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smash
★★★
🇺🇸 /smˈæʃ/
smash 的核心意思是“猛烈撞击并打碎、击倒”,也可引申为交通事故、压倒性成功等。
💡 记忆钩子
想象一个东西被猛烈撞击,发出“砰”的一声并碎掉:这是 smash 的核心画面。由“撞碎”可引申为猛烈击打、彻底击败或摧毁;一场严重车祸叫 smash,而一部作品大获成功则像“重重击中市场”,也可说是 smash。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“打碎、猛击、彻底击败”这条主线,再记交通事故和“大获成功”等引申义。
- 不要把 smash 只理解成“打碎”;在体育语境中常指猛烈扣杀,在口语中也可表示某事非常成功。
- 动词的过去式和过去分词同样是 smashed,不要误写成不规则变化。
📖 中文释义
noun
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core 猛烈撞击声;撞击📖 指猛烈撞击时发出的声音,或这种猛烈的碰撞本身;重点是“砰的一撞”。💡 常用“the smash of + 物体”表示某物相撞的声音,也可说“hear a smash”。它既可作可数名词表示一次撞击,也可作不可数名词表示撞击这一现象。不要把它误当成普通的轻微碰撞。countable uncountableI heard a loud smash from the kitchen.我听见厨房里传来一声巨响。The smash of the falling glass woke everyone up.玻璃掉落时的撞击声把所有人都吵醒了。
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common 车祸;撞车📖 在英国和爱尔兰英语口语中,smash 可以直接指一场交通事故,尤其是严重的撞车事故。💡 常用“be injured in a smash”或“a road smash”这样的搭配。这个义项带有英国、爱尔兰口语色彩,在其他英语地区通常说“car crash”或“traffic accident”。不要把这里的 smash 理解成事故发出的声音。Ireland UK colloquial countable uncountableTwo people were taken to hospital after the smash.撞车事故后有两人被送往医院。
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core 大获成功的事物📖 指音乐、节目、食品或时尚等非常成功、非常受欢迎的东西,仿佛它猛烈地“击中”了大众。💡 常用“be a smash”或“a smash hit”,后面可接电影、节目、歌曲等。这个用法是口语化的,表示成功程度很高,不只是一般的“不错”。不要与表示撞碎的具体名词义混淆。colloquial countable uncountableHer first album was a smash with teenagers.她的第一张专辑在青少年中大获成功。
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common 猛烈扣杀📖 在网球等运动中,指从高处用力向下击出的球,目的是让对手难以接到。💡 常用“hit a smash”或“return a smash”。这是体育术语,尤其常见于网球等有高位强力击球的运动。不要把所有大力击球都叫 smash,它通常强调从较高位置向下猛击。countable uncountableShe finished the point with a powerful smash.她用一记有力的扣杀结束了这一分。
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rare 破产📖 古旧或历史语境中指企业突然破产,即经营彻底垮掉。archaic colloquial countable uncountable
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rare 灾难;糟糕局面📖 古旧口语中指事情彻底失控或陷入灾难。archaic colloquial countable uncountable
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rare 捣碎的食物📖 指被压碎或捣碎后形成的食物,核心仍是“弄碎”。countable uncountable
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rare 水果块鸡尾酒📖 一种含有新鲜水果块的鸡尾酒,饮用后通常可以吃掉水果块。countable uncountable
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rare 空速;动压📖 航空语境中的非正式术语,指飞行器的空速或由飞行速度产生的动压。countable informal uncountable
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rare 毁坏;破坏状态📖 古旧用法,指物品或场所被彻底毁坏的状态。archaic uncountable
smashes
plural
verb
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core 猛力打碎📖 用很大的力量把易碎物品打破或打成碎片,是 smash 最直接的动词义。💡 常用“smash + 物体 + to pieces”或“smash + 物体 + into/against + 地点”。这是及物动词,通常需要明确的受事。不要只用 smash 表示普通的“打”或“碰”。transitiveThe ball smashed the window.球把窗户砸碎了。He smashed the old vase to pieces.他把那个旧花瓶砸得粉碎。
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common 被撞碎📖 不及物用法,指物品因受到撞击而碎掉,重点在物品本身发生破碎。💡 常用“物品 + smash”或“smash as/when + 从句”。这里不需要宾语,因为破碎的物品就是主语。若要说明是谁或什么造成破碎,应改用及物结构“smash + 物体”。intransitiveThe plate smashed on the kitchen floor.盘子掉在厨房地板上摔碎了。
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core 猛烈击打📖 用极大的力量击打某人或某物,不一定强调把它打碎;核心仍是猛烈的冲击。💡 常用“smash + 人/物 + against/into + 地点”表示把某物猛撞到某处。它比 hit 强得多,常暗示冲击很重。身体部位作宾语时,要注意表达可能描述受伤或危险动作。transitiveHe smashed the ball into the wall.他把球狠狠地砸向墙壁。The waves smashed the boat against the rocks.海浪把船猛地撞在礁石上。
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common 彻底毁掉📖 引申为突然、完全地破坏某种希望、计划或可能性。💡 常用“smash + hope/plan/expectation”或“smash any hopes of + 名词/动名词”。这是比 ruin 更有冲击感的比喻用法。宾语通常是抽象名词,不要在这里按字面理解为真的打碎。figuratively transitiveThe cancellation smashed our plans for the weekend.这次取消彻底打乱了我们周末的计划。
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core 压倒性击败📖 在比赛或竞争中大比分、以压倒性的优势击败对手,像把对方彻底撞倒一样。💡 常用“smash + 对手”或“smash + 对手 + 比分”。这是口语化、带强调色彩的体育和新闻用法,正式场合可换成 defeat decisively。不要把它误解为只赢一点点。figuratively transitiveOur team smashed the champions 5–0.我们队以五比零大胜卫冕冠军。
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common 压扁;压变形📖 通过持续施压把材料压平或压得变形,常用于黏土等柔软材料。💡 常用“smash + 材料 + flat”。这个义项在美国英语中较常见,但具体语境仍应强调持续施压造成变形。不要把它和一次性的猛烈撞击完全等同。US transitiveShe smashed the clay flat with her palm.她用手掌把黏土压平了。
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rare 与某人发生性关系📖 粗俗俚语,指与某人发生性关系;属于成人用语,正式或礼貌场合不使用。slang transitive vulgar
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rare 毁掉;失败📖 古旧俚语用法,表示走向破产、毁灭或彻底失败。archaic intransitive slang
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rare 使用假钞📖 英国和爱尔兰旧俚语中指流通或使用伪造货币。Ireland UK obsolete slang
smashes
present,singular,third-person
smashing
participle,present
smashed
participle,past
smashed
past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 16 组
a conspicuous success; ;
同义词集:
hit
smash
smasher
strike
bang
that song was his first hit and marked the beginning of his career
that new Broadway show is a real smasher
the party went with a bang
上位: success
下位: blockbuster, megahit, sleeper, smash hit
the act of colliding with something;
同义词集:
crash
smash
his crash through the window
the fullback's smash into the defensive line
上位: hit, hitting, striking
break suddenly into pieces, as from a violent blow
同义词集:
smash
The window smashed
上位: break, come apart, fall apart, separate, split up
break into pieces, as by striking or knocking over
同义词集:
smash
dash
Smash a plate
上位: break
下位: blast, knock down
with a loud crash
同义词集:
smash
smashingly
the car went smash through the fence
a hard return hitting the tennis ball above your head
同义词集:
overhead
smash
上位: return
overthrow or destroy (something considered evil or harmful)
同义词集:
smash
The police smashed the drug ring after they were tipped off
上位: demolish, destroy
hit hard
同义词集:
smash
nail
boom
blast
He smashed a 3-run homer
上位: hit
collide or strike violently and suddenly
同义词集:
smash
The motorcycle smashed into the guard rail
上位: clash, collide
hit (a tennis ball) in a powerful overhead stroke
同义词集:
smash
上位: hit
damage or destroy as if by violence
同义词集:
bang up
smash up
smash
The teenager banged up the car of his mother
上位: damage
humiliate or depress completely;
同义词集:
crush
smash
She was crushed by his refusal of her invitation
The death of her son smashed her
上位: abase, chagrin, humble, humiliate, mortify
hit violently
同义词集:
smash
She smashed her car against the guard rail
上位: hit, strike
reduce to bankruptcy;
同义词集:
bankrupt
ruin
break
smash
My daughter's fancy wedding is going to break me!
The slump in the financial markets smashed him
a serious collision (especially of motor vehicles)
同义词集:
smash
smash-up
上位: collision
a vigorous blow; ;
同义词集:
knock
bash
bang
smash
belt
the sudden knock floored him
he took a bash right in his face
he got a bang on the head
上位: blow, bump
🌳 词源
词源不确定,可能来自模仿嘴唇啪嗒作响的声音;与瑞典语、丹麦语和低地德语中表示“吧嗒作响、亲吻”的相关词有联系。
Uncertain, probably of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Swedish smask (“to smack with the lips”), dialectal Swedish smaska (“to smack, kiss”), Danish smaske (“to smack with the lips”), Low German smaksen (“to smack with the lips, kiss”).
🔄 变式
smashed
past
smashes
plural
smashing
present
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