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submit

★★

🇺🇸 /sʌbmˈɪt/

verb 编号: S05626 BNC #2259 COCA #3184

submit的核心意思是“把自己或某物交到别人、规则或某种处理之下”：可以表示屈服、提交材料，也可以表示使某物接受处理；在格斗语境中还可指用降服取胜。

💡 记忆钩子

把人或东西“放到更高的力量之下”是submit的共同画面：人放到对手或权威之下，就是“屈服”；文件放到审核者面前，就是“提交”；材料放进某种程序里，就是“接受处理”；格斗中让对手放弃，也是“降服取胜”。

📝 学习建议

先掌握“submit to某人或某事”表示“屈服于、服从于”，以及“submit某物”表示“提交某物”；不要把它一律理解成普通的“送出”。
提交材料时，submit通常强调交给对方审阅、批准或处理，不只是发送出去。

📖 中文释义

verb

core 屈服；服从

📖 指不再抵抗，接受别人、权威或某种力量的要求或控制。重点是“把自己置于对方之下”，常常带有被迫或不情愿的意味。

💡 常用句型是“submit to + 人、权威、压力或命运”。这个用法通常是不及物的，后面不能直接接屈服的对象；表示主动同意或合作时，不要随意用submit。

intransitive

The rebels finally submitted to the king.

叛军最终向国王屈服了。

She refused to submit to unfair pressure.

她拒绝屈服于不公平的压力。
common 交出；使屈服

📖 指在战败或无法继续抵抗时，把自己或某物交给对方控制。它是及物用法，强调把对象交到胜者或控制者手中。

💡 常见句型是“submit + 人或物”，尤其用于描述战败者交出控制权。这个用法比“submit to + 对象”更强调交出的动作；不要把它和普通的“递交文件”混为一谈。

transitive

After a long siege, the city submitted its defenses to the invading army.

经过长期围城后，这座城市把防御权交给了入侵军队。
core 提交；呈交

📖 指把申请、计划、文章等交给有权审核、考虑、评分或批准的人或机构。这仍然保留“把东西放到对方手中处理”的核心画面。

💡 常用句型是“submit + 材料 + for + 审核、批准或评分”，也可说“submit + 材料 + to + 机构”。它比普通的“发送”更强调正式递交并等待对方处理；提交者通常是人或组织，材料是宾语。

ambitransitive

Please submit your application by Friday.

请在星期五之前提交申请。

The research team submitted its findings for review.

研究团队提交了研究结果以供审阅。
common 使接受处理或检验

📖 指把某物置于一系列处理、检验或加工步骤之中，使它经过这些过程。这里不是“屈服”，而是让材料进入某种外力或程序之下。

💡 常见句型是“submit + 物品 + to + 处理、检验或测试”。这个用法较正式，常见于技术、科学和说明性文字；不要把它理解成材料主动进行这些步骤。

transitive

The samples were submitted to further testing.

这些样品被送去接受进一步检测。
common 以降服取胜

📖 在格斗或摔跤语境中，指通过迫使对手拍垫、认输或无法继续抵抗来赢得比赛。它把“使对方屈服”具体化成比赛中的胜利方式。

💡 常见句型是“submit + 对手”，通常用于比赛报道或格斗评论。这里的宾语是被迫认输的对手，不是比赛本身；在普通谈话中不要把它当作一般的“打败”使用。

mixed transitive

The champion submitted her opponent in the second round.

冠军在第二回合以降服方式击败了对手。
rare 使降低；使下垂

📖 这是过时用法，指让某物下降或变低，可看作“把某物放下”的旧义。

obsolete transitive
rare 置于下方

📖 这是过时用法，指把某物放在另一物之下，直接体现“置于下面”的早期概念。

obsolete transitive

submits present,singular,third-person submitting participle,present submitted participle,past submitted past submit first-person,present,singular submitted first-person,past,singular submit present,second-person,singular submittest archaic,present,second-person,singular submitted past,second-person,singular submittedst archaic,past,second-person,singular submitteth archaic,present,singular,third-person submitted past,singular,third-person submit plural,present submitted past,plural submit present,subjunctive submitted past,subjunctive submit imperative,present - imperative,past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 10 组

accept or undergo, often unwillingly

同义词集: take submit

We took a pay cut

上位: undergo 下位: test

accept as inevitable

同义词集: resign reconcile submit

He resigned himself to his fate

上位: accept

put before

同义词集: submit state put forward posit

I submit to you that the accused is guilty

上位: advise, propose, suggest

yield to another's wish or opinion

同义词集: submit bow defer accede give in

The government bowed to the military pressure

上位: buckle under, give in, knuckle under, succumb, yield

refer for judgment or consideration

同义词集: submit

The lawyers submitted the material to the court

上位: refer 下位: give, pass on, relegate, return

make an application as for a job or funding

同义词集: put in submit

We put in a grant to the NSF

上位: apply

yield to the control of another

同义词集: submit

下位: subject

hand over formally

同义词集: present submit

上位: give

make over as a return

同义词集: render submit

They had to render the estate

上位: gift, give, present

refer to another person for decision or judgment

同义词集: relegate pass on submit

She likes to relegate difficult questions to her colleagues

🌳 词源

源自中古英语，最终来自拉丁语，原义与“放到下面、屈服”有关。

From Middle English submitten, borrowed from Latin submittere, infinitive of submittō (“place under, yield”), from sub (“under, from below, up”) + mitto (“to send”). Compare upsend.

🔄 变式

- imperat submits present submitted 1st_sg submittedst archaic submittest archaic submitteth archaic submitting present

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