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response
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🇺🇸 /ɹɪspˈɑns/
🇬🇧 /ɹɪˈspɒns/
response 主要指对问题、行动或刺激作出的回答、回应或反应,也可指某些宗教和专业语境中的特定回应。
💡 记忆钩子
把 response 想成“收到一个信号后回过去的东西”:别人提问,你回一句是回答;外界刺激你,你产生反应;在广告中,用户点击也是对广告的回应。宗教仪式和正式辩论中的回应,则是这个核心概念的专门用法。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“回答、回应”和“反应”这两个核心意思,再记宗教、辩论和广告等专门用法。
- 不要把 response 只理解成口头回答;对刺激、事件或广告作出的行动也可以是 response。
📖 中文释义
noun
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core 回答;回应📖 指对问题、请求、评论或某种情况作出的回答或回应,可以是语言,也可以是行动。这个词强调“对前面的东西回过去”的结果。💡 常用结构是 a response to + 问题、请求或事件,也可说 give a response 或 receive a response。它比一般的“回答”范围更宽,正式程度通常也略高;不要只在问答场景中使用它。We are still waiting for a response to our request.我们仍在等待对请求的回应。Her smile was a warm response to his greeting.她的微笑是对他问候的温暖回应。
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common 回应这一行为📖 强调“作出回答或回应”这一动作本身,而不只是最后说出的内容。它常用于描述某人如何回应一个问题或意见。💡 常见结构是 in response to + 名词,表示“作为对……的回应”,也可用 response to a question 来说明回应的对象。这里通常不能简单理解为某个具体答案;要表达具体内容时,往往用 answer 或 reply 更自然。In response to the question, the manager explained the new policy.经理回答这个问题时解释了新政策。
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rare 神谕的回答📖 指神谕、占卜或神灵给出的回答,是“对问题作出回应”这一核心意思在古代宗教语境中的专门用法。💡 通常出现在历史、神话或宗教文本中,常与 oracle 等词连用。现代日常英语里不要用它来指普通人的回答;普通场景使用一般意义即可。
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rare 礼拜中的应答词句📖 指礼拜时由唱诗班或会众接在神职人员之后说出或唱出的词句,是仪式化的回应。💡 主要用于基督教礼拜、礼仪和宗教音乐语境,常与 choir、congregation 或 priest 等词一起出现。它不是普通对话中的回应,学习时应作为宗教专门义记忆。
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rare 经文宣读时的应唱段落📖 指宣读经文时或之后说唱的短诗、圣歌或应答段落,是宗教仪式中更具体的一类回应。💡 这是礼拜仪式和宗教音乐中的术语,常见于历史或专业说明文字。不要把它和一般的宗教歌曲随意互换;日常语境通常不使用这一义项。
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rare 正式辩论中的答辩📖 指在正式论辩中针对对方异议作出的答复,是“回应反对意见”的专业用法。💡 常出现在哲学、神学或法律史的正式文本中,通常与 objection、argument 等词搭配。现代普通讨论中可用 reply 或 answer 表示答辩,不必主动使用这一专门义。
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rare 广告点击回应指标📖 在网络广告中,指用户点击广告并进入目标网页这一回应行为,常作为衡量广告效果的指标。💡 这是网络广告分析领域的术语,通常出现在报告、数据面板或营销文章中。不要把它理解成所有广告互动的总数;这里特指一次点击进入目标网址的行为。
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core 反应;响应📖 指身体、人的情绪或系统受到刺激、压力或挑衅后产生的反应。它和“回答”共享同一条主线:某个外来信号到来后,内部或外部作出回应。💡 常用结构是 response to + 刺激、药物、压力或事件,也常见 inflammatory response、stress response 等搭配。此义可以用于医学、科学和日常语境;不要把 reaction 和 response 机械地完全等同,response 往往更强调对某个刺激作出的回应过程或结果。The patient had a strong response to the new treatment.这名患者对新治疗产生了强烈反应。Fear is a natural response to danger.恐惧是人面对危险时的自然反应。
responses
plural
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 7 组
a bodily process occurring due to the effect of some antecedent stimulus or agent;
同义词集:
reaction
response
a bad reaction to the medicine
his responses have slowed with age
上位: activity, bodily function, bodily process, body process
下位: answer, inborn reflex, innate reflex, instinctive reflex, overreaction, passage, passing, physiological reaction, rebound, reflex, reflex action, reflex response, taxis, unconditioned reflex
the manner in which an electrical or mechanical device responds to an input signal or a range of input signals
同义词集:
response
上位: fashion, manner, mode, style, way
a phrase recited or sung by the congregation following a versicle by the priest or minister
同义词集:
response
上位: phrase
the manner in which something is greeted
同义词集:
reception
response
she did not expect the cold reception she received from her superiors
上位: greeting, salutation
a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation;
同义词集:
answer
reply
response
I waited several days for his answer
he wrote replies to several of his critics
上位: statement
下位: feedback
the speech act of continuing a conversational exchange
同义词集:
reply
response
he growled his reply
下位: answer, comeback, counter, echo, rejoinder, replication, retort, return, riposte
a result
同义词集:
response
this situation developed in response to events in Africa
上位: consequence, effect, event, issue, outcome, result, upshot
下位: reaction
🌳 词源
源自拉丁语,原本含有“再次承诺、作出回应”的意思,后来经法语和中古英语进入现代英语。
Proto-Italic *wre-
Latin re-
Proto-Indo-European *spend-
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti
Proto-Indo-European *spondéyeti
Proto-Italic *spondejō
Proto-Italic *spondeō
Latin spondeō
Latin respondeō
Latin respōnsumbor.
Old French respunsbor.
Middle English respounse
English response
From Middle English respounse, respons, from Old French respons, respuns, responce, ultimately from the Latin respōnsum, a nominal use of the neuter form of respōnsus, the perfect passive participle of respondeō, from re (“again”) + spondeō (“promise”). Doublet of responsum.
🔄 变式
responses
plural
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