strive

strive 是“努力争取、奋力达到目标”，也可表示与他人或困难相抗争、竞争。

💡 记忆钩子

把 strive 想成一个人迎着阻力向前冲：先是为了目标坚持用力，进一步就是与困难对抗，或和别人较劲争胜。

📝 学习建议

先掌握“努力做某事”和“努力争取某物”这两个核心用法，再理解“竞争、对抗”的延伸义。
strive 不是普通的“试试看”，而是带有认真、持续和费力的意味；不要把它误解成一次性的尝试。

📖 中文释义

verb

core 努力争取；奋力达到

📖 指为了实现某个结果而认真、持续地付出很大努力。这是 strive 最核心的意思，画面就是迎着阻力向目标前进。

💡 常用“strive to do something”或“strive for something”。它通常描述持续的努力，语气比一般的“试着做”更郑重；不要把它只理解成短暂地试一次。

We strive to provide the best service possible.

我们努力提供尽可能好的服务。

She strives for excellence in everything she does.

她做任何事都努力追求卓越。
common 与……抗争；奋力对抗

📖 指在阻力、困境或对立力量面前奋力抗争。它仍然是“迎着阻力向前冲”的核心画面，只是阻力被特别突出。

💡 常见结构是“strive against something”或“strive with something”，后面接困难、命运等对抗对象。这个用法比表示一般努力更有文学性或正式色彩；不要把 against 误当成单纯的地点或方向介词。

They continued to strive against poverty.

他们继续与贫困作斗争。
common 竞争；争胜

📖 指把自己的表现拿来和别人较量，努力胜过对方。它是“向前用力”的另一种延伸：阻力不再只是困难，也可能是竞争对手。

💡 常见结构是“strive with someone”或“strive against someone”，也可以在较正式的文字中直接表示彼此竞争。这个意思现在常带书面或文学色彩；在普通口语中，表示比赛竞争时通常使用更直接的词。

Several companies strive to become the market leader.

几家公司都在努力成为市场领头者。

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📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 2 组

to exert much effort or energy

同义词集: strive reach strain

straining our ears to hear

上位: drive, labor, labour, push, tug 下位: bother, inconvenience oneself, trouble, trouble oneself

attempt by employing effort

同义词集: endeavor endeavour strive

we endeavor to make our customers happy

上位: assay, attempt, essay, seek, try 下位: buck, struggle

🌳 词源

源自中古英语，和表示“努力、竞争、争执”的古法语及日耳曼语词源有关；其具体早期来源仍有不同分析。

From Middle English striven (“to strive”), from Old French estriver (“to compete, quarrel”), from Frankish *strīban (“to exert, make an effort”) from Proto-Germanic *strībaną, or from Frankish *stribēn (“to strive”) from Proto-Germanic *stribāną. As this verb is conjugated as if it were a strong verb (like drive, ride, and write), it is possible this word may instead be inherited from an unattested Old English *strīfan or *strifian, which would itself also be inherited from Proto-Germanic *strībaną.

🔄 变式

- imperat strived 1st_sg striven past strives present striving present strove 1st_sg

🏷 单词标签 & 词根