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sorrow

🇺🇸 /sˈɑɹoʊ/ 🇬🇧 /ˈsɒɹəʊ/
name 编号: S04062 BNC #7116 COCA #6304
sorrow 表示深切的悲伤、哀痛,也可指引起悲伤的事情;作动词时表示感到或表达悲痛、为某事哀悼或遗憾。它还可作姓氏。
💡 记忆钩子
把 sorrow 想成心里沉下去的一块悲伤:这种悲伤本身是 sorrow,也可以延伸为“令人悲伤的事”(常用复数);人被它触动,就是 sorrow,或为某人某事 sorrow。
📝 学习建议
  • 先掌握名词“悲伤、哀痛”和动词“感到悲痛”,再记住复数可表示“令人悲伤的事情”。
  • 不要把 sorrow 当作 sorry 或 sore 的派生词;三者虽然形式相近,历史上并无亲缘关系。
📖 中文释义
name
  • rare 姓氏
    📖 Sorrow 也可以是英语姓氏;此时只是家族名称,不表达“悲伤”的意思。
    💡 通常用在完整姓名中,前面或后面与名字连用。作为姓氏时保留原拼写,一般不把它改译成“悲伤”。
Sorrows plural
noun
  • core 悲伤;哀痛
    📖 sorrow 是一种沉重、深切的悲伤或哀痛,强调心里承受着失去、离别或不幸带来的痛苦。
    💡 常用结构是“感到悲伤”或“充满悲伤”,也可放在介词后表示处于悲伤之中。它通常是不可数名词,不要在表示总体悲伤时随意加复数或冠词;这个词比普通口语表达更正式、更有文学色彩。
    uncountable
    She was filled with sorrow after her father's death.
    父亲去世后,她心中充满了悲痛。
    He tried to hide his sorrow from the children.
    他努力不让孩子们看出自己的悲伤。
  • common 令人悲伤的事
    📖 复数 sorrows 可指一件件带来痛苦或悲伤的事情,也可以概括人生中的种种不幸。
    💡 最常见的形式是复数,常与表示承受、分享或忘却的动词搭配。单数表示一件具体的悲伤之事并非错误,但比复数少见,也更像文学表达;不要把它误解为单纯的“烦恼”或小麻烦。
    countable
    They shared their joys and sorrows during the difficult year.
    在那艰难的一年里,他们共同分享了彼此的欢乐与悲伤。
sorrows plural
verb
  • core 感到悲痛
    📖 作不及物动词时,sorrow 表示人自己陷入或表达深切的悲伤,重点在悲伤这一心理状态。
    💡 常用结构是“某人 sorrow”或“某人 sorrow over/about 某事”。它通常用于正式书面语或文学语境;日常对话中不宜把它当作普通“难过”的唯一说法。
    intransitive
    The family still sorrows over the loss of their home.
    这家人仍在为失去家园而悲痛。
  • common 为……哀悼;遗憾
    📖 作及物动词时,sorrow 某人或某事表示因其失去、不幸或缺陷而感到悲痛、哀悼或遗憾。
    💡 常用结构是“sorrow + 名词”或“sorrow for/over + 对象”,宾语通常是失去的人、发生的事或令人遗憾的情况。这个用法正式而带感情色彩,不要把它当作普通的“后悔”或“道歉”。
    transitive
    We sorrow the passing of a dear friend.
    我们为一位挚友的离世感到悲痛。
sorrows present,singular,third-person sorrowing participle,present sorrowed participle,past sorrowed past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 5 组
feel grief
同义词集: grieve sorrow
上位: suffer 下位: compassionate, condole with, feel for, mourn, pity, sympathize with
something that causes great unhappiness
同义词集: grief sorrow
her death was a great grief to John
an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement
同义词集: sorrow
he tried to express his sorrow at her loss
反义: joy, joyfulness, joyousness 上位: sadness, unhappiness 下位: brokenheartedness, grief, heartache, heartbreak, self-pity
sadness associated with some wrong done or some disappointment; ;
同义词集: sorrow regret rue ruefulness
he drank to drown his sorrows
he wrote a note expressing his regret
to his rue, the error cost him the game
上位: sadness, unhappiness 下位: attrition, compunction, contriteness, contrition, remorse, self-reproach
the state of being sad
同义词集: sadness sorrow sorrowfulness
she tired of his perpetual sadness
上位: unhappiness 下位: bereavement, mourning
🌳 词源
普通词义源自古英语,核心与“忧虑、悲伤、痛苦”有关;作姓氏时可能仿自德语姓氏或词语 Sorge。
From Middle English sorwe, sorow, sorewe, from Old English sorg, sorh (“care, anxiety, sorrow, grief”), from Proto-West Germanic *sorgu, from Proto-Germanic *surgō (compare West Frisian soarch, Dutch zorg, German Sorge, Danish, Swedish and Norwegian sorg), from Proto-Indo-European *swergʰ- (“watch over, worry; be ill, suffer”) (compare Old Irish serg (“sickness”), Tocharian B sark (“sickness”), Lithuanian sirgti (“be sick”), Sanskrit सूर्क्षति (sū́rkṣati, “worry”). Despite the similarity in form and meaning, not historically related to sorry and sore.
🔄 变式
sorrowed past sorrowing present Sorrows plural
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