← 返回单词列表

separate

★★★★

🇺🇸 /sˈɛpɚˌeɪt/

adj 编号: S01920 牛津3000 BNC #1256 COCA #1892

separate 的核心概念是“分开、彼此不连在一起”；它既可表示分离的状态，也可表示把人或物分开，还可指单独出售的服装等物品。

💡 记忆钩子

想象把一整组东西拆开：原来连在一起的部分变成彼此独立的“分开状态”，所以 separate 可表示“分开的”；把东西拆开的动作是“分离、隔开”，而单独出售的衣物则是从整套服装中“分出来”的单件。

📝 学习建议

先掌握“分开、彼此独立”这一核心，再区分形容词、动词和名词用法。
不要把 separate 只理解成“分手”；它也常用于物品、类别、生活领域和液体等普通语境。

📖 中文释义

adj

core 单独的；不相连的

📖 指某个东西是独立的一件，不和其他部分连在一起。例如一把椅子可以拆成五个彼此独立的部分。

💡 常见句型是“separate + 名词”或“be separate from + 名词”。它强调物理上或结构上的分开，和表示“分别地”的副词用法不同。描述成套物品时，separate 不一定表示互不相关，只表示没有连成一体。

not-comparable

The machine has three separate sections.

这台机器有三个彼此独立的部分。
core 分开的；不在一起的

📖 指两个人、两件事或两个领域没有合在一起，各自保持独立。比如个人生活和工作可以彼此分开。

💡 常用句型是“keep A separate from B”或“have separate A and B”。它既可描述实际位置，也可描述责任、生活领域或关系上的区分。不要把 separate from 误写成 separate with。

not-comparable

She keeps her study area separate from the bedroom.

她把学习区域和卧室分开。

noun

common 单件服装

📖 指不作为整套服装出售、而是可以单独购买和搭配的衣物，例如上衣、裙子或裤子。

💡 通常用复数“separates”，常和表示服装类别的词连用。它强调服装是分开售卖、可以自由搭配，不是泛指任何单独物品。学习时把它和整套服装的概念对照记忆。

plural-normally

The store sells separates that can be mixed and matched.

这家商店出售可以自由搭配的单件服装。
rare 单独刊印本

📖 指把期刊或文集中的一篇文章单独印出来、作为独立出版物发行的版本。

💡 常出现在出版、学术和文献目录语境中，通常和表示文章或期刊的词一起使用。这个意义不是日常对话中的普通“分开的一份”，遇到专业文本时再重点辨认。

separates plural

verb

core 拆分；分成几部分

📖 指把一个整体拆成彼此独立的部分，正是“把连在一起的东西分开”的动作。

💡 常用句型是“separate A into B”或“separate A from B”。into 后面说明拆成什么部分，from 后面说明和什么对象分开。不要漏掉介词 into，尤其是在强调分成多个部分时。

transitive

Please separate the papers into three piles.

请把这些纸分成三堆。
core 使脱离；断开

📖 指让某人或某物离开原来的群体、连接或关系，不再和它们连在一起。

💡 常用句型是“separate A from B”，也可用被动结构“be separated from”。宾语可以是人、群体、物体或抽象关系；不要只把它理解成物理上的切断。

transitive

The fence separates the playground from the road.

围栏把操场和道路隔开。
core 把人或物隔开

📖 指有意让原本在一起的人或物分别待着，避免它们继续靠在一起或互相影响。

💡 常用句型是“separate A and B”或“separate A from B”。对象通常是两个或多个具体的人、动物或物品，语境往往带有管理、保护或解决冲突的目的。和 s1 相比，这里重点是安排它们彼此隔开，而不是拆解一个整体。

transitive

The teacher separated the two students after the argument.

争吵后，老师把那两个学生分开了。
common 自行分离；分层

📖 指某种混合物或整体自己分成不同部分，不是由人主动拆开。比如酱汁放置或搅拌不当后会分层。

💡 这是不及物用法，主语是会自行分开的物质或部分，不能直接带宾语。常见于食物、液体和化学混合物语境；表示“使它分开”时要改用及物结构。

intransitive

The dressing may separate if it sits too long.

这种调味汁放太久可能会分层。
rare 挑出；选派

📖 指把某人或某物从群体中挑出来，安排去执行特殊任务；这是“从整体中分出来”的古旧用法。

💡 这个意义主要见于古旧或宗教文本，现代日常英语中通常改用表示选择、任命或指派的词。阅读古文时可根据“从群体中挑出”的核心概念理解，不必作为主动表达重点学习。

obsolete

separates present,singular,third-person separating participle,present separated participle,past separated past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 19 组

standing apart; not attached to or supported by anything;

同义词集: freestanding separate

a freestanding bell tower

a house with a separate garage

近似: detached

divide into two or more branches so as to form a fork

同义词集: branch ramify fork furcate separate

The road forks

上位: diverge 下位: twig 参见: branch out, broaden, diversify

become separated into pieces or fragments;

同义词集: break separate split up fall apart come apart

The figurine broke

The freshly baked loaf fell apart

下位: break open, break up, burst, bust, crack, crush, fragment, fragmentise, fragmentize, ladder, puncture, run, smash, snap, split 参见: break down, break up, decompose

have the connection undone; having become separate

同义词集: disjoined separate

近似: unconnected

mark as different

同义词集: distinguish separate differentiate secern secernate severalize severalise tell tell apart

We distinguish several kinds of maple

上位: identify, place 下位: contrast, discriminate, know, know apart, label, sex, single out

arrange or order by classes or categories

同义词集: classify class sort assort sort out separate

How would you classify these pottery shards--are they prehistoric?

上位: categorise, categorize 下位: catalog, catalogue, count, grade, group, isolate, number, pigeonhole, refer, size, stamp, stereotype

separated according to race, sex, class, or religion;

同义词集: separate

separate but equal

girls and boys in separate classes

近似: segregated, unintegrated

divide into components or constituents

同义词集: separate

Separate the wheat from the chaff

下位: break down, break up, card, decompose, disperse, extract, filter, filter out, filtrate, separate out, sieve, sift, strain, tease, wash

force, take, or pull apart;

同义词集: separate disunite divide part

He separated the fighting children

Moses parted the Red Sea

上位: displace, move 下位: break, break up, bust, cut, disconnect, gin, isolate, joint, keep apart, rupture, sequester, sequestrate, set apart, sever, snap, tear

come apart

同义词集: separate divide part

The two pieces that we had glued separated

上位: change 下位: break away, break off, chip, chip off, come away, come off, detach, partition, partition off, reduce, section, segment

go one's own way; move apart

同义词集: separate part split

The friends separated after the party

上位: move 下位: disperse, dissipate, scatter, spread out

make a division or separation

同义词集: separate divide

下位: break, break up, detach, dispel, disperse, dissipate, partition, rail, rail off, scatter, zone

independent; not united or joint; ;

同义词集: separate

a problem consisting of two separate issues

they went their separate ways

formed a separate church

反义: joint 近似: detached, discrete, disjunct, distinct, isolated, separated, set-apart, unaccompanied 参见: divided, independent, individual, other, segregated, single, unintegrated

discontinue an association or relation; go different ways; ;

同义词集: separate part split up split break break up

The business partners broke over a tax question

The couple separated after 25 years of marriage

My friend and I split up

下位: break, break away, disassociate, disjoint, dissociate, disunite, divorce, secede, splinter, split up

separate into parts or portions;

同义词集: divide split split up separate dissever carve up

divide the cake into three equal parts

The British carved up the Ottoman Empire after World War I

反义: unify, unite 下位: canton, format, initialise, initialize, lot, paragraph, parcel, sliver, splinter

treat differently on the basis of sex or race

同义词集: discriminate separate single out

上位: differentiate, distinguish, secern, secernate, severalise, severalize, tell, tell apart 下位: disadvantage, disfavor, disfavour, insulate, isolate

act as a barrier between; stand between

同义词集: separate divide

The mountain range divides the two countries

a garment that can be purchased separately and worn in combinations with other garments

同义词集: separate

上位: garment

a separately printed article that originally appeared in a larger publication

同义词集: offprint reprint separate

上位: article

🌳 词源

来自拉丁语，词源核心含有“分开”的意思；动词、形容词和名词是同一词族的不同用法。

From Middle English separaten (“to separate”), from separat (“separated”) + -en, from Latin sēparātus, perfect passive participle of sēparō (“to separate”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from sē- (“apart”) + parō (“prepare”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“produce, procure, bring forward, bring forth”). Displaced Middle English scheden, from Old English scēadan (whence English shed). Doublet of sever, also derived from the same Latin verb.

🔄 变式

separated past separates plural separating present

🏷 单词标签 & 词根