熬夜一周后,她疲惫的脸色显露了出来。
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common 产生明显影响📖 tell 可以表示某种伤势、压力或困难开始产生看得见的影响,常含有“影响终于显现出来”的意思。💡 常见结构是“something begins/starts to tell”,主语通常是伤势、疲劳、压力或时间。这个用法偏书面或叙事性,不能直接把 tell 换成普通的“告诉”。intransitiveThe long hours were beginning to tell on her health.长时间工作开始对她的健康产生明显影响。
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rare 用珠子辅助祈祷📖 在宗教语境中,tell 可表示用念珠等珠子帮助自己数祈祷次数;它仍保留了“逐个计算”的古老痕迹。💡 这是非常边缘的宗教或历史用法,现代学习者通常只需在阅读古旧文本时识别。日常英语中表示祈祷不会使用这个动词义项。transitive
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common 向权威告发📖 在儿童用语中,tell 可以表示把别人做错事的情况告诉老师、家长等权威人物,也就是“告状”。💡 常见结构是“tell on someone”,而不是只说“tell someone”。这个用法带有儿童口吻或责备意味,成人正式语境应根据情况改用“report”或“inform”,不要把它和普通的“告诉某人”混为一谈。childish intransitiveDon't tell on me for taking the last cookie.别因为我拿了最后一块饼干就去告我的状。
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rare 叙述而非展示📖 在写作和影视评论中,tell 指直接把信息讲出来,而不是通过人物行动、画面或细节让读者自己看出来;它常和 show 对比。💡 常见结构是“show, don't tell”或“more telling than showing”。这是写作、电影和文学评论术语,通常不用于普通叙述;学习时把它理解为“直接说明”即可。intransitive
tells
present,singular,third-person
telling
participle,present
told
participle,past
told
past
telled
dialectal,participle,past
telled
dialectal,past
tell
first-person,present,singular
told
first-person,past,singular
tell
present,second-person,singular
tellest
archaic,present,second-person,singular
told
past,second-person,singular
toldest
archaic,past,second-person,singular
telleth
archaic,present,singular,third-person
told
past,singular,third-person
tell
plural,present
told
past,plural
tell
present,subjunctive
told
past,subjunctive
tell
imperative,present
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imperative,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 9 组
mark as different
同义词集:
distinguish
separate
differentiate
secern
secernate
severalize
severalise
tell
tell apart
We distinguish several kinds of maple
上位: identify, place
下位: contrast, discriminate, know, know apart, label, separate, sex, single out
discern or comprehend
同义词集:
tell
He could tell that she was unhappy
上位: guess, infer
give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority; ;
同义词集:
order
tell
enjoin
say
I said to him to go home
She ordered him to do the shopping
The mother told the child to get dressed
上位: request
下位: call, command, direct, instruct, prescribe, require, send for, warn
let something be known
同义词集:
tell
Tell them that you will be late
上位: inform
下位: air, announce, annunciate, bare, bespeak, betoken, break, bring out, digress, disclose, discover, divagate, divulge, expose, foretell, give, give away, harbinger, herald, impart, indicate, ingeminate, iterate, leave, let on, let out, pass on, point, publicise, publicize, reiterate, repeat, restate, retell, reveal, signal, spill, stray, talk, uncover, unwrap, wander
narrate or give a detailed account of;
同义词集:
tell
narrate
recount
recite
Tell what happened
The father told a story to his child
上位: inform
下位: crack, relate, yarn
give evidence
同义词集:
tell
evidence
he was telling on all his former colleague
上位: inform
参见: discern, distinguish, make out, pick out, recognise, recognize, spot, tell apart
express in words; ; ;
同义词集:
state
say
tell
He said that he wanted to marry her
tell me what is bothering you
state your opinion
state your name
上位: express, give tongue to, utter, verbalise, verbalize
下位: add, announce, answer, append, articulate, declare, enunciate, explain, give, introduce, lay out, mention, note, observe, precede, preface, premise, present, remark, reply, represent, respond, sum, sum up, summarise, summarize, supply, vocalise, vocalize
inform positively and with certainty and confidence
同义词集:
assure
tell
I tell you that man is a crook!
上位: affirm, assert, aver, avow, swan, swear, verify
a Swiss patriot who lived in the early 14th century and who was renowned for his skill as an archer; according to legend an Austrian governor compelled him to shoot an apple from his son's head with his crossbow (which he did successfully without mishap)
同义词集:
tell
william tell
🌳 词源
动词及多数名词义项源自古英语中“计算、讲述”的词,后来发展出“说出、告诉”等义。考古学名词 tell 另源自阿拉伯语或希伯来语中“土丘”的词;姓氏 Tell 的词源未说明。
From Middle English tellen (“to count, tell”), from Old English tellan (“to count, tell”), from Proto-West Germanic *talljan, from Proto-Germanic *taljaną, *talzijaną (“to count, enumerate”), from Proto-Germanic *talą, *talō (“number, counting”), from Proto-Indo-European *dol- (“calculation, fraud”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian tälle (“to say; tell”), West Frisian telle (“to count”), West Frisian fertelle (“to tell, narrate”), Dutch tellen (“to count”) and Dutch vertellen (“to tell”), Low German tellen (“to count”), German zählen, Faroese telja, Swedish tala (“to speak”). More at tale.
🔄 变式
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imperat
telled
dialect
tellest
archaic
telleth
archaic
telling
present
Tells
plural
told
1st_sg
toldest
archaic
🏷 单词标签 & 词根