subtract

subtract 是“减去、扣除”，指从总数或数量中拿走一部分，使剩余数变少，常用于数学计算和日常费用计算。

💡 记忆钩子

把一部分东西从总量里向下、向外抽走：从总数中“减去”一个数，也可以从费用中“扣除”一笔钱；核心画面就是总量被拿走一部分后变小。

📖 中文释义

verb

core 减去；扣除

📖 从一个总数或数量中拿走一部分，求剩下多少；除了数学中的“减去”，也可以表示从总费用、收入或预算中扣除一笔数额。

💡 常用结构是 subtract A from B，意思是“从B中减去A”；例如 subtract 10 from 50，结果是40。用于金额时，A 是要扣除的费用，B 是原来的总额；不要把 from 后面的数理解成被减数以外的对象。

transitive

Subtract the delivery fee from the total to see how much the meal itself cost.

从总额中扣除配送费，就能看出这顿饭本身花了多少钱。

She subtracted $20 from her weekly budget for the bus pass.

她从每周预算中扣除了20美元，用来购买公交月票。

subtracts present,singular,third-person subtracting participle,present subtracted participle,past subtracted past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 2 组

take off or away

同义词集: subtract

this prefix was subtracted when the word was borrowed from French

上位: bring down, cut, cut back, cut down, reduce, trim, trim back, trim down

make a subtraction

同义词集: subtract deduct take off

subtract this amount from my paycheck

反义: add, add together 上位: calculate, cipher, compute, cypher, figure, reckon, work out

🌳 词源

源自拉丁语 subtractus，原意与“从下面拉走、抽走”有关，后来发展为“减去、扣除”。

Borrowed from Latin subtractus, perfect passive participle of subtrahō (“to draw from beneath; withdraw, remove”); from sub (“under”) + trahō (“to draw, pull, drag”).

🔄 变式

subtracted past subtracting present subtracts present

🏷 单词标签 & 词根