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room
★★★★★
🇺🇸 /ɹˈum/
🇬🇧 /ɹʊm/
room 的核心意思是“空间”:可以指房间,也可以指容纳、行动或发展的余地;此外还可作动词表示居住或安排住宿。
💡 记忆钩子
把 room 想成一块“空出来的地方”:墙围起来的是“房间”,东西或人能放进去是“有空间”,事情能做得开是“有余地”,职位或社会位置也可以是“一个位置”。由此,room 作动词就是“给人一个地方住”或“住在某处”。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握名词的“房间”和“空间”两个核心意思,再学习 room for 表示“做某事的余地”;不要只把它机械地记成“房间”。
- room 作动词表示“居住、安排住宿”,不是普通的“把东西放进房间”;这个用法在现代日常英语中不如名词常见。
📖 中文释义
adj
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rare 宽敞的📖 表示地方宽敞、空间充足,是 room 作形容词的旧式或方言用法。现代英语通常不用它来表达这个意思。dialectal obsolete
more room
comparative
most room
superlative
adv
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rare 远处;宽阔地📖 表示向远处或在较大范围内延伸,是旧式或方言副词用法,现代学习者通常不需要主动使用。dialectal obsolete
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rare 避开风向📖 在航海或交通语境中,表示船只处在不直接迎风的位置;这是专业用法。
more room
comparative
most room
superlative
noun
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core 机会;余地📖 这里的 room 不是实际房间,而是某件事能够发生、某人能够加入或某种变化能够实现的余地。它把“空出来的空间”引申成了行动或发展的空间。💡 常用结构是 room for + 名词或动名词,以及 room to do something。它既可表示实际容纳余地,也可表示抽象的机会和可能性;不要把它误解成已经存在的机会或职位。archaic countable uncountableThere is still room for improvement.还有改进的余地。The plan leaves room for changes later.这个计划为以后的调整留下了余地。
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core 空间;容纳处📖 指放置东西、容纳人,或进行某项活动所需要的空间。它可以是桌面、车里、房子里等具体空处,不一定是一个独立房间。💡 常用结构是 have room for + 名词或动名词,以及 have enough room to do something。表示一般空间时通常不可数;说某个具体房间时则用可数的 a room。uncountableDo we have enough room for one more chair?我们还有地方再放一把椅子吗?There isn't much room to move around.这里没有多少活动的空间。
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rare 一块空间;一个位置📖 指一块特定的空间或某个位置,是较旧的用法;现代英语通常会直接说某个地方、座位或区域。archaic countable uncountable
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common 充分的余地📖 表示某人或某事拥有足够的空间、自由或条件去容纳另一件事,常用于抽象意义。它仍然保留着“空间够不够”的核心形象。💡 常用结构是 have room for + 名词或动名词,也可说 leave room for...。这里通常表示态度、计划或安排上的余地,不要只按物理空间理解。figuratively uncountableThis schedule leaves little room for mistakes.这个日程几乎没有出错的余地。
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rare 船架之间的空隙📖 在船舶建造语境中,指船体骨架木材之间的空间,是“空隙”这一核心意思的专业用法。countable uncountable
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rare 位置;所在处📖 指某人或某物所处的位置或代替某人的位置,是较旧、现已少见的引申义。countable obsolete uncountable
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core 房间📖 指建筑物中由墙、地板和天花板围成的独立空间,是 room 最常见的具体意义之一。💡 常用结构是 in a room、go into the room 和 leave the room。room 作这一意义时通常是可数名词;如果泛指某类空间,要根据语境决定是否使用冠词。countableThe children are playing in the living room.孩子们正在客厅里玩。Please close the door when you leave the room.你离开房间时请关门。
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common 卧室📖 在谈论家庭生活时,room 可以不特别说明而指某人的卧室,尤其常见于对孩子说话或根据上下文已经知道是哪间房时。💡 常见于 go to your room、be in one's room 等结构。不要在所有语境中都把 room 直接译成“卧室”;没有上下文时,它通常只是一般的“房间”。countableMy son is reading quietly in his room.我儿子正在自己的房间里安静地看书。
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common 住处;住房📖 复数 rooms 或相关表达可以指某人租住或居住的一套房间、住所,而不是单独的一间房。💡 常见结构是 rent rooms、find rooms 和 have rooms of one's own。这个意义常依赖复数或上下文;不要把 rooms 只理解成“许多房间”,它也可能整体指住处。countable in-plural uncountableThey rented rooms near the university.他们在大学附近租了住处。
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common 房间里的人📖 这里用房间来代指房间里的人,强调他们作为一个整体的反应或行动,是由地点转指其中人群的用法。💡 常见结构是 the room + 动词,尤其用于描述全场的反应。它通常把 room 当作单数整体使用;不要把这种用法理解成房间本身真的在行动。countable metonymically singular uncountable usuallyThe room fell silent when she entered.她进来时,房间里的人都安静了下来。
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rare 矿井工作区📖 在煤矿语境中,指矿井内供开采或工作的一个区域,是专业意义。countable uncountable
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rare 洞穴中的宽阔空间📖 在洞穴探险语境中,指比通道宽阔的一段洞穴空间。countable uncountable
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common 聊天室📖 在互联网语境中,room 指供一群人在线交流的空间;它把现实中的“房间”形象延伸到了网络中。💡 常用结构是 join a room、enter a room 和 chat room。它通常是可数名词,前面可用 a、the 或具体名称;不要把它和现实中的房间混淆。Internet countableJoin the room if you want to ask questions.如果你想提问,就加入聊天室。
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common 职位;地位;位置📖 指社会、组织或权力结构中留给某人的位置,可以是职位、等级或身份。它是从“有一个位置可供某人占据”引申出来的。💡 常用结构是 make room for someone、have room at the top 和 room in the organization。这里通常需要上下文来确定是职位、地位还是组织中的位置,不要一律翻成“房间”。countable uncountableThe new team needs to make room for younger leaders.新团队需要为年轻的领导者腾出位置。
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rare 一间房所需的一套家具📖 在家具交易等语境中,指足以布置一间房的家具总量,是按“房间”计算家具的一种少见用法。countable uncountable
rooms
plural
verb
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common 居住;寄宿📖 表示住在某处,尤其是作为寄宿者或租客居住。它把“有一个房间”变成了“住在这个空间里”。💡 常见结构是 room with + 人,以及 room at/in + 地点。它通常是不及物用法,后面不能直接接居住的人来表示“和某人住”;应使用 room with someone。intransitiveShe roomed with two classmates during college.她上大学时和两个同学合住。
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common 安排住宿📖 表示把某人安排到一个房间或住处里。重点是分配空间给人,而不是单纯进入房间。💡 常见结构是 room someone with someone 或 room someone at/in + 地点。它是及物用法,不能漏掉表示被安排住宿的人;在日常对话中也常改用更普通的“安排住宿”表达。transitiveThe organizers roomed each guest with a local volunteer.组织者把每位客人安排给一名当地志愿者合住。
rooms
present,singular,third-person
rooming
participle,present
roomed
participle,past
roomed
past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 5 组
live and take one's meals at or in
同义词集:
board
room
she rooms in an old boarding house
上位: dwell, inhabit, live, populate
an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling
同义词集:
room
the rooms were very small but they had a nice view
上位: area
下位: antechamber, anteroom, art gallery, ballroom, bar, barroom, bathroom, bedchamber, bedroom, boardroom, can, cell, chamber, classroom, closet, compartment, council chamber, court, courtroom, cubby, cubbyhole, cubicle, dance hall, dance palace, den, door, engine room, engineering, entrance hall, floor, foyer, front room, gallery, ginmill, hall, jail cell, john, kitchen, lav, lavatory, library, living room, living-room, lobby, lounge, manor hall, parlor, parlour, picture gallery, prison cell, privy, rotunda, saloon, schoolroom, sitting room, sleeping accommodation, sleeping room, snug, snuggery, study, surgery, taproom, toilet, trading floor, vestibule, waiting area, waiting room, walk-in
the people who are present in a room
同义词集:
room
the whole room was cheering
上位: assemblage, gathering
space for movement; ;
同义词集:
room
way
elbow room
room to pass
make way for
hardly enough elbow room to turn around
上位: position, spatial relation
下位: clearance, headroom, headway, parking, seating, seating area, seating room, seats
opportunity for
同义词集:
room
room for improvement
上位: chance, opportunity
🌳 词源
来自古英语 rūm,原指“空间、宽敞处”,与德语 Raum 等词同源;“房间”和“余地”等意思都由“空出来的空间”发展而来。
Proto-Indo-European *Hrew-?
Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH-der.
Proto-Germanic *rūmą
Proto-West Germanic *rūm
Old English rūm
Middle English roum
English room
From Middle English roum (“room, space”), from Old English rūm (“room, space”), from Proto-West Germanic *rūm (“room”), from Proto-Germanic *rūmą (“room”), from Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH- (“to root; to rip, tear”), from *Hrew- (“to tear out, open”).
Cognates
Cognate with North Frisian rüm (“room, space”), Saterland Frisian and Low German Ruum (“room, space”), Dutch ruim (“open space; cargo hold”), German and Luxembourgish Raum (“room, space”), Vilamovian raojm (“room”), Danish and Swedish rum (“room, space”), Faroese and Icelandic rúm (“space, room”), Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk rom (“room, space”), Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼 (rum, “room, space”); also Irish rúsc (“bark”), Manx roost (“bark; peel, rind”), Scottish Gaelic rùsg (“rind; bark; fleece; shell”), Welsh rhisgl (“bark”), Latin rūs (“country, fields, lands; estate, farm; village”), Ancient Greek ὀρύσσω (orússō), ὀρύττω (orúttō, “to dig”), Latvian raut (“to pull with force”), Lithuanian rauti (“to grub, pull”), Belarusian рыць (rycʹ, “to dig”), Bulgarian ри́я (ríja, “to excavate”), Czech rýt (“to dig; to engrave”), Polish ryć (“to dig”), Russian рыть (rytʹ, “to dig; to burrow, mine”), Slovak ryť (“to dig; to engrave”), Slovene riti (“to dig”), Ukrainian ри́ти (rýty, “to dig, excavate”), Central Kurdish ڕێو (rêw, “public hair”), Tocharian A kärpi (“raw, rough; common”), Tocharian B kärpiye (“raw, rough; common”), Sanskrit लोमन् (loman), रोमन् (roman, “body hair; down, wool”). More at rural. Doublet of Raum, a surname from German.
The word superficially appears to be an exception to the Great Vowel Shift, which might have produced the pronunciation /ɹaʊm/, but the retention of Middle English /uː/ before /m/ is regular. In fact, /aʊ/ does not occur before non-coronal consonants in Standard Modern English native vocabulary. Some dialects did undergo diphthongization in such a position and the pronunciation /ɹaʊm/ occurs, for example, in Lancashire.
🔄 变式
more room
compar
most room
superl
roomed
past
rooming
present
rooms
plural
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