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sense

★★★★★
🇺🇸 /sˈɛns/
noun 编号: S01887 牛津3000 BNC #417 COCA #407
sense 的核心是“感知和理解事物的方式”:既可以指视觉、听觉等感官,也可以指意识、判断力、意义以及某种方向。
💡 记忆钩子
把 sense 想成一条从“感觉”通向“理解”的路:先用感官感知世界,再形成对情况的意识和判断,最后可以理解某句话或某件事的意义;因此它还可以延伸为对音乐等事物的感觉、运动的方向,甚至生物学中“有意义、能直接指定产物”的链。
📝 学习建议
  • 先掌握“感官”“意识或感觉”“判断力”“意义”这几个高频义项,再学习科学术语中的方向和核酸链含义。
  • 不要把 sense 只理解成“感觉”;在“有道理、讲得通”以及“常识、判断力”等表达中,它常常不是身体感官的意思。
📖 中文释义
noun
  • core 感官
    📖 指生物感知外界物理世界的能力,如视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉;也可以指其中的一种感官。
    💡 常用结构是 the five senses、a sense of touch,以及 lose one’s sense of smell。表示“五感”时通常用复数 senses;不要把它和单纯的情绪感受混为一谈,后者常属于其他义项。
    countable uncountable
    Our sense of smell becomes weaker as we get older.
    我们的嗅觉会随着年龄增长而变弱。
    The dark room made it harder to use our other senses.
    黑暗的房间让我们更难运用其他感官。
  • core 意识;感觉
    📖 指心智对某种情况、状态或危险的察觉,也可以表示由这种察觉形成的内在感觉,如安全感。
    💡 常用结构是 a sense of 加名词,如 a sense of security、a sense of danger;也常说 have a sense that 加从句。这里通常不是“某一种感官”,而是对情况的意识或主观感觉。
    countable uncountable
    She had a strong sense that something was wrong.
    她强烈地感觉到有些不对劲。
    The warm lighting gives the room a sense of comfort.
    温暖的灯光让房间给人一种舒适感。
  • common 判断力;常识
    📖 指根据实际情况作出合理判断的能力,尤其是分辨明智做法和危险做法的能力。
    💡 常用结构是 common sense、good sense、use your sense 或 make sense to someone。common sense 通常表示“常识、基本判断力”,不是“共同拥有的感觉”;形容一个决定合理时也可说 it makes sense。
    countable uncountable
    Use your common sense and check the instructions first.
    用点常识,先看看说明。
  • core 意义;道理
    📖 指语言、行为或情况所表达的意义、理由或价值;如果某件事没有 sense,就表示它让人无法理解或不合道理。
    💡 常用结构是 make sense、make no sense、the sense of something,以及 in this sense。make sense 表示“讲得通、合理或容易理解”,不能只按字面理解成“制造感觉”;询问词语含义时也常用 What is the sense of this word?
    countable uncountable
    Your explanation makes sense now.
    你的解释现在讲得通了。
    This rule makes no sense in practice.
    这条规定在实际中毫无道理。
  • common 鉴赏力;天赋
    📖 指对某种事物的自然敏感度、鉴赏能力或处理能力,例如对音乐、幽默或方向的感觉。
    💡 常用结构是 a sense of 加领域名词,如 a sense of humor、a sense of rhythm 或 a sense of style。这里不是说拥有一种身体感官,而是说某人对某方面特别敏感或有天分。
    countable uncountable
    She has a great sense of humor.
    她很有幽默感。
  • rare 表达方式;语义
    📖 在语言学等语境中,指同一个对象或概念被呈现、理解或表达的某种方式。
    💡 通常出现在学术讨论中,常与 word、expression 或 referent 等词搭配。学习者在普通对话中一般不需要主动使用这个义项,遇到 in this sense 时要根据上下文理解为“在这种意义上”。
    countable uncountable
  • rare 向量方向
    📖 在数学和物理中,指向量或运动可能指向的两个相反方向之一,可看作“朝哪边走”。
    💡 常见于 direction、vector 和 positive or negative 等技术搭配。它是专业义项,不要和日常生活中表示“方向”的普通词义混用。
    countable uncountable
  • rare 旋转方向
    📖 在数学和科学语境中,指旋转的两个相反方向之一,即顺时针或逆时针方向。
    💡 通常出现在 clockwise、counterclockwise 或 rotation 等技术搭配中。普通语境下说旋转方向时,往往直接使用表示方向的词,不必主动用这个义项。
    countable uncountable
  • rare 有义链;编码链
    📖 在分子生物学中,指能直接决定所生成产物的那条核酸链;这是从“承载并表达意义”的核心概念延伸出的专业用法。
    💡 只用于核酸、链和基因表达等专业搭配中,常与 strand 连用。它不是日常意义上的“感觉”,也不能泛指任何有用的核酸链。
    countable uncountable
senses plural
verb
  • core 感知
    📖 指用视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉或触觉察觉到某个对象或变化。
    💡 常用结构是 sense something 或 sense something coming。它比具体的 see、hear 等词更概括,强调“通过感官察觉到”,不一定说明是哪一种感官;后面通常直接接宾语。
    The dog sensed movement outside the house.
    狗察觉到屋外有动静。
    I sensed smoke before I saw the fire.
    我还没看到火,就先闻到了烟味。
  • core 察觉;意识到
    📖 指不一定经过明确推理,凭直觉或细微迹象意识到某种态度、情绪或情况。
    💡 常用结构是 sense that 加从句,或 sense something in someone’s voice。表示“察觉某人不高兴”时可以直接说 sense someone’s displeasure;不要把它误解成已经完全确定或证明了事实。
    I sensed that he was disappointed.
    我察觉到他很失望。
    She sensed tension in the room.
    她察觉到房间里的气氛很紧张。
  • common 理解
    📖 指理解某句话、观点或行为的意义和道理,强调心里明白它表达了什么。
    💡 常用结构是 sense what、sense why 或 sense the meaning of something。这个义项较正式,日常对话中 understand 往往更直接;不要把它和 make sense 混淆,后者通常描述某事本身“讲得通”。
    After reading the report twice, I finally sensed what it meant.
    我把报告读了两遍后,终于明白了它的意思。
senses present,singular,third-person sensing participle,present sensed participle,past sensed past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 9 组
comprehend
同义词集: sense
I sensed the real meaning of his letter
上位: understand
become aware of not through the senses but instinctively; ;
同义词集: smell smell out sense
I sense his hostility
I smell trouble
smell out corruption
上位: perceive
perceive by a physical sensation, e.g., coming from the skin or muscles; ; ;
同义词集: feel sense
He felt the wind
She felt an object brushing her arm
He felt his flesh crawl
She felt the heat when she got out of the car
上位: comprehend, perceive
detect some circumstance or entity automatically;
同义词集: sense
This robot can sense the presence of people in the room
particle detectors sense ionization
上位: detect, discover, find, notice, observe
sound practical judgment; ;
同义词集: common sense good sense gumption horse sense sense mother wit
Common sense is not so common
he hasn't got the sense God gave little green apples
fortunately she had the good sense to run away
上位: discernment, judgement, judgment, sagaciousness, sagacity 下位: logic, nous
the faculty through which the external world is apprehended
同义词集: sense sensation sentience sentiency sensory faculty
in the dark he had to depend on touch and on his senses of smell and hearing
上位: faculty, mental faculty, module 下位: modality, sense modality, sensibility, sensitiveness, sensitivity, sensory system
a general conscious awareness; ; ;
同义词集: sense
a sense of security
a sense of happiness
a sense of danger
a sense of self
上位: awareness, cognisance, cognizance, consciousness, knowingness
a natural appreciation or ability;
同义词集: sense
a keen musical sense
a good sense of timing
上位: appreciation, grasp, hold
the meaning of a word or expression; the way in which a word or expression or situation can be interpreted; ;
同义词集: sense signified
the dictionary gave several senses for the word
in the best sense charity is really a duty
the signifier is linked to the signified
上位: import, meaning, significance, signification
🌳 词源
源自中古英语,经过古法语和拉丁语等词源发展而来,核心都与“感觉、知觉、意义和判断”有关。
Proto-Indo-European *sent-der. Proto-Italic *sentiō Latin sentiō Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Italic *-tus Latin -tus Latin sēnsusbor. Proto-Germanic *sinnaz Frankish *sinnbor. Vulgar Latin *sennus Old French sensbor. Middle English sense English sense From Middle English sense, from Old French sens, sen, san (“sense, perception, direction”); partly from Latin sēnsus (“sensation, feeling, meaning”), from sentiō (“feel, perceive”); partly of Germanic origin (whence also Occitan sen, Italian senno), from Vulgar Latin *sennus (“sense, reason, way”), from Frankish *sinn ("reason, judgement, mental faculty, way, direction"; whence also Dutch zin, German Sinn, Swedish sinne, Norwegian sinn). Both Latin and Germanic from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to feel”).
🔄 变式
sensed past senses plural sensing present
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