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search
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🇺🇸 /sˈɚtʃ/
🇬🇧 /sɜːt͡ʃ/
search 主要表示“寻找、搜寻”,既可作名词指寻找的行动或过程,也可作动词指仔细寻找;在计算机语境中还常指进行检索,另可作姓氏。
💡 记忆钩子
把 search 想成“绕着一个范围仔细找东西”:先是寻找钥匙的行动(名词),再是仔细翻找某处或寻找证据(动词),后来也延伸到在搜索引擎中查找信息。作为姓氏时,它只是一个人名用法,与上述普通词义分开记。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“寻找”这一核心义,再记住名词 search 和动词 search 的常见搭配;不要把它只理解成网络搜索。
- search 与中文“搜索”很接近,但英语中也常用于现实场景,如搜房间、找钥匙或寻找证据。
📖 中文释义
name
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rare 姓氏📖 Search 也可以是英语姓氏,是 Surridge 的一个变体;这种用法只表示姓名。💡 常见结构是“名 + Search”,或在地址、名单中单独出现 Search。作为姓氏时首字母必须大写,也不带普通名词的复数或动词变化。
Searches
plural
noun
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core 寻找;搜寻📖 指为了找到某个具体的人或物而进行的一次寻找,重点在“寻找的行动”。例如找钥匙、找失踪人员或搜寻线索,都可以说 a search。💡 常用结构是“a search for + 目标”,也可说“begin、continue、end a search”。不要把 for 后面的目标误当成地点;地点通常用“search of + 地点”或由动词结构表达。countable uncountableThe search for the missing child continued through the night.寻找那名失踪儿童的行动持续了一整夜。After a long search, I finally found my passport.找了很久以后,我终于找到了护照。
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common 搜索活动;检索过程📖 泛指“搜索”这一活动或过程,不一定指某一次寻找;在计算机和信息技术语境中,常指让系统从大量信息中找出需要的内容。💡 常见结构是“search is + 形容词”或“search for information”,用于讨论搜索本身的难度、效率和方法。这里通常不需要冠词,尤其是在谈计算机科学或一般活动时;若指一次具体查询,则可用 a search。countable uncountableSearch is much faster when the files are organized by date.按日期整理文件后,搜索会快得多。
searches
plural
verb
-
core 搜查某处以寻找📖 指在某个地方仔细翻找,目的是找到某物或某人;地点是被搜查的范围,目标通常由 for 引出。💡 基本结构是“search + 地点 + for + 目标”,如“search the room for keys”。search 后直接接地点,不要在地点前随意加 for;若只说目标,应改用“search for + 目标”。transitiveWe searched the whole house for the spare keys.我们搜遍了整栋房子寻找备用钥匙。The rescue team searched the valley for survivors.救援队搜查了山谷,寻找幸存者。
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core 仔细寻找;搜寻📖 强调认真、彻底地寻找,常用于寻找证据、线索或某个失踪的人;它本身可以不说明具体地点,但常与 for 连用。💡 常见结构是“search for + 目标”,也可用“search carefully/thoroughly”。search 是不及物动词时不能直接接目标;“search the evidence”通常会被理解为搜查证据所在的对象,而不是单纯“寻找证据”。intransitiveThe police are searching for evidence in the apartment.警方正在公寓里寻找证据。I searched everywhere for my glasses.我到处寻找我的眼镜。
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rare 寻求📖 这是较古旧的用法,表示寻求某人或某物,和现代英语中的“寻找”同源但语气更古雅。💡 通常只在古典文学、诗歌或仿古文字中出现。现代英语一般用“search for + 目标”或 seek,不建议在日常会话中照搬这种用法。archaic transitive
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common 在搜索引擎中检索📖 指把词语、短语或问题输入搜索引擎,以查找相关网页或信息;这是“仔细寻找”在网络环境中的常见延伸。💡 常见结构是“search + 关键词”或“search for + 内容”,也可说“search online”。直接把短语作为宾语时不必加 for;但说“寻找某类信息”时,用“search for + 内容”更自然。transitiveI searched the restaurant's name and found its opening hours.我搜索了那家餐馆的名字,找到了它的营业时间。
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rare 检查伤口📖 这是已过时的医学用法,指探查或仔细检查伤口,可以看作“彻底寻找、检查内部情况”的特殊延伸。💡 只在历史医学文本或仿古语境中使用。现代英语通常说 examine、probe 或 inspect a wound,不要在普通医疗交流中使用 search。obsolete transitive
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rare 检查;考验📖 这是已过时的用法,表示对某事进行检查、尝试或考验,和现代“仔细查验”的核心概念有关。💡 主要出现在旧文学或历史文本中,现代英语通常改用 examine、test 或 try。不要把这种旧义当作现代 search 的常规用法。obsolete
searches
present,singular,third-person
searching
participle,present
searched
participle,past
searched
past
search
first-person,present,singular
searched
first-person,past,singular
search
present,second-person,singular
searchest
archaic,present,second-person,singular
searched
past,second-person,singular
searchedst
archaic,past,second-person,singular
searcheth
archaic,present,singular,third-person
searched
past,singular,third-person
search
plural,present
searched
past,plural
search
present,subjunctive
searched
past,subjunctive
search
imperative,present
-
imperative,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 9 组
an investigation seeking answers;
同义词集:
search
a thorough search of the ledgers revealed nothing
the outcome justified the search
上位: investigating, investigation
boarding and inspecting a ship on the high seas
同义词集:
search
right of search
上位: examination, scrutiny
inquire into; ;
同义词集:
research
search
explore
the students had to research the history of the Second World War for their history project
He searched for information on his relatives on the web
Scientists are exploring the nature of consciousness
上位: investigate, look into
下位: google, prospect
the activity of looking thoroughly in order to find something or someone
同义词集:
search
hunt
hunting
上位: activity
下位: exploration, forage, foraging, frisk, frisking, looking, looking for, manhunt, quest, scouring, seeking
try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of;
同义词集:
search
seek
look for
The police are searching for clues
They are searching for the missing man in the entire county
下位: angle, browse, divine, drag, dredge, feel, finger, fish, fumble, gather, go after, grope, grub, hunt, pursue, quest after, quest for, scour, shop, surf, want
subject to a search;
同义词集:
search
The police searched the suspect
We searched the whole house for the missing keys
上位: examine, see
下位: comb, frisk, go, raid, ransack, rifle, scan
search or seek;
同义词集:
search
look
We looked all day and finally found the child in the forest
Look elsewhere for the perfect gift!
上位: examine, see
下位: cruise, horn in, hunt, intrude, nose, poke, prospect, pry
the examination of alternative hypotheses
同义词集:
search
his search for a move that would avoid checkmate was unsuccessful
下位: hunt, pursuance, pursuit, quest
an operation that determines whether one or more of a set of items has a specified property
同义词集:
search
lookup
they wrote a program to do a table lookup
上位: operation
🌳 词源
search 经中古英语和古法语等词传入英语,词源与“绕行、环绕”有关,因此发展出“到处寻找”的意思;它并不是德语 suchen 的同源词。作为姓氏时,是 Surridge 的变体。
Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.
Ancient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor.
Latin circus
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.
Proto-Italic *-ājō
Proto-Italic *-āō
Latin -ō
Late Latin circō
Anglo-Norman sercherbor.
Middle English serchen
English search
Inherited from Middle English serchen, borrowed from Anglo-Norman sercher, Old French cerchier, from Late Latin circō, ,circāre (“to circle; go around; search for”), from circus. Unrelated to German suchen, which is cognate with English seek.
🔄 变式
-
imperat
searched
1st_sg
searchedst
archaic
Searches
plural
searchest
archaic
searcheth
archaic
searching
present
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