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practice
★★★★
🇺🇸 /pɹˈæktʌs/
practice主要指通过反复做来提高能力,也可引申为有规律的实际做法、专业活动或提供专业服务的场所。
💡 记忆钩子
把practice想成一条“反复做、做成习惯、做出门道”的路:反复练习是practice,定期进行的训练活动也是practice;久而久之形成的惯例、真正落实的做法,以及医生或艺术家的专业实践,都从这个核心概念延伸出来。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“练习”和“惯常做法”两个核心义项,再学习“专业事务、专业场所”和“理论与实践”的用法。
- 不要把practice只理解成“练习”;在“usual practice”和“in practice”等搭配中,它分别表示惯例和实际情况。
- practice通常是名词;不要因为它看起来像动词就直接按中文“实践”使用,具体含义要看上下文。
📖 中文释义
noun
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core 练习;训练📖 指为了提高某种技能而反复进行的活动,重点是“通过不断做而变得更熟练”。💡 常用“practice + 名词”或“practice + 动词-ing”,表示练习某项内容或动作;也常说“需要大量练习”。这里通常是不可数名词,不要随意说“一次练习”来对应单数形式。uncountable usuallyShe needs more practice before she plays the song in public.她还需要多练习,才能在公众面前演奏这首歌。Regular practice is the best way to improve your pronunciation.经常练习是改善发音的最好方法。
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common 训练课;练习活动📖 指球队、乐队等为正式比赛或表演而安排的集体训练或排练,是“练习”这一过程组织成的一次活动。💡 常用“go to practice”“at practice”等说法,尤其用于体育和音乐语境;这里仍通常用不可数形式。不要误译成泛指任何个人练习,它更常指有安排的训练课或排练。uncountable usuallyThe team has practice every Tuesday and Thursday evening.这支队每周二和周四晚上都有训练。
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common 专业实践;专业活动📖 指某人在医学、艺术等领域持续开展的专业工作和创作活动,强调把专业知识落实到长期工作中。💡 常用“one's practice”或“professional practice”表示某人的专业实践;在艺术语境中可指创作活动,在医学语境中可指行医工作。它不是某一次具体工作,而是持续性的专业活动。especially uncountable usuallyHer artistic practice combines painting, photography, and sound.她的艺术实践结合了绘画、摄影和声音。
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common 专业服务机构;诊所📖 指医生、律师等专业人士提供服务的业务机构或工作场所;在医学语境中常译为“诊所”或“医疗机构”。💡 这是可数名词,常用“run a practice”“a medical practice”等结构;前面可以有不定冠词或其他限定词。不要把这里的practice理解成“练习”,它指的是提供专业服务的机构或业务。countable usuallyThe doctor opened her own practice after working at the hospital for ten years.这名医生在医院工作十年后开了自己的诊所。
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common 宗教仪式;宗教戒律的遵守📖 指教会或宗教要求信徒履行的礼拜、仪式或其他宗教义务,强调实际遵守宗教要求。💡 常用“religious practice”或“a practice of the faith”等结构;通常是不可数名词,泛指一套宗教活动或遵守方式。不要只把它理解成个人习惯,因为这里通常带有宗教规范的含义。uncountable usuallyFasting is an important religious practice for many people.禁食对许多人来说是一项重要的宗教习俗。
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core 惯例;习惯做法📖 指个人、群体或机构一贯采用的行为方式,也就是“通常都这样做”的惯例。💡 常用“the usual practice is to do something”或“it is common practice to do something”等句型;通常是不可数名词。不要把它和个人一时的“习惯”完全等同,它往往强调群体或机构长期形成的做法。uncountable usuallyIt is common practice to confirm the appointment by email.通过电子邮件确认预约是常见做法。The company changed its practice of holding meetings on Friday afternoons.公司改变了周五下午开会的惯例。
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core 实际应用;实践📖 指把理论、计划或原则真正用于现实情况中的做法和效果,和抽象的理论相对。💡 最常见的结构是“in practice”,表示“实际上、在实际应用中”;也常见“theory and practice”的对比。不要把“in practice”机械理解成“在练习中”,这里强调现实中的执行结果。uncountable usuallyThe plan sounds simple in theory, but it is difficult in practice.这个计划理论上听起来很简单,但实际执行起来很难。Students learn how to apply the rules in practice.学生学习如何在实际中运用这些规则。
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common 法律诉讼程序📖 在法律语境中,指按照法律原则和法院规则处理诉讼案件的方式、程序和工作范围。💡 常见于“legal practice”“law practice”或“practice of law”等法律搭配;通常是不可数名词。这里不是普通的“练习”或一般做法,而是法律专业中的程序性工作。uncountable usuallyShe specializes in the practice of family law.她专门从事家庭法业务。
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rare 计谋;巧妙手段📖 指用熟练或巧妙的手段达到目的,有时含有计谋或诡计的意味,是从“做事做出门道”引申出的较旧用法。💡 这种用法较少见,多出现在旧式、文学或历史语境中;现代日常英语中通常改用表示策略、技巧或诡计的其他词。不要把它当作现代普通意义上的“练习”。uncountable usually
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rare 商业算术简算法📖 指一种把算术规则简便地应用于贸易和商业问题的方法,属于历史性的数学术语。💡 主要出现在数学史或旧商业教育语境中,现代日常交流中几乎不会使用。遇到这一义项时,应根据上下文理解为一种计算方法,而不是一般的技能练习。uncountable usually
practices
plural
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 10 组
a customary way of operation or behavior;
同义词集:
practice
pattern
it is their practice to give annual raises
they changed their dietary pattern
上位: activity
下位: cannibalism, cooperation, custom, fashion, mistreatment, modernism, occult, occult arts, pluralism, quotation, ritual, slaveholding, slavery, symbolisation, symbolism, symbolization, usage, usance
translating an idea into action;
同义词集:
practice
praxis
a hard theory to put into practice
differences between theory and praxis of communism
上位: effectuation, implementation
learn by repetition;
同义词集:
drill
exercise
practice
practise
We drilled French verbs every day
Pianists practice scales
上位: learn, read, study, take
the exercise of a profession;
同义词集:
practice
the practice of the law
I took over his practice when he retired
上位: employment, exercise, usage, use, utilisation, utilization
下位: consultancy
systematic training by multiple repetitions
同义词集:
exercise
practice
drill
practice session
recitation
practice makes perfect
上位: grooming, preparation, training
下位: brushup, dry run, manual, manual of arms, rehearsal, review, scrimmage
engage in a rehearsal (of)
同义词集:
rehearse
practise
practice
上位: do, execute, perform
下位: scrimmage
engage in or perform;
同义词集:
commit
practice
practice safe sex
commit a random act of kindness
上位: engage, prosecute, pursue
avail oneself to; ; ; ;
同义词集:
practice
apply
use
apply a principle
practice a religion
use care when going down the stairs
use your common sense
practice non-violent resistance
下位: follow
carry out or practice; as of jobs and professions
同义词集:
practice
practise
exercise
do
practice law
knowledge of how something is usually done
同义词集:
practice
it is not the local practice to wear shorts to dinner
上位: cognition, knowledge, noesis
下位: convention, custom, formula, heritage, normal, pattern, rule, tradition
🌳 词源
来自中古英语,词源可追溯到中古法语和中世纪拉丁语,最终与古希腊语中表示“实际行动、实践”的词有关。
▲
Middle English practice, practise, practize, practyseder.
Middle English practice, practique, practyse
English practice
The noun is from Middle English practice, practique, practyse, from the verb; also compare Medieval Latin prāctica.. Displaced native Old English sidu.
The verb is from Middle English practice, practise, practize, practyse, from Middle French pratiser, practiser, alteration of practiquer, from Medieval Latin prācticāre, from Late Latin prācticus, from Ancient Greek πρακτικός (praktikós).
The spelling practice is attested once in Middle English for both the noun and the verb. The noun began to be assimilated in spelling to nouns in -ice; practise (noun) is now obsolete.
🔄 变式
practices
plural
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