superfluous

superfluous 是形容某物超过实际需要、因此显得多余的意思。

💡 记忆钩子

把水想成装满后还继续往外流：superfluous 的核心就是“多流出来的部分”，也就是超过必要限度、用不上或不必保留的东西。

📝 学习建议

它不一定表示某物完全没用，而是表示在当前情境下超过了需要；不要简单理解成“无用”。
学习时先掌握“多余的、非必要的”这一核心义，再根据语境判断它是客观上的重复，还是说话人认为没有必要。

📖 中文释义

adj

core 多余的；非必要的

📖 指某物或某个做法已经超过满足需要的程度，所以不必再有它。它强调“数量或功能过了头”，而不是说该物品本身毫无价值。

💡 常用“某物 is superfluous”表示某物在当前情境下多余，也可放在名词前修饰“细节、步骤、设备”等。语气比日常的“没必要”更正式，常用于说明、评论或论证。不要把它和“多余的人”直接等同；形容人时往往语气尖锐，需谨慎使用。

With a full rain suit, carrying an umbrella may be superfluous.

已经穿着完整的雨衣时，再带雨伞可能就多余了。

The final paragraph adds superfluous details to an otherwise clear report.

最后一段给原本清楚的报告增添了不必要的细节。

more superfluous comparative most superfluous superlative

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 2 组

more than is needed, desired, or required; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

同义词集: excess extra redundant spare supererogatory superfluous supernumerary surplus

trying to lose excess weight

found some extra change lying on the dresser

yet another book on heraldry might be thought redundant

skills made redundant by technological advance

sleeping in the spare room

supernumerary ornamentation

it was supererogatory of her to gloat

delete superfluous (or unnecessary) words

extra ribs as well as other supernumerary internal parts

surplus cheese distributed to the needy

近似: unnecessary, unneeded

serving no useful purpose; having no excuse for being; ; ; ;

同义词集: otiose pointless purposeless senseless superfluous wasted

otiose lines in a play

advice is wasted words

a pointless remark

a life essentially purposeless

senseless violence

近似: worthless

🌳 词源

源自拉丁语，字面与“溢出、流得过多”有关，因此引申为“超过所需的”。

From Middle English superfluous, from Latin superfluus (“superfluous”) + -ous, from superfluō (“overflow”), from super (“above, more than, over”) + fluō (“flow”). Compare mellifluous and fluid, also from Latin. Literally corresponds to overflow, which is from Germanic, rather than Latin.

🔄 变式

more superfluous compar most superfluous superl

🏷 单词标签 & 词根