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take
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🇺🇸 /tˈeɪk/
“take”是英语中极其常用的词,核心意思是“拿、取、接受”,还可表示乘坐、吃喝、经历、采取某种方式,以及“看法、观点”等名词义。它在大量短语动词和固定搭配中使用,具体含义常需结合上下文判断。
💡 记忆钩子
把“take”想成“把某物带到自己这边来”:可以是拿到手或接受,也可以把人带走、乘坐交通工具、摄取食物;进一步还可以“接受”某种经历、采取某种方式,名词“观点”则像是对事情“拿出的一种看法”。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“拿取、接受、带走、乘坐、吃喝”这些高频义,再学习表示经历、理解、采取行动等抽象义。
- 不要把“take”只理解为“拿”;在表示乘坐交通工具、服药、拍照、花费时间等搭配中,通常需要整体记忆。
- “take”作名词时可表示“看法、观点”,也可表示拍摄的一次镜头或录音的一次录制;不要一律译成“拿”。
- 许多含义由短语动词构成,例如表示脱下、吸收、承担或占用时,应连同后面的词一起学习。
📖 中文释义
noun
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common 拿取行为📖 指把某物拿走、取走这一行为本身,而不是所拿到的具体东西;可以把它理解为“把某物带到自己这边来”的动作。💡 常见于“the take of + 事物”或“incidental take”等较正式的表达。这个义项多见于法律、环保或行业语境,日常英语通常直接使用动词“take”或名词“taking”。The law limits the accidental take of protected animals.这项法律限制意外捕获受保护动物。
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common 所得物;收入📖 指一次拿到或收获的东西,尤其是通过工作、交易或非法活动得到的钱财或收益。它强调“带到自己这边来的所得”。💡 常见搭配有“the day’s take”和“a big take”,可指当天收入或一次行动的收获。这个词带有口语或行业色彩,正式表达收益时常改用“收入”或“利润”。The band’s take from the concert was smaller than expected.这支乐队从演唱会获得的收入比预期少。
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core 看法;观点📖 指一个人对某件事的理解、评价或立场,也就是对事情“拿出的一种看法”。💡 最常见结构是“what’s your take on + 话题?”或“one’s take on + 话题”。它通常表示个人观点,语气比“正式立场”轻;不要漏掉介词“on”。What’s your take on the new schedule?你怎么看这个新安排?Her take on the problem was practical and clear.她对这个问题的看法既实际又清楚。
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common 处理方式;新演绎📖 指对已有主题、作品或菜肴采用的一种独特处理方式,相当于在原有基础上“拿出”自己的版本。💡 常见结构是“a new/fresh/original take on + 事物”。它常用于评论电影、设计、故事或食物,强调新颖的演绎,不单纯表示普通的方法。The chef offers a modern take on a traditional dessert.这位厨师用现代方式重新演绎了一道传统甜点。
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common 一次拍摄📖 在电影、电视或视频制作中,指一次连续、不间断完成的拍摄或录制,也可以指这次录下来的画面。💡 常见搭配有“a first take”“a retake”和“in one take”。它通常用于拍摄现场;如果中途出错,往往需要重新拍摄,而不是把同一段称为一条完整的“take”。The actor delivered the difficult speech in one take.这名演员一遍就完成了那段很难的台词。
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common 一次音乐录音📖 在音乐录制中,指在一次连续录音过程中完成的一段演奏或演唱录音。💡 常见搭配有“record a take”“the final take”和“a live take”。它强调一次不中断的录音过程,不一定表示最终发行的版本。The singer chose the third take for the album.这名歌手选用了第三次录音作为专辑版本。
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common 惊讶反应📖 指人看到意外事情时脸上或动作上出现的明显反应,尤其是先没反应过来、随后再次确认的表情。💡 最常见搭配是“do a double take”,表示因惊讶而回头或再次看一眼;也可以说“do a triple take”。这个表达通常描述瞬间反应,不宜用来表示经过思考后的正式观点。I did a double take when I saw the price of the tiny cake.我看到那块小蛋糕的价格时,惊讶得又看了一遍。
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rare 接种成功📖 在医学语境中,指一次接种或免疫产生了预期效果。💡 常见于医学或公共卫生专业记录中,通常与“vaccination”或“immunization”连用。日常交流一般直接说“接种有效”或“产生免疫”,不单独使用这个名词义。
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rare 接球📖 在板球等特定球类运动中,指成功接住球的一次动作。💡 主要用于板球及相关体育报道,常与“make”或“take”搭配描述完成接球。普通英语语境中不要把它误解为一般的“拿取”。
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rare 排版分稿📖 在旧式印刷行业中,指一次交给排字工排版的一小段稿件。💡 这是印刷史和出版行业中的专业旧义,通常只在历史资料或专业讨论中出现。现代普通写作中一般改用“稿件片段”或“排版材料”等说法。
takes
plural
verb
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core 拿到手;夺取📖 把某物拿到自己手里、占有或控制之中,既可以是正常取用,也可以带有强行夺取的意思。💡 常用“take+物品”或“take something from someone”。语气可中性也可带强制意味;表示从某处取走时,通常要说明来源。transitivePlease take the keys from the table.请把桌上的钥匙拿走。The child took my hand and led me outside.孩子拉住我的手,把我带到了外面。
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common 接受;获得📖 接受别人给的东西,或获得某个名次、结果等;也就是把它带到自己这边来。💡 常用“take+礼物/机会/名次”等名词,也可说“take first place”。不要把它和只表示收到但未必接受的“receive”完全混同。transitiveShe took the job after thinking about it for a week.她考虑了一周后接受了这份工作。
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common 依法承受;继承📖 在法律语境中,指依据遗嘱或法律取得财产、权利或利益。💡 常见于“take under a will”等法律搭配,通常不能用普通日常语境中的“拿”来理解。这个义项正式且专业,普通对话中较少使用。intransitive transitiveThe children take under their father's will.这些子女依据父亲的遗嘱继承财产。
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common 取下;移走📖 把某物从原来的位置、容器或整体中拿出来,使它离开那里。💡 常用“take+物+from/out of+地点或容器”。强调移走时不要误用只表示拿在手里的“hold”。transitiveTake two oranges from the basket.从篮子里拿两个橙子。
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rare 与……发生性关系📖 粗俗或文学语境中,指与某人发生性关系。💡 通常只出现在成人、文学或粗俗语境中,不能用于礼貌的日常表达。谈论性关系时应根据语境选择更中性、明确的说法。transitive
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common 击败;打败📖 在战斗、比赛或冲突中把对手击败,仿佛把对方控制到自己这边。💡 常用“take someone/something”表示击败对手,也可见于非正式口语。正式比赛报道中常用更明确的“defeat”,避免产生“带走”的歧义。transitiveDo you think our team can take the champions?你觉得我们队能打败卫冕冠军吗?
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common 抓住;握住📖 用手抓住或握住某人、某物。💡 常用“take someone’s hand/arm”或“take hold of something”。表示短暂拿住时要根据语境与“hold”区分。transitiveHe took my arm as we crossed the street.我们过马路时,他握住了我的胳膊。
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common 选择;挑选📖 从几个选项中选出一个,像是把选中的东西带到自己这边来。💡 常用“take+选项”或“take whichever/whatever...”。在点餐、购物和给建议时很常见;不要把“take your time”理解成“选择时间”。transitiveTake whichever seat you prefer.你喜欢哪个座位就选哪个。
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common 带走;带领📖 带着某人或某物一起移动到别处。💡 常用“take someone/something with you”或“take someone to a place”。与“bring”的区别通常取决于移动方向:take偏离开说话者所在处,bring偏向说话者或谈话中心。transitiveI’ll take the documents with me to the meeting.我会把文件带去开会。
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common 把……送到📖 交通工具把人带到某个地方。💡 常用“公交车/出租车/船+take+人+to+地点”。主语通常是交通工具,不要把这里的“take”误译成乘坐;乘客作主语时通常用“take+交通工具”。especially transitiveThis bus will take you to the city center.这趟公交车会把你送到市中心。
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common 通向;带到📖 道路、楼梯或通道把人引到某个方向或地点。💡 常用“路/楼梯/通道+take you+方向或地点”。这里的主语通常是路线或设施,而不是主动带人的人。transitive usuallyThese stairs take you to the roof.这段楼梯通往屋顶。
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rare 前往;自行去📖 反身使用时,表示某人带着自己前往某处,常带有正式或文学色彩。💡 常见结构是“take oneself to+地点”,现代日常英语中不如“go to”自然。不要在普通对话中机械使用这一结构。reflexive transitive
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core 乘坐;搭乘📖 把交通工具作为把自己带到别处的方式,也就是乘坐公交车、火车、轮船等。💡 常用“take+交通工具”,如“take the bus/train/ferry”;通常不在交通工具前加冠词以外的限定词。不要说“take by bus”来表达乘坐某一班车;可说“go by bus”或“take the bus”。transitiveWe took the train to the coast.我们乘火车去了海边。Take the ferry across the river.乘渡轮过河。
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common 租用;租住📖 通过付款或租赁取得某处房屋、场地或物品供自己使用。💡 常用“take+房屋/场地+for+时间”或“take something on lease”。这个用法较正式,在日常住房语境中常用“rent”表达。transitiveThey took a small apartment near the university for a year.他们在大学附近租了一套小公寓,租期一年。
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common 服用;摄入📖 把药物或毒品等摄入体内,尤其指吞服或吸入。💡 常用“take+药物+数量/频率”,如“take two tablets twice a day”。说药物时通常用“take”,不要直译成“eat medicine”。transitiveTake this medicine after meals.饭后服用这种药。
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core 吃;喝📖 摄取食物或饮料,把它们带入自己的身体;在现代英语中主要用于固定搭配或较正式语境。💡 常见于“take breakfast/lunch/dinner”或“take a drink”,但日常口语通常更自然地说“have breakfast/lunch/dinner”。不要把所有“吃”都替换成“take”。dated transitiveWe took dinner at a small restaurant by the harbor.我们在港口附近的一家小餐馆吃了晚饭。She took a cup of tea before bed.她睡前喝了一杯茶。
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common 接受;经历📖 主动让自己进入某种状态,或接受某种活动、治疗和身体体验。💡 常用“take+活动/治疗/措施”,如“take a bath”“take a test”“take sunbaths”。具体含义高度依赖后面的名词,不能一律译成“拿”。transitiveHe takes a short walk after dinner every day.他每天晚饭后散一会儿步。
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common 感受到;怀有📖 内心产生某种情绪、态度或感受,例如自豪、兴趣或责任感。💡 常用“take+名词”或“take pride/interest in+名词或动名词”。不要把“take pride in”误解为“拿走骄傲”,它表示以某事为荣。transitiveShe takes great pride in her cooking.她为自己的厨艺感到非常自豪。
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common 忍受;承受📖 接受不利的变化或困难,并在没有强烈抱怨的情况下继续应对。💡 常用“take+损失/变化/批评”等名词,也常见“can’t take it anymore”。要表达无法忍受时,通常需要否定或程度副词。transitiveHe took the criticism calmly and improved his work.他平静地接受了批评,并改进了自己的工作。
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common 遭受;承受损害📖 受到打击、伤害或损失,强调某种不利影响落到自己或某物身上。💡 常用“take+打击/损伤/一击”等名词,主语可以是人、建筑物或交通工具。与“suffer”相比,“take”常突出承受了某个具体冲击。transitiveThe wall took a serious hit during the storm.暴风雨中,这面墙遭受了严重撞击。
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common 参加;进行📖 参加某项活动,或经历一段被视为完整活动的时间。💡 常用“take a vacation/trip/class/break”。表示参加课程或考试时也很常见,但表示参加会议通常更自然地说“attend a meeting”。transitiveI’m taking a photography class this summer.今年夏天我在参加摄影课。
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common 使变成;使进入状态📖 通过某种动作使人或物改变到特定状态,或变成某种形式。💡 常见结构是“take+宾语+形容词/介词短语”或“take something apart”。后面的补语说明变化结果;不要漏掉表示结果的部分。transitiveTake the machine apart carefully before cleaning it.清洁机器前要小心地把它拆开。
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common 以某种方式看待📖 对某件事作出某种情绪或态度上的反应和看法。💡 常用“take something well/badly/seriously/personally”。“take it personally”表示把事情理解为针对自己,不一定真的有人在针对你。transitiveDon’t take his joke seriously.别把他的玩笑当真。
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common 作出决定;形成意见📖 在头脑中形成决定、判断或观点,像是对事情拿出一种看法。💡 常用“take a decision”或“take the decision to do something”,但美式英语中“make a decision”更常见。表示形成意见时,也可用“take a view/position”。transitiveThe committee took the decision to close the old library.委员会作出了关闭旧图书馆的决定。
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common 理解;当作📖 以某种方式理解别人说的话或某件事,尤其指把它解释成某种含义。💡 常用“take something as+名词”或“take something to mean+从句”。“Don’t take it as...”常用于澄清意图,避免对方误会。transitivePlease don’t take my question as criticism.请不要把我的问题理解成批评。
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common 相信;听信📖 接受某人的话并相信它是真的,或按照对方所说的去判断。💡 常用“take someone’s word for it”表示相信某人的话,也可说“take something on trust”。这个结构强调相信,不只是听见。transitiveI’ll take your word for it and follow your advice.我相信你说的,就按你的建议做。
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common 认为;假定📖 把某人或某事暂时看作具有某种身份、性质或情况。💡 常用“take+宾语+to be+名词/形容词”,也可用“take it that+从句”。这是判断或假定,不一定表示已经证实。transitiveI took him to be the manager because everyone asked him for help.我以为他是经理,因为大家都向他求助。
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common 从……得出📖 从言语、事实或迹象中推断出某种意思或结论。💡 常用“take it from+信息来源+that...”或“take something from+证据”。后面通常接推断出的内容;不要把它和直接“理解”为同一个结构混用。transitiveI take from her silence that she disagrees.从她的沉默中,我推断她并不同意。
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common 取名源于📖 表示某个标题、名称或说法取自某部作品、某段文字或某个来源,相当于把名称从那里“拿来”。💡 常用结构是“标题/名称 + take(s) its name/title from + 来源”。这里的宾语通常是名称或标题,不能把它理解成实际拿走某件物品。transitiveThe novel takes its title from an old folk song.这部小说的书名取自一首古老的民歌。
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common 染上疾病📖 表示感染或患上感冒、寒气等疾病或不适,好像把这种病带到了自己身上。💡 常见结构是“take + 疾病或不适”,如表示着凉、感冒等。这个用法多见于固定搭配,不能一律译成“拿”。transitiveI took a cold after walking home in the rain.我冒雨走回家后感冒了。
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common 碰上某种状态📖 表示遇见或发现某人、某物正处于特定状态或情境中。重点不是把对象带走,而是“碰见时它正是这样”。💡 常用结构是“take + 宾语 + 形容词/介词短语”,表示在某种状态下遇到对象。要注意它描述的是发现或碰上,不等于使对象进入该状态。transitiveWe took him asleep in the back room.我们发现他在后屋睡着了。
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common 吸引并赢得喜爱📖 表示吸引某人的兴趣、好感或感情,使对方喜欢上某人或某事。可以理解为把对方的注意力或喜爱“带到自己这边来”。💡 常用结构是“take + 人 + fancy/interest”或“take someone’s fancy”。宾语通常是人或其兴趣、感情,语气可较口语或文学化。transitiveThe bright little shop took my fancy.那家色彩鲜艳的小店吸引了我。
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common 吸收染料等📖 表示布料、纸张等吸收染料、墨水或涂层,也可表示某种材料适合接受这类处理。💡 常用结构是“材料 + take + 染料/墨水”,或“take + 某种处理”。主语通常是材料,不要误解为材料主动拿取东西。transitiveThis cotton takes dye very evenly.这种棉布吸收染料非常均匀。
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common 进水📖 表示船、容器或建筑物让水进入,尤其指因破损、渗漏而进水。💡 常用结构是“船或容器 + take in water”。这里的“take in”表示吸入或进水,不是“理解”或“收留”。transitiveThe old boat began to take in water near the shore.那艘旧船在岸边开始进水。
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common 需要某人或资源📖 表示要达到某个结果必须需要某个人、某种资源或某件东西。它强调完成任务所需的条件。💡 常用结构是“it takes + 人或资源 + to do something”,也可用“事情 + take + 人或物”。不要把这里的“take”误译成单纯的“拿走”。transitiveIt will take two people to move this cabinet.搬动这个柜子需要两个人。
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common 就座或占据位置📖 表示进入某个位置并坐下、站定或开始占据该位置,常用于座位。💡 常用结构是“take a seat/place”,其中“take a seat”是礼貌而常见的“请坐”。宾语通常是位置类名词,不能随意替换成普通物品。transitivePlease take a seat while I find your file.我找你的文件时,请先坐下。
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common 占用空间📖 表示某物占据、填满或使用一定的空间。这里是把空间“占到自己这边来”。💡 常用结构是“某物 + take(s) + 空间”,常与“a lot of space”连用。主语通常是物品或集合,不要误用进行时表达普通的占用事实。transitiveThese boxes take up too much space in the hallway.这些箱子占用了走廊里太多空间。
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common 耗费时间📖 表示完成某事需要或耗费一段时间。它把时间看成完成任务时需要“拿出”的资源。💡 常用结构是“事情 + take + 时间”或“it takes + 人 + 时间 + to do something”。不要在这种结构中再加“for”来表示耗时。transitiveIt took us three hours to clean the apartment.我们花了三个小时打扫公寓。
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common 利用机会📖 表示利用某个机会、条件或便利来达到目的。可以理解为把机会“拿到手并用起来”。💡 常用结构是“take + opportunity/chance + to do something”。后面通常接不定式说明利用机会做什么,也可接介词短语。transitiveShe took the opportunity to thank everyone in person.她抓住机会亲自向大家道谢。
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common 进行某项活动📖 表示做、进行或完成某项活动,尤其用于由名词构成的固定搭配,如散步、休息或行动。💡 常用结构是“take + 活动名词”,如表示散步、休息等。此时不能机械地把名词理解成被拿走的东西,搭配本身决定含义。transitiveLet’s take a short walk before dinner.晚饭前我们散一会儿步吧。
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common 呈现形式或扮演角色📖 表示呈现出某种形态,或承担、扮演某种角色。它强调对象把某种形式或身份“带到自己身上”。💡 常用结构是“take the form of + 名词”或“take on a role”,两者搭配不要混淆。描述变化时,后面的形式或角色通常用名词短语。transitiveThe discussion took the form of a friendly debate.讨论变成了一场友好的辩论。
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common 接受并承担约束📖 表示正式接受誓言、承诺或责任,并让自己受其约束。💡 常用结构是“take an oath/a pledge”,后面也可接职位或责任相关表达。这个用法较正式,日常承诺不一定使用它。transitiveThe new officers took an oath before beginning their duties.新官员在开始履职前宣誓。
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common 沿路或转向📖 表示进入、经过或沿着某条路走,也常表示在行进中选择某个方向。💡 常用结构是“take + 道路/方向”,如“take the next left”表示在下一个路口左转。它常用于指路,后面通常接路线或转弯方向。transitiveTake the second road on the right after the bridge.过桥后走右边第二条路。
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common 寻求掩护或庇护📖 表示躲进某处以获得保护、遮蔽或安全。可以理解为把自己带到一个能保护自己的地方。💡 常用结构是“take cover/shelter/refuge”。这些名词多构成固定搭配,通常不在中间加冠词或随意改换介词。transitiveEveryone took shelter when the storm grew stronger.暴风雨变得更猛烈时,所有人都躲了起来。
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common 测量或检查📖 表示通过测量、检查或询问来获得某项数据或结果,常用于脉搏、体温和血压。💡 常用结构是“take + 测量对象”,如测脉搏、体温或血压。若要说明由谁测量,可另加“of + 人”或使用被动结构。transitiveThe nurse took my temperature twice.护士给我量了两次体温。
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common 记下或记录📖 表示把信息写下、记入记录,或在脑中形成清楚的记录。💡 常用结构是“take notes”或“take a record/inventory of + 内容”。“take notes”表示做笔记,不要和“make notes”在所有场合中随意混用。transitivePlease take notes during the meeting.请在会议期间做笔记。
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common 拍摄或制作影像📖 表示拍摄照片、视频或影片,也可表示制作某种复制品。它把影像记录“带下来”。💡 常用结构是“take a photo/picture/video/film”,也可用“take a photo of + 对象”。表达拍摄对象时,通常用“of”,不要直接省略介词。transitiveCould you take a photo of us by the fountain?你能在喷泉旁给我们拍张照片吗?
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rare 给人拍肖像📖 表示为某人拍照或画像,尤其指安排对方以某种姿势入镜;这种说法现已较旧。💡 常用结构是“take someone + 姿势或状态”,但现代英语中更常说“photograph someone”或“take a photo of someone”。该义项带有过时色彩,不宜用于普通日常表达。dated transitive
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common 骗取钱财📖 表示通过欺骗或敲诈从某人那里骗走一大笔钱。这里的“拿”带有非法夺取的意思。💡 常用结构是“take someone for + 金额”,表示骗了某人多少钱。该用法语气非正式,通常用于谈论诈骗或受骗经历。transitiveThe fake contractor took the couple for thousands of dollars.那个假承包商骗走了这对夫妇几千美元。
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common 选修或学习课程📖 表示报名学习某门课程或参加某项系统训练,如舞蹈、语言或其他技能。💡 常用结构是“take + 课程或科目”,也可说“take a class/course in + 领域”。它通常暗示参加课程,不只是临时学几分钟。transitiveI’m taking an evening course in photography.我正在上摄影夜校课程。
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common 处理或应对📖 表示处理问题、局面或事务,按照情况采取行动。可以理解为把眼前的事情接过来处理。💡 常用结构是“take + 问题/事务 + as it comes”或“take matters seriously”。后面的副词或形容词常说明处理事情的态度。transitiveWe’ll take each problem as it comes.我们会遇到一个问题就处理一个问题。
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common 把……作为例子或看待📖 表示以某种方式看待某人或某事,也可提出一个具体例子来说明前面的观点。💡 常用结构是“take + 对象 + as + 身份/性质”,或“take + 具体事例, for example”。不要把这里的“take”理解成实际拿取。transitiveTake last year’s delay as an example of poor planning.以去年的延误为例,那就是规划不周的表现。
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rare 不击球📖 在棒球等击球运动中,表示击球员判断不挥棒,让投来的球直接通过。💡 常用结构是“take a pitch/ball”,只用于特定球类语境。日常英语中没有这个运动背景时,不要把它理解成一般的“接受”。transitive
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rare 接某种语法成分📖 在语言学中,表示某个动词或结构要求、允许某种语法成分作为补语或输入。💡 常用结构是“动词 + take + 格或成分”,用于说明语法支配关系。该义项属于语言学术语,普通交流中通常不用。transitive
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rare 买票或购买📖 在部分地区的非正式用法中,表示购买某物,尤其是票。这个义项地域性很强,不是标准通用表达。💡 常用结构是“take + 商品或票”,但地域和语体限制明显。正式或跨地区交流中应使用表示“购买”的常规动词,以免造成误解。Cyprus informal transitive
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common 接受并拿到手📖 表示接受某物并把它收归自己所有,或不断拿取而不给出相应回报。这里突出的是把东西带到自己这边来。💡 常用结构是“take + 物品”,也可重复使用“take and take”强调只拿不还。与及物用法相比,这里常从行为结果或习惯角度描述接受、拿取。intransitiveHe always takes the help people offer but never says thank you.别人主动提供帮助时他总是接受,却从不道谢。
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common 开始起作用📖 这里的“take”表示某种作用、措施或影响真正抓住对象并开始生效,就像把效果带到对象身上。💡 常见结构是“take”单独作不及物动词,或与“hold”连用,表示作用开始产生;主语通常是火、药、措施或影响。不要把它误解为“拿走”,而要根据上下文理解为“起效”或“发生作用”。intransitiveThe new treatment took quickly.新的治疗很快就起效了。
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common 染上颜色📖 说染料或颜色“take”,表示它成功附着在材料上并显出效果,也就是把颜色带到材料表面。💡 常见结构是“the dye takes”或“the fabric takes the dye”,通常用于染色语境,语气中性。若说“the dye didn't take”,意思是没有染上或颜色没有附着,不是“没有拿到染料”。intransitive usuallyThe blue dye took well on the cotton.这种蓝色染料在棉布上染得很好。
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common 嫁接成活📖 说嫁接枝条或接穗“take”,表示它成功与植物结合并开始生长,即这种处理真正产生了效果。💡 常见结构是“the graft takes”或“the graft doesn't take”,主要用于园艺和农业语境。它通常是不及物用法,不能随意在后面直接接被处理的植物作宾语。intransitive usuallyOnly two of the five grafts took.五个嫁接枝条中只有两个成活了。
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rare 获得认可📖 这里表示某个作品、主意或表达方式受到欢迎并产生影响;这是较旧的用法。💡 常见结构是“the idea took”或“the play took with the audience”,但现代英语中较少使用。日常表达通常改用“be popular”“catch on”或“be well received”,不要把它当作普通的“拿”。dated intransitive possibly
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common 变得不适📖 在“take ill”中,表示人受到疾病影响而变得不舒服,就像身体被某种状态带走了。💡 常见结构是“take ill”,后面通常不直接接宾语;它比“become ill”略显正式或书面。不要把“ill”当作被拿走的对象,也不要说“take an ill”。copulative intransitiveShe took ill during the journey.她在旅途中病倒了。
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rare 上镜好看📖 说某人“take well”,表示其外貌能被照片准确而好看地呈现;这是较旧的说法。💡 常见结构是“take well”或“take a good photograph”,主要见于较旧或特定语境。现代英语更常说“photograph well”或“look good in photographs”,不要与“take a photo”混淆。dated intransitive possibly
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rare 加强语气📖 这是方言中的特殊用法,用来加强后面的动作或叙述语气,本身没有明确的“拿取”意义。💡 这种用法带有方言色彩,且不符合标准英语的正式习惯。学习者在普通口语和写作中不要模仿,遇到时应结合上下文把它看作语气成分。dialectal intransitive proscribed
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rare 交给📖 这里的“take”表示把某物交付给某人,是已经过时的用法。💡 常见旧式结构是“take someone something”,但现代英语通常用“give someone something”或“hand something to someone”。不要在现代普通表达中用“take”表示单纯的“交给”。obsolete transitive
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rare 打某人一下📖 这是方言、俚语或旧式表达,表示给某人打一拳或打一下。💡 旧式结构是“take someone a blow”,现代标准英语一般说“hit someone”或“give someone a blow”。该用法容易与通常的“take”混淆,不适合日常正式表达。dialectal obsolete slang transitive
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rare 顺路拜访📖 这里表示在旅行路线中顺便访问某地或某人,是古旧用法。💡 这种用法主要出现在历史文献中,现代英语通常说“visit”或“stop at”。不要把现代的“take”直接用于表示普通的“拜访”。archaic
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rare 描绘📖 这里的“take”表示在绘画中把某人的形象或美貌描绘出来,属于罕见的旧式用法。💡 该义项已基本退出现代普通英语,现代表达通常用“paint”“portray”或“depict”。阅读旧文学作品时可根据“take someone’s likeness”一类语境理解。obsolete rare
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common 构成短语动词📖 “take”与不同的副词或介词结合后,会把“带到自己这边来”的核心图像延伸出许多具体意思,如吸收、脱离、承担、带出、开始从事等。💡 必须把每个短语作为整体学习,例如“take in”可表示理解或欺骗,“take off”可表示脱下或起飞,“take up”可表示开始从事;同一短语常有多个义项。注意宾语位置有时可变,代词通常要放在中间,如“take it off”,不能说“take off it”。She took up swimming to stay healthy.她开始游泳来保持健康。
takes
present,singular,third-person
taking
participle,present
took
past
taken
participle,past
tane
Scotland,archaic,participle,past
take
first-person,present,singular
took
first-person,past,singular
take
present,second-person,singular
takest
archaic,present,second-person,singular
took
past,second-person,singular
tookst
archaic,past,second-person,singular
tookest
archaic,past,second-person,singular
taketh
archaic,present,singular,third-person
took
past,singular,third-person
take
plural,present
took
past,plural
take
present,subjunctive
took
past,subjunctive
take
imperative,present
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imperative,past
took
colloquial,dialectal,participle,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 44 组
be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness; ;
同义词集:
contract
take
get
He got AIDS
She came down with pneumonia
She took a chill
下位: catch
remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract; ; ; ;
同义词集:
remove
take
take away
withdraw
remove a threat
remove a wrapper
Remove the dirty dishes from the table
take the gun from your pocket
This machine withdraws heat from the environment
下位: bail, bone, brush, bur, burr, cancel, cast, cast off, clean, clear, clear up, cream, cream off, crumb, cut into, debone, defuse, delete, delve, descale, detusk, dig, discharge, disembowel, disinvest, dislodge, dismantle, divest, draw, draw off, draw out, dredge, drop, eliminate, empty, eviscerate, excavate, extract, fan, flick, free, get out, gut, harvest, head, hollow, hull, husk, lade, laden, ladle, leach, lift, lift out, muck, pick, pit, pull, pull out, pull up, rip out, scale, scalp, scavenge, scoop, scoop out, scoop up, seed, shake off, shed, shell, skim, skim off, spoon, stem, stone, string, strip, take out, take up, tear out, throw, throw away, throw off, tip, turn over, tusk, undress, unpack, unveil, wash, wash away, wash off, wash out, weed, winnow, withdraw
参见: deduct, subtract, take off
ascertain or determine by measuring, computing or take a reading from a dial;
同义词集:
take
take a pulse
A reading was taken of the earth's tremors
上位: find, get, incur, obtain, receive
take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect; ; ; ;
同义词集:
assume
acquire
adopt
take on
take
His voice took on a sad tone
The story took a new turn
he adopted an air of superiority
She assumed strange manners
The gods assume human or animal form in these fables
上位: change
be seized or affected in a specified way;
同义词集:
take
take sick
be taken drunk
上位: become, get, go
be a student of a certain subject
同义词集:
learn
study
read
take
She is reading for the bar exam
下位: audit, drill, exercise, practice, practise, prepare, train
interpret something in a certain way; convey a particular meaning or impression;
同义词集:
take
read
I read this address as a satire
How should I take this message?
上位: construe, interpret, see
下位: misinterpret, misread
accept or undergo, often unwillingly
同义词集:
take
submit
We took a pay cut
上位: undergo
下位: test
pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives; ;
同义词集:
choose
take
select
pick out
Take any one of these cards
Choose a good husband for your daughter
She selected a pair of shoes from among the dozen the salesgirl had shown her
上位: decide, determine, make up one's mind
下位: adopt, assign, define, determine, dial, draw, elect, empanel, espouse, excerpt, extract, field, fix, follow, go, impanel, limit, nominate, panel, pick, plump, propose, screen, screen out, set, set apart, sieve, sift, sort, specify, take out, vote
take into consideration for exemplifying purposes;
同义词集:
consider
take
deal
look at
Take the case of China
Consider the following case
下位: abstract, contemplate, dally, play, trifle
take as an undesirable consequence of some event or state of affairs;
同义词集:
claim
take
exact
the accident claimed three lives
The hard work took its toll on her
上位: ask, call for, demand, involve, necessitate, need, postulate, require
lay claim to; as of an idea
同义词集:
claim
take
She took credit for the whole idea
上位: affirm, assert, aver, avow, swan, swear, verify
the act of photographing a scene or part of a scene without interruption
同义词集:
take
上位: cinematography, filming, motion-picture photography
下位: retake
make a film or photograph of something;
同义词集:
film
shoot
take
take a scene
shoot a movie
上位: enter, put down, record
obtain by winning;
同义词集:
take
Winner takes all
He took first prize
上位: win
point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards; ; ;
同义词集:
aim
take
train
take aim
direct
Please don't aim at your little brother!
He trained his gun on the burglar
Don't train your camera on the women
Take a swipe at one's opponent
上位: position
下位: aim, charge, direct, hold, level, place, point, sight, swing, target, turn
serve oneself to, or consume regularly;
同义词集:
consume
ingest
take in
take
have
Have another bowl of chicken soup!
I don't take sugar in my coffee
反义: abstain, desist, refrain
下位: booze, drink, eat, feed, fill, fuddle, habituate, hit the bottle, imbibe, partake, replete, sample, sate, satiate, sup, taste, touch, try, try out, use
get into one's hands, take physically;
同义词集:
take
get hold of
Take a cookie!
Can you take this bag, please
下位: clutch, prehend, seize
参见: lift out, scoop, scoop out, scoop up, tackle, take on, take up, undertake
have sex with; archaic use
同义词集:
take
have
He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable
上位: bang, be intimate, bed, bonk, do it, eff, fuck, get it on, get laid, have a go at it, have intercourse, have it away, have it off, have sex, hump, jazz, know, lie with, love, make love, make out, roll in the hay, screw, sleep together, sleep with
travel or go by means of a certain kind of transportation, or a certain route;
同义词集:
take
He takes the bus to work
She takes Route 1 to Newark
上位: apply, employ, use, utilise, utilize
proceed along in a vehicle
同义词集:
drive
take
We drive the turnpike to work
上位: cover, cross, cut across, cut through, get across, get over, pass over, track, traverse
occupy or take on; ; ; ;
同义词集:
assume
take
strike
take up
He assumes the lotus position
She took her seat on the stage
We took our seats in the orchestra
She took up her position behind the tree
strike a pose
上位: move
take somebody somewhere; ;
同义词集:
lead
take
direct
conduct
guide
We lead him to our chief
can you take me to the main entrance?
He conducted us to the palace
下位: beacon, hand, lead astray, misdirect, misguide, mislead, show, usher
head into a specified direction;
同义词集:
take
make
The escaped convict took to the hills
We made for the mountains
上位: head
take something or somebody with oneself somewhere; ;
同义词集:
bring
convey
take
Bring me the box from the other room
Take these letters to the boss
This brings me to the main point
上位: carry, transport
下位: bring back, carry, channel, conduct, convey, ferry, fetch, impart, land, return, take back, transit, transmit, tube, whisk
参见: advance, bring down, bring forward, bring on, bring out, bring up, elevate, get down, get up, land, let down, lift, lower, produce, put down, raise, take down
experience or feel or submit to;
同义词集:
take
Take a test
Take the plunge
上位: experience, get, have, receive
to get into a position of having, e.g., safety, comfort
同义词集:
take
take shelter from the storm
take into one's possession;
同义词集:
take
We are taking an orphan from Romania
I'll take three salmon steaks
反义: give
下位: accept, adopt, assume, attach, bear, call back, call in, collect, confiscate, deprive, divest, grab, impound, pocket, recall, seize, sequester, snaffle, snap up, strip, take in, take over, withdraw
参见: draw, draw off, take out, withdraw
take by force;
同义词集:
take
Hitler took the Baltic Republics
The army took the fort on the hill
下位: arrogate, assume, despoil, extort, foray, loot, pillage, plunder, ransack, reave, recapture, relieve, rescue, retake, rifle, rip, rip off, sack, scale, seize, steal, strip, take over, usurp
buy, select
同义词集:
take
I'll take a pound of that sausage
上位: buy, purchase
参见: draw, draw off, take out, withdraw
engage for service under a term of contract; ;
同义词集:
lease
rent
hire
charter
engage
take
We took an apartment on a quiet street
Let's rent a car
Shall we take a guide in Rome?
上位: acquire, get
receive or obtain regularly
同义词集:
subscribe
subscribe to
take
We take the Times every day
上位: buy, purchase
make use of or accept for some purpose;
同义词集:
take
accept
take a risk
take an opportunity
下位: co-opt
receive willingly something given or offered; ;
同义词集:
accept
take
have
The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter
I won't have this dog in my house!
Please accept my present
反义: decline, pass up, refuse, reject, turn down
上位: acquire, get
下位: accept, admit, adopt, borrow, honor, honour, take on, take over, take up, welcome
参见: absorb, accept, adopt, assume, bear, borrow, take over, take up
admit into a group or community;
同义词集:
accept
admit
take
take on
accept students for graduate study
We'll have to vote on whether or not to admit a new member
上位: accept, have
下位: profess
require (time or space);
同义词集:
take
occupy
use up
It took three hours to get to work this morning
This event occupied a very short time
上位: expend, use
下位: be
assume, as of positions or roles; ;
同义词集:
fill
take
occupy
She took the job as director of development
he occupies the position of manager
the young prince will soon occupy the throne
上位: do work, work
develop a habit
同义词集:
take
He took to visiting bars
carry out; ;
同义词集:
take
take action
take steps
take vengeance
上位: act, move
require as useful, just, or proper; ; ; ; ;
同义词集:
necessitate
ask
postulate
need
require
take
involve
call for
demand
It takes nerve to do what she did
success usually requires hard work
This job asks a lot of patience and skill
This position demands a lot of personal sacrifice
This dinner calls for a spectacular dessert
This intervention does not postulate a patient's consent
反义: eliminate, obviate, rid of
下位: claim, compel, cost, draw, exact, govern
be capable of holding or containing;
同义词集:
contain
take
hold
This box won't take all the items
The flask holds one gallon
上位: be
have with oneself; have on one's person; ;
同义词集:
carry
pack
take
She always takes an umbrella
I always carry money
She packs a gun when she goes into the mountains
上位: feature, have
be designed to hold or take
同义词集:
accept
take
This surface will not take the dye
上位: be
the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property
同义词集:
return
issue
take
takings
proceeds
yield
payoff
the average return was about 5%
上位: income
下位: economic rent, payback, rent
🌳 词源
源自中古英语,来自古英语和古诺尔斯语中表示“抓住、触碰、拿取”的词;其核心含义后来逐渐扩展。
From Middle English taken (“to take, lay hold of, grasp, strike”), from Old English tacan (“to grasp, touch”), probably of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse taka (“to touch, take”), from Proto-Germanic *tēkaną (“to touch”), from pre-Germanic *deh₁g- (“to touch”), possibly a phonetically altered form of Proto-Indo-European *te-th₂g- (“to touch, take”) (see there for details).
Gradually displaced native English nim, from Middle English nimen, from Old English niman (“to take”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots tak (“to take”), Icelandic and Norwegian Nynorsk taka (“to take”), Norwegian Bokmål ta (“to take”), Swedish ta (“to take”), Danish tage (“to take, seize”), West Frisian take, taakje (“to grab, steal”), Dutch taken (“to take; grasp”), Middle Low German tacken (“to grasp”). English thack may be from the same root. Compare tackle. Despite superficial similarity, unrelated to Proto-Indo-European *tek- (“to take by hand, obtain”), which is instead cognate with English thig (“to beg”).
🔄 变式
-
imperat
taken
past
takes
plural
takest
archaic
taketh
archaic
taking
present
tane
archaic
took
1st_sg
tookest
archaic
tookst
archaic
🏷 单词标签 & 词根