self-contained

self-contained 主要表示“自成一体、无需外部支持”，也可形容人不太与外界交流、比较封闭。

💡 记忆钩子

把它想成一个“自己装完整了的盒子”：东西或系统在盒子里就能独立运作，所以是“自给自足、完整独立的”；人如果也把自己关在这样的盒子里，就会显得不太向外敞开、比较封闭。

📝 学习建议

先掌握“独立完整、无需外援”这一核心义，再理解形容人的“封闭、内向”义。
不要把它简单理解成“自包含”这一生硬直译；根据对象选择“自成一体”“自给自足”或“封闭内向”等自然说法。

📖 中文释义

adj

core 自成一体；无需外援

📖 指某个东西内部已经具备完成任务或正常运作所需的条件，不必依靠额外的设备、资源或支持；它就像一个内容齐全、可以独立使用的盒子。

💡 常用模式是 self-contained + 名词，例如表示住所、系统或课程自成一体。它强调“完整且能独立运作”，不只是“体积小”或“被装在一个容器里”。在介绍设施或方案时通常是中性、积极的说法。

The cabin is self-contained, with its own kitchen and bathroom.

这间小屋设施齐全，配有自己的厨房和卫生间。

Each lesson is self-contained, so you can study it on its own.

每一课都是独立完整的，所以可以单独学习。
common 封闭内向；不与外界交流

📖 形容人时，表示一个人把注意力和情感收在自己内部，不太主动与别人交流，因此显得拘谨、封闭或不易接近。

💡 常用模式是 be self-contained 或 a self-contained person。用于人时通常描述性格或状态，语气可能略带批评；不要把它自动理解成褒义的“独立自主”，因为这里重点是与外界保持距离。

idiomatic

As a teenager, she was quiet and self-contained.

她十几岁时很安静，也比较封闭内向。

more self-contained comparative most self-contained superlative

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 2 组

constituting a complete and independent unit in and of itself

同义词集: self-contained

the university is like a self-contained city with shops and all amenities

近似: complete

in full control of your faculties; ; ;

同义词集: collected equanimous poised self-collected self-contained self-possessed

the witness remained collected throughout the cross-examination

perfectly poised and sure of himself

more self-contained and more dependable than many of the early frontiersmen

strong and self-possessed in the face of trouble

近似: composed

🌳 词源

由 self-（自己）和 contained（被容纳在其中的）构成，字面上是“把一切都装在自己里面”。

Proto-Indo-European *swé? Proto-Indo-European *selbʰ-der. Proto-Germanic *selbaz Old English self Old English self- Middle English self- English self- Latin contineōder. Latin continērelbor. Old French contenirbor. English contain Old English -ed Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz Old English -od Middle English -ed English -ed English contained English self-contained From self- + contained.

🔄 变式

more self-contained compar most self-contained superl

🏷 单词标签 & 词根