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scream
★★★
🇺🇸 /skɹˈim/
🇬🇧 /skɹiːm/
scream 的核心意思是“发出强烈而尖锐的叫声”,既可以指人因恐惧、疼痛或激动发出的尖叫,也可以指动物叫声;它还可引申为快速冲过,以及明显表现出某种特征。
💡 记忆钩子
想象一声突然刺破空气的尖叫:人害怕时会 scream,受伤的动物也会 scream;声音的“猛烈冲出”又引申为飞快冲下坡,而某种特征如果强烈到一听就能辨认,也可以说它 screams 某种特点。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握名词和动词的基本义“尖叫、尖叫声”,再学习“飞快移动”和“明显表现出”的比喻义。
- scream 不只表示害怕,也可表示疼痛、愤怒、兴奋等强烈情绪;不要把它机械地只译成“恐怖地叫”。
📖 中文释义
noun
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core 尖叫声📖 指人在恐惧、疼痛、愤怒、兴奋等强烈情绪下突然发出的尖锐而响亮的声音,可以只是一个叫声,也可以持续一段时间。💡 常用 “let out a scream”“hear a scream” 或 “a scream of pain/fear” 这样的结构。它通常是可数名词,强调一次具体的尖叫;不要把它误解成任何音量较大的说话声。根据语境可译为“尖叫声”“惨叫声”或“惊叫声”。A scream came from the room upstairs.楼上的房间里传来一声尖叫。She let out a scream when the lights suddenly went out.灯突然熄灭时,她发出了一声惊叫。
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common 动物的尖叫声📖 也可以指动物因受伤、害怕或受到刺激而发出的响亮叫声;这里仍然保留“强烈声音冲出来”的核心感觉。💡 常用 “the scream of + 动物” 或 “hear an animal scream” 来说明发声者。这个用法多用于描写野生动物或受伤动物,日常家养动物发出的普通声音不一定都叫 scream。涉及鸟类时,具体语境也可能更自然地使用表示鸣叫或啼叫的词。We heard the scream of a fox in the woods.我们听见树林里传来一只狐狸的尖叫声。
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common 嘶吼唱法📖 在金属乐和尖叫摇滚等音乐中,指歌手用很响、粗粝、失真的声音演唱,而不是用通常的自然歌声。💡 常见于音乐评论或介绍中,常用 “use scream” 或 “a scream in the chorus” 描写这种唱法。这里不是指歌手在台上真的因恐惧而尖叫,而是经过音乐风格控制的发声方式。谈普通高音演唱时不要随意使用这个词。The singer adds a raw scream before the final chorus.歌手在最后一段副歌前加入了粗粝的嘶吼。
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common 非常有趣的人或事📖 在非正式表达中,scream 可用来加强语气,表示某人或某事特别有趣、好玩,常带有夸张和兴奋的语气。💡 常见结构是 “a real scream” 或 “a scream of a + 名词”,用于评价一次活动、一个人或一件事非常好笑、好玩。它属于非正式表达,不能按字面理解为“一个尖叫”。正式写作中通常改用表示有趣或令人愉快的普通形容词。informalThe whole trip was a real scream.整个旅程真是太好玩了。
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rare 感叹号📖 在印刷行业的俚语中,scream 可指感叹号,因为这个标点像是在页面上发出强烈的叫声。💡 只在印刷行业俚语或历史性语境中使用,不能在普通英语中用它代替表示感叹号的常规词。日常谈标点时应使用标准名称。
screams
plural
verb
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core 尖声大叫📖 指人或动物用尖锐、响亮的声音突然叫喊,通常是因为害怕、疼痛或极度激动,也可以表示愤怒地大喊。💡 常用 “scream in pain/fear”“scream at someone” 或 “scream for help”。这个动词通常不及物,但 “scream at” 后面可以接被喊的人;不要把它误用成普通的及物动词来表示“喊某个名字”,除非语境明确是尖叫着喊。also figuratively intransitiveThe child screamed for help when he got lost.孩子迷路后尖叫着求救。She screamed at me to get out of the car.她冲我大喊,让我下车。
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common 飞快冲过📖 比喻某人或某物以极快的速度移动,仿佛速度快得发出尖叫声;重点是动作迅猛、失去从容感。💡 常见结构是 “scream down/up/through + 地点” 或 “come screaming toward + 方向”。这里通常不是实际发出声音,而是夸张地描写车辆、人或其他东西飞驰而过。正式说明速度时,使用表示快速移动的普通动词会更稳妥。figuratively intransitiveA motorcycle came screaming down the narrow street.一辆摩托车呼啸着冲过狭窄的街道。
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common 明显表现出📖 非正式地表示某人或某事强烈而明显地表现出某种性格、问题或特征,听者几乎一眼就能看出来。💡 常见结构是 “something screams + 特征或评价”,后面通常接名词或形容词短语;它是比喻用法,不是说某物真的发出声音。这个表达带有口语和夸张色彩,正式写作中可改用表示“明显显示”的词语。figuratively informal intransitiveThat bright logo screams expensive.那个醒目的标志明显透着昂贵的感觉。
screams
present,singular,third-person
screaming
participle,present
screamed
participle,past
screamed
past
screamt
nonstandard,participle,past
screamt
nonstandard,past
scream
first-person,present,singular
screamed
first-person,past,singular
scream
present,second-person,singular
screamest
archaic,present,second-person,singular
screamed
past,second-person,singular
screamedst
archaic,past,second-person,singular
screameth
archaic,present,singular,third-person
screamed
past,singular,third-person
scream
plural,present
screamed
past,plural
scream
present,subjunctive
screamed
past,subjunctive
scream
imperative,present
-
imperative,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 6 组
utter or declare in a very loud voice
同义词集:
yell
scream
You don't have to yell--I can hear you just fine
上位: shout
utter a sudden loud cry;
同义词集:
shout
shout out
cry
call
yell
scream
holler
hollo
squall
she cried with pain when the doctor inserted the needle
I yelled to her from the window but she couldn't hear me
上位: emit, let loose, let out, utter
下位: howl, hurrah, pipe, pipe up, roar, screak, screech, shriek, shrill, skreak, skreigh, squawk, ululate, wail, whoop, yaup, yawl
参见: call out, cry, cry out, exclaim, outcry, shout
make a loud, piercing sound
同义词集:
scream
Fighter planes are screaming through the skies
上位: make noise, noise, resound
a joke that seems extremely funny
同义词集:
belly laugh
sidesplitter
howler
thigh-slapper
scream
wow
riot
上位: gag, jape, jest, joke, laugh
sharp piercing cry
同义词集:
scream
screaming
shriek
shrieking
screech
screeching
her screaming attracted the neighbors
上位: call, cry, outcry, shout, vociferation, yell
a high-pitched noise resembling a human cry;
同义词集:
screech
screeching
shriek
shrieking
scream
screaming
he ducked at the screechings of shells
he heard the scream of the brakes
上位: noise
🌳 词源
源自中古英语,词源可能融合了表示“喊叫”的中古荷兰语词和表示“吓唬”的古诺尔斯语词。
Inherited from Middle English scremen, borrowed from or cognate with Middle Dutch scremen (“to yell; shout”) and Old Norse skræma (“to terrify; scare”); compare West Flemish schreemen, Zealandic schreême (“to shout; yell; cry”), Swedish skrämma (“to spook; frighten”), Danish skræmme (“to scare”), West Frisian skrieme (“to weep”). Compare also Swedish skräna (“to yell; shout; howl”), Dutch schreien (“to cry; weep”), German schreien (“to scream”). Related to shriek, skrike.
🔄 变式
-
imperat
screamed
1st_sg
screamedst
archaic
screamest
archaic
screameth
archaic
screaming
present
screams
plural
screamt
past
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