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reaction

★★★★
🇺🇸 /ɹiˈækʃʌn/
noun 编号: R00774 牛津3000 BNC #1269 COCA #1409
reaction 主要指对事件或刺激作出的反应,也可指化学反应、政治上的反动潮流,以及网络消息下表达情绪的回应图标。
💡 记忆钩子
把 reaction 想成“事情推过来,你这边弹回来”:人会作出反应,物质会发生化学反应,政治上也可指对变革的反动;在网络上,则把这种反应缩成一个表情图标。
📝 学习建议
  • 先掌握“对刺激或事件的反应”这一核心义,再扩展到化学、政治和网络用法。
  • 不要把 reaction 只理解成“反应速度”;它也能表示情绪回应、政治反动或消息下的表情回应。
📖 中文释义
noun
  • core 回应;反应
    📖 指人在受到某件事、某种刺激或某个消息后表现出的情绪、言语或行为。它可以是个人的即时反应,也可以是公众对重大事件的整体回应。
    💡 常用“reaction to + 事件或事物”表示“对……的反应”,也可说“have a reaction”或“provoke a reaction”。它既能修饰积极反应,也能修饰强烈、负面或出乎意料的反应。不要直接用它表示“反应过来”这一动作,后者通常需要相应的动词结构。
    Her reaction to the news was surprisingly calm.
    她对这个消息的反应出奇地平静。
    The decision caused an angry reaction from local residents.
    这项决定引起了当地居民的愤怒反应。
  • common 化学反应
    📖 指一种或多种物质发生变化,生成不同物质的过程。这里的“反应”不是人的回应,而是物质之间发生了相互作用。
    💡 常用“a reaction between A and B”或“a reaction in which …”介绍反应物和变化过程。科学语境中常与化学物质、温度和生成物等词搭配,通常是可数名词。不要把普通的物理变化都称为 reaction,具体语境下可能应使用表示变化的其他词。
    The reaction between the acid and the metal produced gas.
    酸和金属之间的化学反应产生了气体。
  • common 政治反动;反动势力
    📖 在政治语境中,指反对社会或政治变革、试图恢复旧秩序的思想、力量或时期。它仍然保留了“对变化作出反向回应”的核心感觉。
    💡 常见于历史和政治评论中,可用于指一种思想、政治力量或某段时期。它通常带有批评色彩,不宜在普通对话中随意用来指任何保守意见。涉及具体政治立场时,应结合上下文判断它是在描述力量、政策,还是整个时期。
    The revolution was followed by a period of political reaction.
    这场革命之后出现了一段政治反动时期。
  • rare 无目的行为
    📖 在奥地利的经济或科学用语中,指缺乏明确目的的行为;这是地区性和专业性用法,可看作“作出回应但没有明确目标”的特殊延伸。
    Austrian
  • common 消息回应图标
    📖 在网络平台上,指用户附加在帖子或消息下的表情或图标,用来快速表达喜欢、惊讶、悲伤等感受。它把对消息的心理反应变成了一个可点击的标记。
    💡 常用“add a reaction to a message”或“leave a reaction”表示在消息下添加回应。这个用法主要见于社交平台、聊天软件和在线协作工具,具体图标含义由平台决定。不要把它和文字回复混为一谈,reaction 通常不包含完整的文字内容。
    Internet
    I left a heart reaction on her photo.
    我在她的照片下点了一个爱心回应。
reactions plural
📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 7 组
doing something in opposition to another way of doing it that you don't like
同义词集: reaction
his style of painting was a reaction against cubism
上位: opposition, resistance 下位: backlash
a bodily process occurring due to the effect of some antecedent stimulus or agent;
同义词集: reaction response
a bad reaction to the medicine
his responses have slowed with age
上位: activity, bodily function, bodily process, body process 下位: answer, inborn reflex, innate reflex, instinctive reflex, overreaction, passage, passing, physiological reaction, rebound, reflex, reflex action, reflex response, taxis, unconditioned reflex
an idea evoked by some experience
同义词集: reaction
his reaction to the news was to start planning what to do
上位: idea, thought
extreme conservatism in political or social matters
同义词集: reaction
the forces of reaction carried the election
上位: conservatism, conservativism
a response that reveals a person's feelings or attitude;
同义词集: reaction
he was pleased by the audience's reaction to his performance
John feared his mother's reaction when she saw the broken lamp
上位: response
(mechanics) the equal and opposite force that is produced when any force is applied to a body
同义词集: reaction
every action has an equal and opposite reaction
上位: force
(chemistry) a process in which one or more substances are changed into others
同义词集: chemical reaction reaction
there was a chemical reaction of the lime with the ground water
下位: chemical decomposition reaction, chemical equilibrium, decomposition, decomposition reaction, displacement, displacement reaction, equilibrium, hydrolysis, oxidation, oxidation-reduction, oxidisation, oxidization, oxidoreduction, redox, reducing, reduction
🌳 词源
源自拉丁语,词根含有“再次行动”的意思,后来发展出“回应、反应”的核心概念。
Inherited from Middle English reaccion, from Old French reaction, from Latin reāctiō, from the verb reagō, from re- (“again”) + agō (“to act”); more at re-, action; equivalent to react + -ion.
🔄 变式
reactions plural
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