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start
★★★★★
🇺🇸 /stˈɑɹt/
🇬🇧 /stɑːt/
start 是英语中表示“开始、起点和启动”的常用词，也可表示突然一惊、比赛首发、起步优势等；大写的 Start 还可作专名、按钮名称或缩写。
💡 记忆钩子
把 start 想成“让静止的东西动起来”：事情被启动，就是“开始”；动作突然动起来，就是“一惊”；比赛从这里动身，就是“起点”，先动身一步就是“领先优势”。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握动词“开始”和名词“开始、起点”，再学习“突然一惊”和“首发”等引申义。
- start 不只表示“开始某事”，也常表示“从某处或某时开始”；不要把所有含有“开始”的句子都机械地译成同一个中文词。
📖 中文释义
adv
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rare 完全地📖 在古旧或方言表达中，start 可表示“完全、极其”，相当于把某种状态推到彻底的程度。archaic dialectal
more start
comparative
most start
superlative
name
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rare 姓氏📖 Start 可作为英语姓氏，历史上与“尾部、突出地形”有关。
Starts
plural
name
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rare 伦敦📖 在过时的英国俚语中，Start 曾指伦敦，尤其指首都这个大都市。UK obsolete slang
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rare 军控条约缩写📖 START 是 Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty 的缩写，指美俄等国之间削减战略武器的条约名称。💡 它通常以全大写形式出现，并作为不可数的专名或缩写使用。阅读国际政治、法律和历史材料时，要根据上下文判断它不是普通的“开始”。abbreviation acronym alt-of
noun
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core 开始📖 start 是一项活动从没有进行到开始进行的那个阶段或过程，也就是“开头”。💡 常用“the start of + 名词”和“from the start”表示某事的开端或从一开始。它可以和 finish 对应，构成“从头到尾”的表达；不要误把它当作只能作动词的词。The movie was exciting from start to finish.这部电影从头到尾都很精彩。We need to make a fresh start.我们需要重新开始。
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core 突然一惊📖 这里的 start 是身体或情绪因突然刺激而猛地一动、受到惊吓的瞬间。💡 最常见的结构是“with a start”，表示“猛然一惊之后”，也可说“give someone a start”。不要把它理解成普通的“开始”，因为这里强调的是突然的反应。She woke with a start when the door slammed.门砰的一声关上时，她猛然惊醒。
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core 起点📖 在比赛、棋盘游戏或路线中，start 是参与者开始动身的位置或时刻，也就是“起点”。💡 常用“at the start”和“from the start”，也可说“the starting point”来明确表示地点或位置。比赛语境中不要把 start 误译成终点；与 finish 对比记忆最方便。Place your piece at the start of the board.把你的棋子放在棋盘的起点。
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common 首发出场📖 在体育比赛中，a start 指运动员从比赛一开始就上场，而不是中途替补出场。💡 常见搭配是“make a start”或“make one’s first start”，也可说“a starting position”。它和替补出场相对，通常只用于体育或类似竞赛语境。The young goalkeeper made his first start for the club.这名年轻守门员第一次代表该俱乐部首发。
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common 幼苗📖 在园艺中，start 指已经发芽、之后准备移栽到别处的幼小植物。💡 常见于园艺和苗圃语境，通常用复数 starts 指一批幼苗。不要把这里的 start 理解为“种植的开始”，它指的是植物本身。The garden center sells tomato starts in spring.这家园艺中心在春天出售番茄幼苗。
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common 先行优势📖 start 也可以指比别人先动身或先获得的优势，即“抢先一步”。💡 常见结构是“get a start”或“get a head start on someone”，后者明确表示比某人领先。这里不是“得到一个开始”，而是获得时间、位置或进度上的领先。We left early to get a head start on the traffic.我们早早出发，好避开交通拥堵并抢占先机。
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rare 事情、局面📖 在过时的英国俚语中，start 可指一件发生的事情或一种局面，类似“这真是个奇怪的状况”。💡 这种用法带有明显的过时、英国俚语色彩，现代日常英语中不宜主动使用。阅读旧小说时可根据上下文译为“事情、局面或开头”。UK archaic slang
starts
plural
noun
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common 一次启动📖 这里强调“开始动作发生了一次”，可以指人开始行动，也可以指机器或过程启动。💡 常见于“a start”或“the start of + 名词”结构，具体是活动开始还是设备启动要看上下文。不要把它和表示“突然一惊”的 start 混为一谈。The engine needs a second start.发动机需要再次启动。
starts
plural
noun
-
rare 突出物📖 这里的 start 指从主体向外伸出或凸起的部分，核心仍是“向外动、伸出来”的形象。
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rare 水轮斗前部📖 在旧式水轮术语中，start 指水轮斗弯曲或倾斜的前下部。
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rare 绞车杠杆📖 在旧式绞车中，start 指由马匹牵动、用来转动绞车的臂或横杆。
starts
plural
noun
-
common 开始按钮📖 Start 是电子游戏中常见的按钮名称，最初用于开始游戏，后来也常承担暂停或选择选项的功能。💡 常见句型是“press the Start button”或“press Start”。作为界面文字通常首字母大写，和普通名词 start 的书写方式不同。Press Start to begin the game.按下 Start 键开始游戏。
Starts
plural
noun
-
rare 快速分诊法📖 START 是 simple triage and rapid treatment 的缩写，指灾难或大规模伤亡现场使用的快速分诊与处理方法。abbreviation acronym alt-of uncountable
verb
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core 开始；启动📖 start 的核心动词义是让活动、过程、计划或事物从静止状态进入进行状态，也就是“开始、启动”。💡 常见结构是“start to do something”和“start doing something”，两者通常都表示开始做某事；也可说“start something”表示启动某事。不要漏掉宾语前的介词，也不要把 start 后面一律接动词不定式。ergativeI started reading the book on the train.我在火车上开始读这本书。They started a small business together.他们一起创办了一家小企业。
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common 从某处开始📖 当某事有一个起始位置、时间或范围时，start 表示“起始于、从……开始”，重点是说明起点。💡 常见结构是“start at + 地点或时间”和“start from + 起点”。at 更强调具体起始点，from 更强调从那里展开的过程；两者不能在所有句子里随意替换。intransitiveThe trail starts at the old bridge.这条小径从那座旧桥开始。
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core 突然一动📖 start 也表示原本静止的人突然动了一下，通常是因为惊吓或意外刺激，相当于“猛然一惊、惊跳”。💡 作不及物动词时常见“start at the sound”或“start when...”，表示因某个刺激而惊跳。这里不是“开始”，后面若接刺激来源，通常用 at 或 when 引出。intransitiveThe baby started at the loud noise.婴儿被巨大的声响吓得一激灵。
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common 惊吓某人或惊起动物📖 作及物动词时，start 表示某个动作或声音使人、动物突然动起来或受到惊吓。💡 基本结构是“start + 人或动物”，宾语是被惊动的对象；这时不要在宾语前再加表示被动的介词。若要表达普通的“让某人开始做事”，则应使用“get someone started”等不同结构。transitiveThe sudden movement started the horse.突然的动作惊得那匹马跳了起来。
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rare 使物体突然移位📖 在旧式或专业语境中，start 可表示外力使原本固定的物体突然松动或移位，仍然保留“从静止状态动起来”的核心概念。💡 这种用法较少见，常出现在船舶或机械描写中。不要把它当作现代日常英语中“开始某事”的普通及物用法。ergative
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common 让某人首发📖 在体育比赛中，start 某位运动员表示让他从比赛一开始就上场，即安排他首发。💡 常见结构是“start + 运动员 + in/at + 比赛或位置”，也可直接说“start the player”。它表示首发安排，不是单纯说运动员开始参加训练。transitiveThe coach started two young players in the final.教练让两名年轻球员在决赛中首发。
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rare 放出或开始汲取液体📖 在航运或旧式容器语境中，start 可表示打开液体容器，让液体流出或开始抽取。💡 通常带液体容器作宾语，如“start a cask”，属于专业或历史用法。现代日常英语中更常用 tap、drain 或 pour，不能把它当作这些词的普遍替代。transitive
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common 月经开始📖 在委婉的日常说法中，start 可不及物地表示女性月经周期开始。💡 常见说法是“have you started yet?”，具体含义依上下文判断；这是委婉表达，正式医疗语境可使用更明确的说法。不要因为主语或宾语省略就误判为普通的“开始某事”。euphemistic intransitiveShe started yesterday, so she feels tired today.她昨天开始来月经，所以今天觉得很累。
starts
present,singular,third-person
starting
participle,present
started
participle,past
started
past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 22 组
the act of starting something
同义词集:
beginning
start
commencement
he was responsible for the beginning of negotiations
反义: finish, finishing
下位: activation, attack, constitution, creation, debut, entry, establishment, face-off, first appearance, first step, formation, foundation, founding, groundbreaking, groundbreaking ceremony, icebreaker, inauguration, initiation, initiative, innovation, installation, installing, installment, instalment, instauration, institution, introduction, jumping-off point, launching, opening, opening move, organisation, organization, origination, point of departure, recommencement, resumption, scrum, scrummage, springboard, startup, tone-beginning, unveiling
a turn to be a starter (in a game at the beginning);
同义词集:
start
starting
he got his start because one of the regular pitchers was in the hospital
his starting meant that the coach thought he was one of their best linemen
上位: play, turn
take the first step or steps in carrying out an action; ; ; ; ;
同义词集:
get down
begin
get
start out
start
set about
set out
commence
We began working at dawn
Who will start?
Get working as soon as the sun rises!
The first tourists began to arrive in Cambodia
He began early in the day
Let's get down to work now
反义: end, terminate
下位: attack, embark, enter, fall, launch, plunge
set in motion, cause to start; ;
同义词集:
begin
lead off
start
commence
The U.S. started a war in the Middle East
The Iraqis began hostilities
begin a new chapter in your life
反义: end, terminate
下位: commence, embark on, inaugurate, introduce, jump-start, jumpstart, start up, usher in
a sudden involuntary movement
同义词集:
startle
jump
start
he awoke with a start
上位: inborn reflex, innate reflex, instinctive reflex, physiological reaction, reflex, reflex action, reflex response, unconditioned reflex
下位: flinch, wince
play in the starting lineup
同义词集:
start
上位: play
bring into being;
同义词集:
originate
initiate
start
He initiated a new program
Start a foundation
上位: create, make
下位: initiate, lead up, set
get off the ground; ; ; ; ;
同义词集:
start
start up
embark on
commence
Who started this company?
We embarked on an exciting enterprise
I start my day with a good breakfast
We began the new semester
The afternoon session begins at 4 PM
The blood shed started when the partisans launched a surprise attack
上位: begin, commence, lead off
下位: open
get going or set in motion;
同义词集:
start
start up
We simply could not start the engine
start up the computer
反义: stop
下位: crank, crank up, hot-wire, jump, jump-start, jumpstart, re-start, restart
begin or set in motion;
同义词集:
start
go
get going
I start at eight in the morning
Ready, set, go!
反义: halt, stop
move or jump suddenly, as if in surprise or alarm
同义词集:
startle
jump
start
She startled when I walked into the room
上位: move
下位: shy
leave
同义词集:
depart
part
start
start out
set forth
set off
set out
take off
The family took off for Florida
上位: go away, go forth, leave
下位: blaze, blaze out
参见: dispense with, give up, part with, spare
bulge outward
同义词集:
start
protrude
pop
pop out
bulge
bulge out
bug out
come out
His eyes popped
begin work or acting in a certain capacity, office or job;
同义词集:
start
take up
Take up a position
start a new job
begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object; ;
同义词集:
begin
start
begin a cigar
She started the soup while it was still hot
We started physics in 10th grade
上位: act, move
have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense; ;
同义词集:
begin
start
The DMZ begins right over the hill
The second movement begins after the Allegro
Prices for these homes start at $250,000
反义: cease, end, finish, stop, terminate
下位: break out, bud, dawn, erupt, originate
have a beginning characterized in some specified way; ; ;
同义词集:
begin
start
The novel begins with a murder
My property begins with the three maple trees
Her day begins with a workout
The semester begins with a convocation ceremony
上位: be
the advantage gained by beginning early (as in a race)
同义词集:
start
head start
with an hour's start he will be hard to catch
上位: advantage, vantage
a signal to begin (as in a race);
同义词集:
starting signal
start
the starting signal was a green light
the runners awaited the start
上位: sign, signal, signaling
the beginning of anything
同义词集:
start
it was off to a good start
上位: beginning
下位: alpha, curtain raising, dawn, kickoff, morning, oncoming, onset, opener, opening, opening night, send-off, start-off
a line indicating the location of the start of a race or a game
同义词集:
start
starting line
scratch
scratch line
上位: line
the time at which something is supposed to begin;
同义词集:
beginning
commencement
first
outset
get-go
start
kickoff
starting time
showtime
offset
they got an early start
she knew from the get-go that he was the man for her
反义: end, ending, middle
上位: point, point in time
下位: birth, threshold
🌳 词源
不同义项来自几条相关但不完全相同的词源：主要与“突然跃起、开始移动”有关，表示“尾部、突出物”的名词义则来自古英语中表示“尾巴”的词；专名和缩写另有来源。
From Middle English stert, start (“tail, handle, projection”), from Old English steort (“tail”), from Proto-West Germanic *stert, from Proto-Germanic *stertaz (“tail”). Cognate with Scots start, stairt (“side post, shaft, upright post”), Dutch staart (“tail”), German Sterz (“tail, handle”), Danish stjert (“tail of a bird”), Faroese stertur (“tail”), Icelandic stertur (“short horse tail”), Norn skjårt (“tail”), sterti (“tail of a large fish”), stjårt (“tail of a large fish”), Norwegian stjert (“tail of a bird”), Swedish stjärt (“tail, arse”).
🔄 变式
more start
compar
most start
superl
started
past
starting
present
Starts
plural
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