remission

remission 主要表示某种负担、罪责或病情的减轻、免除，也可指把东西送回或在光谱学中表示光的反射散射。

💡 记忆钩子

把 remission 想成“把沉重的东西往回减轻”：罪责可以被赦免，债务或应付的金额可以减少，病症的强度可以下降；再往外延伸，就是把东西送回，或让光被材料反射回来。

📝 学习建议

学习时先掌握“病情缓解”和“债务、金额或强度减轻”这条主线，再记宗教上的“罪得赦免”；不要把 remission 只理解成“赦免”。
它和“任务被重新安排”这一动词义很少见，阅读中遇到时不要按名词的常见义硬译。

📖 中文释义

noun

common 赦免；免除罪责

📖 指对罪过、过失或应承担的法律责任不再追究，像是把原本要承担的罪责撤回或免掉。这个义项常见于宗教和历史语境，也可以引申为放弃法律请求或债权。

💡 常用“remission of + 罪、债务等”表示免除某项责任，也可说“grant remission”表示给予赦免。宗教语境中通常译为“赦罪”或“罪得宽恕”，法律语境中则更接近“免除或撤回请求”；不要把它误解为一般的道歉。

countable uncountable

She prayed for the remission of her sins.

她祈求自己的罪得到赦免。
core 减轻；减少；缓解

📖 指应付的金额、债务或工作量减少，也指某种状态或症状的强度下降。医学中尤其常表示疾病或症状进入缓解期：问题未必彻底消失，但已经不像以前那么严重。

💡 表示病情缓解时常用“be in remission”，表示某项金额或负担减少时常用“remission of + 名词”。医学用法是现代阅读中很重要的义项；不要把 remission 直接理解成“完全康复”，因为病情可能只是暂时或部分缓解。

countable uncountable

The patient's symptoms are now in remission.

这名患者的症状目前已得到缓解。

The court granted a remission of part of the fine.

法院免除了部分罚款。
rare 送回；退回

📖 指把某人或某物送回原处，核心仍是“往回送”的意思。

💡 通常出现在正式或历史性文本中，常根据上下文译为“退回、送还”或“发回”。现代日常英语里很少单独使用这个名词义，不要把它和常见的“病情缓解”义混为一谈。

countable uncountable
rare 光的反射或散射

📖 在光谱学中，指材料把光反射或散射回去的现象，也就是光被材料“送回来”。

💡 这是光谱学术语，通常出现在专业说明中，并与光的吸收、发射等性质一起讨论。日常语境中不要用它表示普通的“反光”，除非上下文明确涉及测量或光谱分析。

countable uncountable

remissions plural

verb

rare 重新安排任务

📖 指把某个单位、人员或设备改派去执行新的任务，即让它承担不同的使命。

💡 常见于被动结构，表示某个单位“被重新派去执行……”；宾语通常是部队、设备或组织，而不是抽象的普通任务。这个义项非常少见，不要因为它看起来像名词 remission 就把它理解成“缓解”。

transitive

remissions present,singular,third-person remissioning participle,present remissioned participle,past remissioned past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 4 组

the act of absolving or remitting; formal redemption as pronounced by a priest in the sacrament of penance

同义词集: absolution remission remittal remission of sin

上位: redemption, salvation 下位: indulgence

(law) the act of remitting (especially the referral of a law case to another court)

同义词集: remission remitment remit

上位: referral

an abatement in intensity or degree (as in the manifestations of a disease)

同义词集: remission remittal subsidence

his cancer is in remission

上位: abatement, hiatus, reprieve, respite, suspension 下位: resolution

a payment of money sent to a person in another place

同义词集: remittance remittal remission remitment

上位: payment

🌳 词源

名词源自拉丁语，核心含义与“放回、放松、减轻”有关；动词由 re- 和 mission 构成。

From Middle English remissioun (“release from duty; freeing of captives; mercy, pardon, respite; forgiveness; release from or reduction of penances; reduction in intensity (of a quality, symptom, etc.); transfer of property, quitclaim; legal opinion or submission; reference, cross-reference”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman remission, remissione, remissioun, remissiun and Middle French, Old French remission (“forgiveness of sin; pardoning of an offence; postponement; cessation, suspension; diminishing or weakening of something; reduction of debt; reduction in intensity of a disease or symptom”) (modern French rémission), and their etymon Late Latin remissiō (“forgiveness; pardon of sins”), Latin remissiō (“release; sending back; easing off, relaxing, softening; reduction of debt; reduction in intensity of a disease or symptom”), from remittō (“to remit, send back; to diminish; to relax; to do without, forego”) + -siō. Remittō is derived from re- (prefix meaning ‘back, backwards’) + mittō (“to cause to go; to send; to discharge, emit, let go, release; to throw; to extend, reach out; to announce, tell; to produce, yield; to attend, escort, guide; to dismiss, disregard; to end”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *meyth₂- (“to change, exchange; to change places, go past”) or *(s)meyt- (“to throw”)). The English word is cognate with Catalan remissió, Italian remissioni, remissione (“remission; withdrawal of legal action; compliance, submission”), Old Occitan remessió, Portuguese remisson, remissão (“pardon; remission”), Spanish remisión (“remission”).

🔄 变式

remissioned past remissioning present remissions plural

🏷 单词标签 & 词根