reputation

名声、声誉：别人普遍知道并据此评价某人或某事物的特点。

💡 记忆钩子

把它想成贴在某人或某事物身上的“公众标签”：大家反复观察、衡量后，形成一个共同印象，这个标签就是 reputation；标签可以是好名声，也可以是坏名声，还可以随着新的表现建立、改变或失去。

📝 学习建议

先把 reputation 记成中性的“名声、声誉”，不要默认它一定是好名声；好坏要看上下文。
阅读时可先根据搭配判断评价方向，再区分它指一个人的社会评价，还是某件事物因某种特点而出名。

📖 中文释义

noun

core 名声；声誉

📖 指一个人、团体或事物在别人心中通常被怎样认识和评价；这种印象可能是正面的，也可能是负面的。它既可以来自真实表现，也可以来自长期流传的看法。

💡 常用“have a reputation for + 特点或行为”说明因什么而出名，也常用“build/earn/lose a reputation”表示建立、获得或失去名声。形容词可放在前面，如“a strong reputation”或“a poor reputation”，但不要把 reputation 直接当作某一次具体的评价来用。正式和日常语境都很常见，翻译时应根据上下文选择“名声”“声誉”或“口碑”。

countable uncountable

The restaurant has a reputation for generous portions.

这家餐馆以分量足而闻名。

Her reputation suffered after the mistake.

那次错误之后，她的声誉受到了损害。

reputations plural

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 3 组

the general estimation that the public has for a person;

同义词集: reputation report

he acquired a reputation as an actor before he started writing

he was a person of bad report

上位: estimate, estimation

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

同义词集: repute reputation

反义: discredit, disrepute 上位: honor, honour, laurels 下位: character, fame, name, stock

notoriety for some particular characteristic

同义词集: reputation

his reputation for promiscuity

上位: ill fame, notoriety

🌳 词源

源自拉丁语，原有“反复衡量、思考”的意思，后来发展为“经过评价后形成的名声”。

14c. "credit, good reputation", from Middle English reputacion, reputacioun, reputation, reputatioun, from Anglo-Norman reputacion, reputacioun, Middle French reputation (French réputation), and their etymon Latin reputātiōnem (“consideration, thinking over”), noun of action from past participle stem of reputō (“reflect upon, reckon, count over”), from the prefix re- (“again”) + putō (“reckon, consider”). By surface analysis, repute + -ation. Displaced native Old English hlīsa (“reputation, fame”)

🔄 变式

reputations plural

🏷 单词标签 & 词根