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rear
★★★
🇺🇸 /ɹˈɪɹ/
🇬🇧 /ˈɹɪː/
rear 主要表示“后部、后面的”,也可作动词表示把人或动物养大、培育,或使某物向上立起、显现。它还可表示马等用后腿站起;少数义项是方言、文学或过时用法。
💡 记忆钩子
把 rear 想成“让东西在后面站起来”:作为名词或形容词,它指后部、最后面;作为动词,它可以让孩子或牲畜长大,也可以让马站起、让高大的东西耸立,甚至让某种问题“抬头”出现。搅动、雕刻等少数义项来自另一条词源,应单独记忆。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“后部”和“养大、培育”这两组核心意思,再学习马扬起前腿和比喻性“显现”的用法。
- 不要把 rear 一律理解成 raise 或 rise:rear 更常突出“在后面”或“把人、动物养大”,而 raise 和 rise 的使用范围不同。
📖 中文释义
adj
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core 后面的;最后面的📖 指处在后方或队列最后面的,与前部相对。这是 rear 作形容词时最常见、最值得先掌握的意思。💡 常用结构是 “the rear + 部分或物体”,如表示车辆、建筑物或队伍的后部。它通常放在名词前作定语,不能自然地直接替代表示“后面”的名词短语。not-comparablePlease enter through the rear door.请从后门进入。
adj
-
rare 未熟透的📖 在方言用法中,形容鸡蛋等食物接近生的、没有完全煮熟。dialectal
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rare 三分熟的📖 在美国部分地区的用法中,形容肉类煎得较生,接近三分熟。US
rearer
comparative
more rear
comparative
rearest
superlative
most rear
superlative
adv
-
rare 早早地;很快地📖 这是英国方言或旧用法,表示某事发生得很早或很快。British dialectal not-comparable
noun
-
core 后部;最后面📖 指某个物体、队伍或顺序中的后方部分,也就是与前端相对的地方。这和形容词“后面的”是同一个核心画面。💡 常用结构是 “the rear of + 名词”,表示某物的后部;也可以说 “at the rear” 表示在后方。不要把它和只表示方向的 “behind” 完全混用,rear 更像一个明确的后部位置。We found two empty seats at the rear of the bus.我们在公共汽车后部找到了两个空座位。The emergency exit is at the rear.紧急出口在后面。
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common 后卫;后方部队📖 特指军队、舰队或其他有队列的组织中位于最后面的部分,负责处在后方或掩护后方。💡 常用结构是 “the rear of the army” 或 “protect the rear”,多见于军事、历史和政治报道。现代日常语境中,它通常不是普通团队“最后一排”的首选说法。The soldiers at the rear protected the retreating unit.后方的士兵保护了正在撤退的部队。
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common 臀部📖 指人的臀部或身体的下后方,是一种较委婉、较正式的说法。💡 常见于医学、体育或较委婉的描述中,通常说 “the rear” 或 “the rear of the body”。不要把这个意思误认为单纯的“后面”;涉及人体时要根据上下文判断。The cyclist landed hard on his rear.那名骑自行车的人重重地摔在了臀部上。
rears
plural
verb
-
core 养育;培养📖 指把孩子养大、教育成人,或在成长过程中给予照料和培养。它把“让某物成长起来”的画面延伸到了人的成长。💡 常用结构是 “rear + 人” 或 “be reared by + 人”,也可以说 “rear children”。这个词比 raise 更正式,日常谈论养孩子时 raise 通常更自然。transitiveShe was reared by her grandparents in a small town.她由祖父母在一个小镇上抚养长大。The couple reared three children together.这对夫妻一起养育了三个孩子。
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core 饲养;繁育📖 指饲养动物并让它们长大,也可以指培育牲畜等。重点是长期照料和使其成长,而不只是暂时喂养。💡 常用结构是 “rear + 动物” 或 “rear animals for + 用途”,多见于农业、养殖和正式说明。表示普通家庭养宠物时,raise 或 keep 往往比 rear 更自然。transitiveThis farm rears sheep for wool.这个农场饲养绵羊以生产羊毛。
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core 用后腿站起📖 指马等动物抬起前腿、用后腿站立,像是身体突然向上立起。💡 常用结构是 “the horse reared” 或 “rear up”,通常是不及物用法。描述动物突然站起时,注意不要把它写成普通的及物“抬起某物”。intransitiveThe frightened horse reared when the gate slammed shut.大门砰地关上时,受惊的马用后腿站了起来。
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common 发怒;恼火📖 通常指人因不满或受到冒犯而突然发怒,仿佛情绪向上冲起。💡 常见结构是 “rear up” 或 “rear up at/about + 事情”,多用于叙述某人对批评或问题的强烈反应。它通常不是单独表示一般的“生气”,而是突出突然、强烈的反应。intransitive usuallyHe reared up when they questioned his decision.他们质疑他的决定时,他立刻恼火起来。
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common 高耸;耸立📖 指建筑物、山峰或其他东西向上高高立起,显得高大突出。💡 常用结构是 “rear above/over + 名词”,多用于描写建筑、山峰和大型物体。这个用法带有描写性,普通说明中也可以根据语境改用 rise 或 tower。intransitiveA tall cliff reared above the narrow road.一面高耸的悬崖立在狭窄道路上方。
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common 使升起;使显现📖 可以指把东西抬高,也可以比喻某种问题、危险或困难突然出现并产生影响,像它抬起头来一样。💡 具体义常用 “rear + 名词”,比喻义常见于 “rear its head”,表示问题或危险开始显现。这个表达偏书面或新闻语体;日常对话中通常会说 appear、arise 或 emerge。literary transitiveA new problem reared its head during the final test.最后测试期间,一个新问题突然出现了。
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rare 建造;搭建📖 旧式或少见地指建造房屋、防御工事等,把结构立起来。rare transitive
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rare 提升道德或精神境界📖 文学或宗教语境中指使人的精神、品德得到提升。rare transitive
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rare 抬起;抱起📖 过时用法中指把某人或某物抬起、扶起。obsolete transitive
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rare 唤起;激起📖 过时用法中指唤起、激发某种力量或行动。obsolete transitive
rears
present,singular,third-person
rearing
participle,present
reared
participle,past
reared
past
verb
-
rare 置于后方📖 少见地指把人或事物安排到后方,或负责守住后方。
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rare 进行肛交📖 英国英语中的粗俗成人用法,指进行肛交;这是性行为相关的边缘义项。British transitive vulgar
rears
present,singular,third-person
rearing
participle,present
reared
participle,past
reared
past
verb
-
rare 移动;搅动📖 来自另一条词源的少见义项,指移动、摇动或搅动某物。transitive
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rare 雕刻📖 方言或旧用法中指雕刻、刻制某物。transitive
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rare 使复活📖 只在过时或地区性表达中指使死者恢复生命,和“使某物重新动起来”的旧核心意象有关。obsolete regional
rears
present,singular,third-person
rearing
participle,present
reared
participle,past
reared
past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 10 组
construct, build, or erect
同义词集:
raise
erect
rear
set up
put up
Raise a barn
反义: dismantle, level, pull down, rase, raze, take down, tear down
上位: build, construct, make
stand up on the hind legs, of quadrupeds
同义词集:
rear
rise up
The horse reared in terror
上位: straighten
cause to rise up
同义词集:
rear
erect
上位: bring up, elevate, get up, lift, raise
下位: cock up, pitch, prick, prick up, set up
look after a child until it is an adult;
同义词集:
rear
raise
bring up
nurture
parent
raise a family
bring up children
下位: cradle, foster
rise up
同义词集:
rise
lift
rear
The building rose before them
上位: appear, look, seem
下位: hulk, loom, predominate, tower
the side that goes last or is not normally seen
同义词集:
rear
back
he wrote the date on the back of the photograph
反义: front
上位: side
下位: after part, empennage, poop, quarter, stern, tail, tail assembly
the fleshy part of the human body that you sit on;
同义词集:
buttocks
nates
arse
butt
backside
bum
buns
can
fundament
hindquarters
hind end
keister
posterior
prat
rear
rear end
rump
stern
seat
tail
tail end
tooshie
tush
bottom
behind
derriere
fanny
ass
he deserves a good kick in the butt
are you going to sit on your fanny and do nothing?
the back of a military formation or procession
同义词集:
rear
infantrymen were in the rear
反义: head
上位: formation
the part of something that is furthest from the normal viewer;
同义词集:
back
rear
he stood at the back of the stage
it was hidden in the rear of the store
反义: front
上位: place, position
the side of an object that is opposite its front
同义词集:
rear
backside
back end
his room was toward the rear of the hotel
反义: forepart, front, front end
上位: face, side
🌳 词源
主要有两条词源:一条与“升起、抬高、养育”有关,另一条来自表示“后面”的拉丁语词源;搅动、雕刻等动词义项又来自另一古英语词源。
From Middle English reren (“to raise”), from Old English rǣran (“to raise, set upright, promote, exalt, begin, create, give rise to, excite, rouse, arouse, stir up”), from Proto-West Germanic *raiʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *raizijaną, *raisijaną (“to cause to rise, raise”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rey- (“to lift oneself, rise”).
Cognate with Scots rere (“to construct, build, rear”), Icelandic reisa (“to raise”), Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (raisjan, “to cause to rise, lift up, establish”), German reisen (“to travel”, literally “to rear up and depart”); and a doublet of raise. More at rise.
Related to rise and raise, which is used for several of its now archaic or obsolete senses and for some of its senses that are currently more common in other dialects of English.
🔄 变式
more rear
compar
most rear
superl
reared
past
rearer
compar
rearest
superl
rearing
present
rears
plural
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