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shape

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🇺🇸 /ʃˈeɪp/

noun 编号: S02219 牛津3000 BNC #1200 COCA #1267

shape 既可作名词表示物体的形状、外形或状态，也可作动词表示塑造、使成形，或对人和事物产生影响。

💡 记忆钩子

把 shape 想成“给东西画出轮廓、定下样子”：轮廓本身是“形状”，东西目前呈现的样子就是“状态”，把面团或想法变成某种样子就是“塑造”，而经历和环境也能“塑造”一个人的性格或观点。

📝 学习建议

学习时先掌握名词“形状”和“状态”、动词“塑造”和“影响”这条主线，不要把它只记成“形状”。
看到描述人的 shape 时，常常指健康和体能状况，而不是人的外貌；描述物品时则多指保存状况。
“shape”与“size”不同：前者侧重轮廓或整体状态，后者侧重大小。

📖 中文释义

noun

core 状况；状态

📖 指某件东西目前的状况，尤其是是否完好、能否继续使用。这个意义把“形状”扩展成了事物呈现出来的整体样子。

💡 常用“in good shape”“in bad shape”或“the shape of + 物品”来说明状况。它既能形容保存得好不好，也能形容事物整体是否令人满意；不要误解为只谈外轮廓。

countable uncountable

The old bicycle is still in good shape.

那辆旧自行车状况仍然很好。

The sofa was in terrible shape after the move.

搬家后，那张沙发的状况糟透了。
core 健康和体能状态

📖 专指人的身体健康、体力和肌肉状态，尤其强调是否强健、是否适合运动。这里仍然是“身体呈现出的状态”。

💡 描述体能时常用“in shape”“in good shape”或“get into shape”。通常指身体状况，不等于单纯的外貌好看；谈一个人的体形时要根据上下文判断具体含义。

countable uncountable

She swims every morning to stay in shape.

她每天早上游泳来保持体能。

After the illness, he is not yet back in shape.

生病后，他的体能还没有恢复。
core 形状；外轮廓

📖 指物体的外形、边界或轮廓，例如圆形、星形或不规则形状。这是最直接、最核心的“形状”意义。

💡 常用“the shape of + 名词”询问或描述外形，也可用“in the shape of + 名词”表示“呈……形状”。它侧重轮廓和整体外形，不专门说明大小、颜色或材质。

countable uncountable

We cut the sandwiches into the shape of stars.

我们把三明治切成星星的形状。

The table has an unusual oval shape.

这张桌子是很特别的椭圆形。
common 形式；构造

📖 指某物形成的具体样式或构造，不一定只强调外边界，也可以指身体、作品或安排呈现出的整体形式。

💡 常见结构是“take the shape of + 名词”，表示逐渐形成某种形式。这个意义比单纯的几何外形更宽，不能机械地只译成某一种图形。

countable uncountable

The discussion gradually took the shape of a practical plan.

这场讨论逐渐形成了一个切实可行的计划。
rare 特殊截面金属材

📖 在钢铁制造业中，指截面形状不同于普通条材的轧制或锤制金属材。

countable uncountable
rare 锻造毛坯

📖 在锻造业中，指已经粗略锻成接近最终形状、但还需要继续加工的金属件。

countable uncountable
rare 模制甜点

📖 旧式用法中，指用模具制成的果冻、奶冻等食物，或用于制作这类食物的模具。

archaic countable uncountable
rare 作弊骰子

📖 赌博语境中的旧式用法，指灌铅或经过处理、会偏向某些结果的骰子；它可以看作被人为改变了“状态”的骰子。

countable uncountable
rare 数据结构

📖 在 Hack 编程语言中，指一组有名称和数据类型的数据字段，也就是一种规定数据外形的结构。

countable uncountable

shapes plural

verb

rare 创造；造出

📖 古旧或英国北部、苏格兰方言用法，表示创造或制造某物，是“使其成形”的早期扩展。

Northern-England Scotland rare
core 塑形成形

📖 指通过手工或其他方式，把某物做成明确的形状或轮廓。重点是让原本没有固定样子的东西获得可辨认的外形。

💡 常用“shape + 物品 + into + 形状或名词”，也可直接说“shape + 物品”。“shape the clay into a bowl”表示把黏土塑成碗，不要在这种结构中再误加表示被动的介词。

transitive

Shape the dough into small balls before baking.

烘烤前，把面团塑成小球。

The artist shaped the metal by hand.

艺术家用手把金属塑造成形。
common 使形成某种样子

📖 指对材料、结构或事物进行加工和调整，使它逐渐呈现某种具体形式；比单次“做成形状”更强调塑造过程。

💡 常用“shape + 宾语 + into + 名词”或“be shaped into + 名词”。它可以用于实体材料，也可以用于计划、故事等较抽象的对象，但不能把它简单替换成表示切割的动词。

The designer shaped the room into a quiet reading space.

设计师把这个房间改造成了安静的阅读空间。
core 影响；塑造

📖 指经历、环境、人物或思想逐渐影响某人或某事，使其形成现在的性格、观点、方向或结果。这里塑造的不是外形，而是更抽象的“样子”。

💡 常用“某事 shape + 人或事物”以及“be shaped by + 影响来源”。主语通常是经历、文化、教育或环境，而不是被影响的人；表达长期形成的影响时尤其自然。

person

Her childhood experiences shaped the way she sees the world.

她童年的经历塑造了她看待世界的方式。

The local culture has shaped the town's character.

当地文化塑造了这座城镇的特色。
rare 使适合；使相合

📖 古旧用法，表示使某物调整到适合某种目的或与某种要求相符，可以看作把它塑造成合适的状态。
rare 想象；设想

📖 废弃用法，表示在头脑中塑造出一个想法或形象，因而有“想象、设想”的意思。

obsolete

shapes present,singular,third-person shaping participle,present shaped past shope obsolete,past shaped participle,past shope obsolete,participle,past shapen archaic,participle,past shape first-person,present,singular shaped first-person,past,singular shope archaic,first-person,past,singular shape present,second-person,singular shapest archaic,present,second-person,singular shaped past,second-person,singular shapedst archaic,past,second-person,singular shope archaic,past,second-person,singular shapeth archaic,present,singular,third-person shaped past,singular,third-person shope archaic,past,singular,third-person shape plural,present shaped past,plural shope archaic,past,plural shape present,subjunctive shaped past,subjunctive shope archaic,past,subjunctive shape imperative,present - imperative,past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 11 组

the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance

同义词集: shape form

geometry is the mathematical science of shape

上位: attribute 下位: circle, column, connection, connexion, distorted shape, distortion, figure, flair, flare, line, link, pillar, plane, plume, sheet, solid, square, tower, triangle

give shape or form to;

同义词集: shape form

shape the dough

form the young child's character

上位: alter, change, modify 下位: block, blow, circle, cup, deform, dimension, dish, distort, draw, encircle, fit, flatten, fork, plume, ridge, roll, round, round off, round out, scallop, scollop, sliver, square, square up, strain, strike, terrace, tie, turn, twist

shape or influence; give direction to;

同义词集: determine shape mold influence regulate

experience often determines ability

mold public opinion

上位: cause, do, make 下位: decide, dispose, incline, index, pace, reshape, time

make something, usually for a specific function; ; ;

同义词集: shape form work mold mould forge

She molded the rice balls carefully

Form cylinders from the dough

shape a figure

Work the metal into a sword

下位: beat, carve, cast, chip, coil, grind, hand-build, handbuild, hill, layer, machine, model, mold, mould, mound, puddle, remold, reshape, sculpt, sculpture, stamp, swage, throw, upset

the visual appearance of something or someone

同义词集: form shape cast

the delicate cast of his features

上位: appearance, visual aspect

any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline)

同义词集: shape form configuration contour conformation

he could barely make out their shapes

下位: curvature, curve, keenness, narrowing, sharpness, stratification, topography

alternative names for the body of a human being; ;

同义词集: human body physical body material body soma build figure physique anatomy shape bod chassis frame form flesh

Leonardo studied the human body

he has a strong physique

the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak

上位: body, organic structure 下位: person

a perceptual structure;

同义词集: form shape pattern

the composition presents problems for students of musical form

a visual pattern must include not only objects but the spaces between them

上位: structure 下位: fractal, grid, kaleidoscope, mosaic, strand

a concrete representation of an otherwise nebulous concept

同义词集: shape embodiment

a circle was the embodiment of his concept of life

the supreme headquarters that advises NATO on military matters and oversees all aspects of the Allied Command Europe

同义词集: supreme headquarters allied powers europe shape

the state of (good) health (especially in the phrases `in condition' or `in shape' or `out of condition' or `out of shape')

同义词集: condition shape

下位: fitness, physical fitness

🌳 词源

名词和动词都源自古英语中表示“形状、形成、创造”的词，后来发展出“状态”和“塑造”等相关意义；与英语后缀“-ship”同源。

Proto-West Germanic *gaskap Old English ġesċeap Proto-Germanic *skēpą Proto-West Germanic *skāp Old English sċeap Middle English schap English shape From Middle English schap, schape, from Old English ġesceap (“shape, form, created being, creature, creation, dispensation, fate, condition, sex, gender, genitalia”), from Proto-West Germanic *ga- + *skap, from Proto-Germanic *ga- + *skapą (“shape, nature, condition”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep- (“to split, cut”). The verb is from Middle English shapen, schapen, from Old English scieppan (“to shape, form, make, create, assign, arrange, destine, order, adjudge”), from Proto-West Germanic *skappjan, from Proto-Germanic *skapjaną (“to create”), from the noun. The noun is cognate with Middle Dutch schap (“form”), Middle High German geschaf (“creature”), Icelandic skap (“state, condition, temper, mood”). The verb is cognate with Dutch scheppen, German schaffen, Swedish skapa (“create, make”), Norwegian Bokmål skape (“create”). Doublet of -ship.

🔄 变式

- imperat shaped 1st_sg shapedst archaic shapen archaic shapes plural shapest archaic shapeth archaic shaping present shope archaic

🏷 单词标签 & 词根