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question

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🇺🇸 /kwˈɛstʃʌn/
noun 编号: Q00200 牛津3000 BNC #221 COCA #197
question既可以指寻求答案的“问题、疑问”,也可以指对某事提出质疑;作动词时表示提问、盘问或质疑。
💡 记忆钩子
把question想成“把一个未知处敲出来”:先是用一句话向别人求答案,成为“问题”;问题也可以变成需要讨论的“事项”,或让人对某个说法产生“疑问、质疑”。作动词时,就是主动把这个未知处问出来,或者把某个看似确定的说法拿出来检查。
📝 学习建议
  • 先掌握名词“问题、疑问”和动词“提问、质疑”这条主线,再学习会议表决等较专门的用法。
  • 不要把question一律理解为普通的“问题”;它也常表示对真实性或正确性的怀疑,具体含义要看上下文。
📖 中文释义
noun
  • core 问题;疑问句
    📖 question是为了得到信息、答复或反应而说出或写出的问句,也可以只是一两个询问性的词。它对应记忆中的“把未知处敲出来”:说话人希望对方给出答案。
    💡 常用“ask a question”“answer a question”和“have a question about + 事项”。question既可指完整问句,也可泛指一次提问;不要把它只理解成书面语中的“疑问句”,日常询问同样常用。
    I have a question about the bus schedule.
    我想问一个关于公交车时刻表的问题。
    Please write your questions on the card.
    请把你们的问题写在卡片上。
  • common 议题;待研究的问题
    📖 question也可以不是一句问话,而是摆在大家面前、需要考虑或调查的事项。这里的“未知处”扩大成一个值得讨论的议题。
    💡 常用模板是“the question of + 名词”或“the question of whether + 从句”,表示某个待处理的议题。它比泛指“问题”更强调需要讨论或作出判断的方面,正式讨论和新闻中尤其常见。
    The question of who will lead the team is still open.
    由谁带领这个团队的问题仍未确定。
  • core 疑问;质疑
    📖 当question指对事实、准确性或有效性的怀疑时,它表示“这个说法经不起确认”。这仍然是把未知处敲出来,只是目的从求信息变成检查某事是否可信。
    💡 常见结构是“question the truth/accuracy/validity of + 事项”或“come under question”,后者表示受到质疑。这个义项通常不是在向某人索要答案,而是在表达怀疑;不要自动译成普通的“问题”。
    Several experts have questioned the accuracy of the report.
    几位专家质疑了这份报告的准确性。
    His explanation has come under question.
    他的解释受到了质疑。
  • common 会议议案;待表决事项
    📖 在会议程序中,question可专指提交会议讨论和表决的议题。它是“待处理的事项”这一用法的正式延伸,而不是一般的提问。
    💡 常见于“put the question to a vote”或“the question before the meeting”,用于说明某项议案进入表决程序。这个用法较正式,通常和会议、议会或组织决议有关;日常聊天中不要把普通问题都称为会议议案。
    The chair put the question to a vote.
    主席把这项议案提交表决。
  • rare 刑讯
    📖 在历史或古旧语境中,the question可指用酷刑审讯;这是从“审问”发展出的特殊旧义,现代日常英语中几乎不用。
    💡 通常只出现在带有历史背景的固定说法“put someone to the question”中,并且常有定冠词the。现代语境下不要用它表示普通提问或现代审讯。
    archaic historical with-definite-article
  • rare 谈话;言语
    📖 在废弃用法中,question还可泛指谈话或言语,与“询问”这一核心概念已经拉得很远;现代英语中不应主动使用。
    💡 这一义项只会在古旧文学或历史文本中偶尔遇到,不能用现代常见的“ask a question”结构来替换它。阅读时应根据上下文把它理解为谈话,而不是具体的疑问句。
    obsolete
questions plural
verb
  • core 询问;盘问
    📖 question某人就是把未知处直接向对方问出来,以获取信息;语气可从普通询问到正式盘问不等。它对应记忆中的主动动作:把问题投向一个人。
    💡 常用模板是“question + 人 + about + 事项”,也可用“question + 人 + on + 主题”表示就某主题盘问。它是及物动词,后面直接接被询问的人;不要在question后机械加介词再接人。
    transitive
    The reporter questioned the mayor about the new plan.
    记者就新计划询问市长。
    The police questioned him for two hours.
    警方盘问了他两个小时。
  • core 质疑;怀疑
    📖 question某事表示不轻易接受它为真、正确或合理,而是要求重新检查。这里不是向某人索取信息,而是把某个看似确定的说法敲开一个缺口。
    💡 常见模板是“question + 说法/决定/假设”或“question whether + 从句”。这个及物用法后面接被质疑的内容,不等于简单地说自己“有一个问题”;表达疑问本身时可改用“have a question about + 事项”。
    transitive
    Many people questioned the decision to close the library.
    许多人质疑关闭图书馆的决定。
    She began to question whether the story was true.
    她开始怀疑这个故事是否属实。
  • common 提问;探问
    📖 不及物用法表示主动提出问题、寻求了解或通过询问来探究。重点在“进行询问”这一活动,而不是某一个具体的问题。
    💡 常见结构是“question about + 事项”或“question further”,也可直接说“keep questioning”。此用法比及物的“question某人”更强调提问者持续探究;正式文章中还可能表示通过发问来审查一个观点。
    intransitive
    If you are unsure, keep questioning until the instructions are clear.
    如果你不确定,就继续提问,直到说明变得清楚为止。
  • rare 争辩;交谈
    📖 在废弃用法中,question可表示争论、交谈或辩驳,是从相互发问进一步发展出的旧义;现代英语中通常不用。
    💡 这一用法主要出现在古旧文学中,常带有与某人争辩的语境。现代表达争论或交谈时应使用相应的常用动词,不要主动用question承担这些意思。
    intransitive obsolete
questions present,singular,third-person questioning participle,present questioned participle,past questioned past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 11 组
pose a question
同义词集: question query
上位: ask, enquire, inquire 下位: enquire, examine, inquire, pump, wonder
pose a series of questions to;
同义词集: interrogate question
The suspect was questioned by the police
We questioned the survivor about the details of the explosion
上位: ask, enquire, inquire
conduct an interview in television, newspaper, and radio reporting
同义词集: interview question
上位: converse, discourse
challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of
同义词集: question oppugn call into question
We must question your judgment in this matter
上位: challenge
place in doubt or express doubtful speculation;
同义词集: wonder question
I wonder whether this was the right thing to do
she wondered whether it would snow tonight
上位: chew over, contemplate, excogitate, meditate, mull, mull over, muse, ponder, reflect, ruminate, speculate, think over
uncertainty about the truth or factuality or existence of something;
同义词集: doubt dubiousness doubtfulness question
the dubiousness of his claim
there is no question about the validity of the enterprise
上位: precariousness, uncertainness, uncertainty
the subject matter at issue;
同义词集: question head
the question of disease merits serious discussion
under the head of minor Roman poets
上位: subject, theme, topic 下位: problem
an informal reference to a marriage proposal
同义词集: question
he was ready to pop the question
上位: marriage offer, marriage proposal, proposal, proposal of marriage
a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote;
同义词集: motion question
he made a motion to adjourn
she called for the question
上位: proposal
an instance of questioning;
同义词集: question inquiry enquiry query interrogation
there was a question about my training
we made inquiries of all those who were present
反义: answer 上位: inquiring, questioning
a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply;
同义词集: question interrogation interrogative interrogative sentence
he asked a direct question
he had trouble phrasing his interrogations
上位: sentence 下位: cross-question
🌳 词源
名词源自中古英语,最终与拉丁语中表示“寻求、调查、询问”的词有关;动词部分源自法语,也由名词发展而来。
From Middle English questioun, from Anglo-Norman questiun, from Old French question, from Latin quaestiōnem, accusative of quaestiō (“a seeking, investigation, inquiry, question”), from quaerere (“to seek, ask, inquire”), of uncertain origin, but possibly from Proto-Italic *kʷaizeō, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂- (“to acquire”). Doublet of quest. Partially displaced native Old English āscung, whence asking. Compare also Middle Low German quēstie (“questioning; inquiry”), Middle High German questje (“question”).
🔄 变式
questioned past questioning present questions plural
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