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sedate
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🇺🇸 /sɪdˈeɪt/
🇬🇧 /sɪˈdeɪt/
sedate既可表示人或气氛沉着安静、不喧闹,也可表示使人平静,尤其指用镇静药使人安静或入睡;形容建筑时还可指朴素庄重、不显眼。
💡 记忆钩子
把sedate想成“让一切坐稳、安定下来”:人坐稳了就是沉着安静,建筑收起华饰就是朴素庄重;让别人坐稳、平静下来,则是使其镇静,医疗中还可用药使人安静或入睡。
📝 学习建议
- 不要把sedate只理解成“镇静药”;先掌握形容人的“沉着安静”,再学习动词“使平静或镇静”。
- 它不是“悲伤”或“冷漠”,重点是情绪和行为稳定、不激动。
📖 中文释义
adj
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core 沉着安静的📖 指一个人、他的举止或某种气氛平静而克制,不容易激动,也不会表现出过多的活跃和兴奋;常含有稳重、得体的意味。💡 常用搭配是“a sedate person”“a sedate manner”或“a sedate atmosphere”。它多用于较正式的描述,强调外在表现平稳、有分寸,而不只是暂时保持安静。不要把它误解为“睡着了”或“没有感情”。Despite the noise around him, he remained sedate and focused.尽管周围很吵,他仍然沉着专注。The restaurant has a sedate atmosphere that suits quiet conversations.这家餐厅气氛安静沉稳,适合轻声交谈。
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common 朴素庄重的📖 形容建筑、街道或装饰时,指外观整齐、庄重而不华丽,不用醒目的装饰来吸引注意。💡 常见结构是“a sedate building/house/street”或“sedate colours”。这个用法多见于描述建筑和环境,语气通常中性或略带赞赏。不要把它理解为“破旧”,它可以指维护良好但风格低调。They moved into a sedate townhouse near the park.他们搬进了公园附近一栋朴素庄重的联排住宅。
more sedate
comparative
sedater
comparative
most sedate
superlative
sedatest
superlative
verb
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common 用镇静药使安静或入睡📖 指给人使用镇静药,使其变得非常平静、反应减弱,甚至进入睡眠状态;这是比普通安抚更强、也更具体的医疗用法。💡 常见结构是“sedate the patient”或“the patient was sedated before the procedure”。这个用法主要出现在医疗或新闻语境中,常用被动语态说明某人接受了镇静。不要把它和只表示“说服某人冷静”的一般安慰混为一谈。The doctor sedated the patient before the long procedure.医生在长时间的医疗操作前给病人用了镇静药。
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core 使平静📖 指让人、情绪或局面从激动状态变得安定下来;不一定涉及药物,核心仍是把事情“安定住”。💡 常用结构是“sedate someone’s fears”或“sedate public anger”,但日常英语里更常用表示安抚、平息的普通词。它带有较正式或书面色彩,不能直接用来表示“让某人停止说话”。The announcement did little to sedate public anger.这则公告几乎没能平息公众的愤怒。
sedates
present,singular,third-person
sedating
participle,present
sedated
participle,past
sedated
past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 3 组
cause to be calm or quiet as by administering a sedative to
同义词集:
sedate
calm
tranquilize
tranquillize
tranquillise
The patient must be sedated before the operation
反义: arouse, brace, energise, energize, perk up, stimulate
上位: affect
characterized by dignity and propriety
同义词集:
sedate
staid
dignified and somber in manner or character and committed to keeping promises; ; ; ;
同义词集:
grave
sedate
sober
solemn
a grave God-fearing man
a quiet sedate nature
as sober as a judge
a solemn promise
the judge was solemn as he pronounced sentence
近似: serious
🌳 词源
源自拉丁语sēdātus,和表示“使安定、使平静”的词根有关;英语中分别发展出形容词和动词用法。
The adjective is derived from Late Middle English sedate (“not painful or sore”), and directly from its etymon Latin sēdātus (“calm, quiet, composed”), participial adjective from sēdō (“to allay, appease, calm, settle; to end, stop”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”). Compare English -ate (suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘characterized by [the thing specified]’).
The verb is partly derived from sēdāt-, a participial stem of sēdō (verb sense 2—“to make (someone or something) calm”; see above), and partly a back-formation from sedation (verb sense 1—“to give (a person) a sedative”) + English -ate (suffix forming verbs). It is first attested slightly later than the adjective.
🔄 变式
more sedate
compar
most sedate
superl
sedated
past
sedater
compar
sedates
present
sedatest
superl
sedating
present
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