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receive

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🇺🇸 /ɹʌsˈiv/ 🇬🇧 /ɹɪˈsiːv/

noun 编号: R00897 牛津3000 BNC #372 COCA #497

receive 的核心意思是“接到、接纳或接收”：可以接到别人给的东西，也可以接待来客、接收信号，或承受某种结果。

💡 记忆钩子

把手伸出去，把外来的东西接到自己这边：接到礼物是 receive，接待客人是把人接进来，接收信号是把信息接进来，受到伤害则是把结果落到自己身上。

📝 学习建议

先掌握“收到某物”和“接待某人”这两个日常义项，再学习信号、体育和法律语境。
不要把 receive 一律理解成“接受”；它常常只表示实际收到，不表示赞同或愿意接受。

📖 中文释义

noun

rare 数据接收操作

📖 指通信系统把数据接到一端的过程，重点是接收这一操作本身，而不是具体收到的东西。

💡 常见于“数据接收”“信号接收”等技术搭配中，通常作不可数名词使用。它描述系统流程，不适合替代日常说的“收到某物”。

receives plural

verb

core 收到；接到

📖 表示某物被送来、寄来或支付给某人，而这个人确实把它收到了。礼物、邮件、款项、消息等都可以这样说，是最常用的基本义。

💡 常用“receive + 礼物、邮件、款项、消息”等结构，也可用“receive something from somebody”说明来源。它强调收到这一事实，不一定表示喜欢、同意或主动领取。中文里容易把它和“接受”混用，但“收到建议”不等于“采纳建议”。

transitive

I received a package from my sister this morning.

我今天早上收到了姐姐寄来的包裹。

The school received hundreds of applications.

这所学校收到了数百份申请。
rare 接受提议

📖 指接受别人提出的工作、条件或提议，但这一用法较旧，现代英语通常用 accept。

💡 通常出现在旧式或历史语境中，常见结构是“receive an offer”。现代日常表达应优先使用 accept，尤其是在求职、合同和正式回复中。不要因为两者都能译成“接受”就随意替换。

dated transitive
common 收受赃物

📖 在法律语境中，指明知物品是偷来的却仍然收下或持有。这里的“接收”带有法律责任，不是普通的收到。

💡 常见于“receive stolen goods”这一法律搭配，receive 后面通常直接接 goods 等表示物品的词。该用法多出现在法律新闻、判决或犯罪讨论中，正式程度高于日常用语。不要把普通的“收到来路不明的物品”自动理解成已经构成这一法律行为，关键在于语境是否明确涉及明知和违法。

He was charged with receiving stolen goods.

他被控收受赃物。
core 接待；接纳进入

📖 表示作为主人接待来客，或允许某人进入自己的住所、场合或社交圈。可以把它想成把人接到自己的空间里。

💡 常用“receive + 客人、来访者、代表”等结构，或用“receive somebody at/in + 地点”说明接待地点。这个义项较正式，日常谈朋友来家里时通常说 have、welcome 或 greet 更自然。不要把它理解成单纯“看见”客人，它强调正式接待或允许进入。

transitive

The ambassador received the visitors at his residence.

大使在官邸接待了来访者。

The clinic receives patients by appointment only.

这家诊所只接待预约的病人。
common 受到；遭受

📖 表示某种伤害、打击或不良结果落到某人身上，就像把一个结果接到了自己身上。常用于受伤或受到损害。

💡 常用“receive + injury/blow”等结构，也可说“receive injuries”。这种说法比 get hurt 更正式，常见于报道、事故说明和体育文字。中文里不要把 receive 理解成主动接受；主语通常是承受伤害的人。

transitive

She received a serious injury in the accident.

她在事故中受了重伤。
rare 接受为惯例或说法

📖 指把某种习俗、传统或观点接纳下来，认为它可以被遵循或相信。这个义项偏旧或偏正式。

💡 常见于“receive a tradition/custom as ...”等正式结构，现代英语通常会用 accept、adopt 或 regard。它描述思想或社会实践上的接纳，不是收到实物。学习时先认识这一义项即可，不必把它当作日常首选表达。
core 接收信号

📖 表示设备从发送端接到无线电、通信或其他信号，把信息传入系统。这里仍然是“把外来的东西接进来”，只是接收者变成了设备。

💡 常用“receive a signal/transmission/message”或“receive signals from + 来源”。这个义项属于通信和工程语境，通常描述设备的功能或实际接收到的信号。不要与 send 混淆：receive 是接收端，send 是发送端。

The receiver can receive signals from several satellites.

这台接收器可以接收来自多颗卫星的信号。

The station received the emergency transmission clearly.

这座电台清楚地接收到了紧急传输信号。
rare 准备接球或回球

📖 在羽毛球、网球或壁球等运动中，指处于能够接住来球或把球击回去的位置。

💡 常见于“be ready to receive”或“receive the serve”等体育表达，具体含义由比赛项目和上下文决定。它不是泛指收到物品，而是描述运动员的接球位置或动作准备。
rare 准备接球或回球

📖 在美式橄榄球中，指球员处于能够接球或对球作出回击的位置。它仍然保留“把外来的球接到自己这边”的核心意思。

💡 通常用于“receive the ball”或“receive a kick”等体育结构，常和球员位置、开球或传球一起出现。这个义项局限于比赛语境，不能用来描述一般的收包裹或收消息。
rare 接受并理解

📖 指在思想上接纳某种说法并理解它，而不是接到实物。这个用法较旧，现代英语通常用 understand、accept 或 comprehend。

💡 现代口语中不常用 receive 表示“理解”，通常说“understand + 内容”。它多见于旧文本或特殊正式语境，不能自然替代“收到并理解”中的 understand。学习时把它认作历史或边缘用法即可。

intransitive transitive

receives present,singular,third-person receiving participle,present received participle,past received past receive first-person,present,singular received first-person,past,singular receive present,second-person,singular receivest archaic,present,second-person,singular received past,second-person,singular receivedst archaic,past,second-person,singular receiveth archaic,present,singular,third-person received past,singular,third-person receive plural,present received past,plural receive present,subjunctive received past,subjunctive receive imperative,present - imperative,past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 13 组

convert into sounds or pictures

同义词集: receive

receive the incoming radio signals

上位: convert

receive a specified treatment (abstract); ;

同义词集: receive get find obtain incur

These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation

His movie received a good review

I got nothing but trouble for my good intentions

上位: change 下位: take

regard favorably or with disapproval

同义词集: receive

Her new collection of poems was not well received

上位: consider, reckon, regard, see, view

accept as true or valid

同义词集: receive

He received Christ

上位: accept

bid welcome to; greet upon arrival

同义词集: welcome receive

上位: greet, recognise, recognize

partake of the Holy Eucharist sacrament

同义词集: receive

上位: partake, touch

express willingness to have in one's home or environs

同义词集: receive take in invite

The community warmly received the refugees

下位: absorb, assume, see, welcome

同义词集: pick up receive

pick up a signal

上位: comprehend, perceive 下位: hear

go through (mental or physical states or experiences); ; ; ;

同义词集: experience receive have get

get an idea

experience vertigo

get nauseous

receive injuries

have a feeling

上位: undergo 下位: get, have, suffer, sustain, take

receive as a retribution or punishment

同义词集: get receive

He got 5 years in prison

get something; come into possession of; ;

同义词集: receive have

receive payment

receive a gift

receive letters from the front

上位: acquire, get 下位: accept, fence, graduate, hustle, inherit

have or give a reception

同义词集: receive

The lady is receiving Sunday morning

上位: celebrate, fete

experience as a reaction

同义词集: meet encounter receive

My proposal met with much opposition

上位: experience, have

🌳 词源

来自中古英语和古法语，最终源自拉丁语，核心构词含有“向后取回”和“拿取”的意思。

From Middle English receyven, from Old French receivre, from Latin recipere (“take back, accept, etc.”), from re- (“back”) + capiō (“to take”); see capacious. Compare conceive, deceive, perceive. Displaced native Middle English terms in -fon/-fangen (e.g. afon, anfon, afangen, underfangen, etc. "to receive" from Old English -fōn), native Middle English thiggen (“to receive”) (from Old English þiċġan), and non-native Middle English aquilen, enquilen (“to receive”) (from Old French aquillir, encueillir).

🔄 变式

- imperat received 1st_sg receivedst archaic receives plural receivest archaic receiveth archaic receiving present

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