rebuke

rebuke既可作名词，指严厉的责备，也可作动词，指严厉地斥责或训诫。

💡 记忆钩子

把rebuke想成用尖锐的话把对方“挡回去”：作为动词，是当面严厉斥责某人；作为名词，就是这一下形成的严厉责备。它不是普通的提醒，而是带有明显不满和纠正意味的言语反击。

📝 学习建议

先掌握动词“严厉斥责”的用法，再把名词理解为“严厉的责备”，这样更容易记住两种词性之间的联系。
不要把rebuke当作普通的批评或温和的建议；它通常暗示说话者明显不满，语气较重。

📖 中文释义

noun

core 严厉的责备

📖 指用强硬、严肃的语气指出某人的错误或不当行为；它就是动词rebuke所造成的那一下“言语上的挡回去”。

💡 常见搭配是“a sharp/stern rebuke”以及“a rebuke from the manager”。它通常作可数名词，前面常有a、the或其他限定词；在新闻、正式叙述和文学语境中比日常口语更常见。不要说“give somebody a rebuke”来表达普通提醒，若语气不重，criticism或warning往往更自然。

The manager's sharp rebuke silenced the room.

经理严厉的责备让整个房间安静了下来。

She took his rebuke seriously and apologized.

她认真对待他的责备，并道了歉。

rebukes plural

verb

core 严厉斥责

📖 指以明显严厉的语气责备某人，要求对方停止错误行为或改正做法；重点在于强烈地把对方的行为驳回去。

💡 可用“rebuke somebody for doing something”说明斥责的原因，也可用被动结构“be rebuked for something”。它比criticize更重、更正式，通常不用于轻松的朋友间玩笑。不要把它当作不及物动词单独使用来表示“发火”，因为通常需要明确指出被斥责的人。

The teacher rebuked Tom for interrupting the meeting.

老师严厉斥责汤姆打断会议。

She rebuked her assistant for sending the report late.

她严厉训斥助理迟交报告。

rebukes present,singular,third-person rebuking participle,present rebuked participle,past rebuked past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 2 组

censure severely or angrily; ;

同义词集: call on the carpet take to task rebuke rag trounce lecture reprimand jaw dress down call down scold chide berate bawl out remonstrate chew out chew up have words lambaste lambast

The mother scolded the child for entering a stranger's car

The deputy ragged the Prime Minister

The customer dressed down the waiter for bringing cold soup

上位: criticise, criticize, knock, pick apart 下位: castigate, chasten, chastise, correct, objurgate

an act or expression of criticism and censure

同义词集: rebuke reproof reproval reprehension reprimand

he had to take the rebuke with a smile on his face

上位: criticism, unfavorable judgment 下位: chastening, chastisement, chiding, correction, lecture, objurgation, reproach, scolding, speech, talking to, tongue-lashing

🌳 词源

词源上与“击打、砍击”有关，后来发展出“用严厉言语把人挡回去、斥责”的意思。

From Middle English rebuken, from Anglo-Norman rebuker (“to beat back, repel”), from re- + Old French *buker, buchier, buschier (“to strike, hack down, chop”), from busche (“wood”), from Vulgar Latin *busca (“wood, grove”), from Frankish *busk (“grove”), from Proto-Germanic *buskaz (“bush”); equivalent to re- + bush.

🔄 变式

rebuked past rebukes plural rebuking present

🏷 单词标签 & 词根