restraint

restraint 是“把东西或行为按住”的名词：既可以指固定物体的装置，也可以指对情绪、言语或行为的克制。

💡 记忆钩子

想象一条把东西固定住的带子：它先在物理上“按住”物体，进一步就变成在心理和行为上“按住”自己。因此，restraint 既能指安全带一类的固定装置，也能指人在冲动时保持克制。

📝 学习建议

建议先记住“按住、控制住”这一核心，再分别扩展到具体装置和自我克制；不要只把它理解成抽象的“限制”。

📖 中文释义

noun

core 固定装置；约束带

📖 指用来把人或物固定、系牢或限制其移动的具体装置，可以把它想成一条把东西“按住”的带子。

💡 常见句型是 “check the restraints” 和 “fit a restraint to something”。这个义项通常是可数名词，谈多个固定装置时用复数；它多见于安全、运输、医疗或设备说明等语境。不要把它和抽象的行为克制混为一谈。

countable

The luggage restraints kept the boxes in place.

行李固定带把箱子稳稳固定在原位。
core 克制；谨慎

📖 指主动把自己的情绪、言语或行为按住，不让冲动完全表现出来；它是从“固定住东西”引申出的自我控制。

💡 常见句型是 “show/exercise/use restraint” 或 “with restraint”。这个义项通常作不可数名词，尤其常用于评价人在争执、批评或压力下是否保持冷静；不要把它误解为外部强迫的“限制条件”。

uncountable

He showed remarkable restraint and did not answer the insult.

他表现出非凡的克制，没有回应那句侮辱。

restraints plural

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 6 组

the act of controlling by restraining someone or something

同义词集: restraint

the unlawful restraint of trade

上位: control 下位: bridle, check, collar, confinement, containment, curb, curtailment, damper, leash, restriction, suppression

a device that retards something's motion

同义词集: restraint constraint

the car did not have proper restraints fitted

上位: device 下位: band, bond, brake, brake shoe, catch, chain, fastener, fastening, fixing, gag, hamper, holdfast, ignition lock, lead, leash, lock, muzzle, shackle, shoe, skid, stop, tether, trammel

lack of ornamentation

同义词集: chasteness restraint simplicity simpleness

the room was simply decorated with great restraint

discipline in personal and social activities;

同义词集: restraint control

he was a model of polite restraint

she never lost control of herself

上位: discipline 下位: inhibition, moderation, self-restraint, temperance, temperateness

a rule or condition that limits freedom;

同义词集: restraint

legal restraints

restraints imposed on imports

上位: limitation, restriction

the state of being physically constrained

同义词集: constraint restraint

dogs should be kept under restraint

上位: confinement 下位: cage

🌳 词源

源自中古英语，来自古法语形式；词源上的核心概念围绕“约束、克制”展开。

From Middle English restreynte, from Old French restreinte; more at restrain.

🔄 变式

restraints plural

🏷 单词标签 & 词根