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pose
★★★
🇺🇸 /pˈoʊz/
🇬🇧 /pəʊz/
pose 主要表示“姿态、姿势”,也可表示摆姿态、提出问题、构成威胁或冒充身份;少数义项已过时。
💡 记忆钩子
把身体摆到一个位置,就是一种“姿态”;把这种姿态摆给别人看,就可能变成装腔作势。这个“摆到面前”的核心还可延伸为把问题摆出来、构成某种威胁,或摆出某种身份来冒充别人。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“姿势”和“摆姿势”这组核心义,再学习“提出问题、构成威胁、冒充身份”等引申义。
- 不要只把 pose 理解成“摆拍”;它也常用于抽象的事物,如风险、威胁和问题。
📖 中文释义
noun
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rare 古义:感冒📖 指感冒,尤其是伴随鼻腔分泌物或头部不适的症状;这是古旧义项,现代阅读中偶尔才会遇到。💡 通常只在古典或历史语境中出现,不能按现代英语的普通搭配来使用。现代日常交流中不要用 pose 表示感冒。archaic
poses
plural
noun
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core 姿势;姿态📖 指身体在某一时刻摆出的姿势或位置,尤其常用于拍照、绘画和表演;核心画面就是把身体“摆”在那里。💡 常见结构是“a pose for + 活动”或“in a pose”,也常说“strike a pose”。它既可指自然保持的姿势,也可指为了照片或表演而刻意摆出的姿势。She held the pose while the photographer adjusted the lights.摄影师调灯时,她保持着这个姿势。The yoga teacher showed us a simple pose for beginners.瑜伽老师给我们示范了一个适合初学者的简单姿势。
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common 装腔作势;做派📖 指为了显得重要、时髦或令人钦佩而故意摆出的样子,重点不在真实状态,而在给别人看的姿态。💡 常见结构是“a pose of + 名词”或“strike a pose”,也可说“put on a pose”。这个义项通常含贬义,表示刻意和不自然,不要把它当作普通的“姿势”来理解。His confident smile was just a pose to hide his nerves.他自信的笑容只是为了掩饰紧张而摆出的样子。
poses
plural
verb
-
core 摆好姿势📖 指把某人或某物摆成适合拍照、绘画或表演的固定姿势,也就是把姿态“摆出来”。💡 常见结构是“pose someone/something for + 活动”或“pose someone/something in + 姿势”。这是及物用法,后面要有被摆姿势的人或物;不要误用成不带宾语的“摆姿势”。transitiveThe photographer posed the family in front of the old house.摄影师让这家人在老房子前摆好姿势。
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common 提出;设置📖 指把问题、谜语或测试题摆到别人面前,要求对方思考或回答。💡 常见结构是“pose a question/problem/riddle”,后面直接接要提出的内容。这个用法比 ask 更正式一些,强调把问题呈现出来,不一定表示面对面发问。transitiveThe article poses an important question about privacy.这篇文章提出了一个关于隐私的重要问题。
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common 构成;造成📖 指某人或某事形成一种现实的危险、威胁或风险,仿佛把这种危险摆到了某个对象面前。💡 最常见结构是“pose a threat/risk/danger to + 对象”,也可接 challenge 等抽象名词。主语通常是事物、局势或行为;不要把它简单理解为“提出威胁”。transitiveThe broken bridge poses a serious risk to local drivers.这座损坏的桥梁给当地司机带来了严重风险。
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common 冒充📖 指故意装成另一个人或某种职业身份,以便达到某个目的;这里也是“摆出一种身份”的延伸。💡 常见结构是“pose as + 身份或人物”,as 后面不能省略。这个用法通常暗示欺骗或非法目的,不要和单纯的“扮演角色”混淆。transitiveThe thief posed as a delivery driver to enter the building.小偷冒充送货司机,进入了那栋楼。
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core 摆姿势;摆出姿态📖 指自己保持某种姿势,或故意摆出某种态度给别人看;它与名词“姿态”的核心画面直接相连。💡 常见结构是“pose for + 人或相机”以及“pose as + 身份或角色”。这是不及物用法时不直接带被摆姿势的宾语;若要说让别人摆姿势,应使用及物义项。intransitiveThe children posed for a photo in front of the fountain.孩子们在喷泉前摆好姿势拍照。He posed as a serious expert during the interview.采访时,他摆出一副严肃专家的样子。
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common 装腔作势📖 指故意表现得夸张或自命不凡,以吸引注意或赢得赞赏;也就是把“摆姿态”进一步变成刻意作秀。💡 常见结构是“pose to attract attention”或“pose as if + 从句”,也常单独用 pose 描写某人的行为。这个义项带贬义,不能用来中性地描述拍照摆姿势。intransitiveShe kept posing for the cameras instead of helping her team.她一直在镜头前摆样子,而不是帮助自己的团队。
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rare 古义:盘问📖 古旧地指向某人连续提问或盘问,和“把问题摆到对方面前”的引申义有关。💡 这是过时用法,主要出现在古英语或历史文本中。现代英语中表示盘问应使用更常见的表达,不要主动套用 pose。obsolete transitive
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rare 古义:用问题难倒📖 古旧地指用问题或审查使某人困惑、尴尬,甚至一时无法回答。💡 这个义项带有古旧色彩,现代英语中不用于普通的“问问题”。阅读旧文本时可根据上下文理解为“使人难以应对”。obsolete transitive
poses
present,singular,third-person
posing
participle,present
posed
participle,past
posed
past
verb
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rare 古义:盘问📖 指向某人提出一连串问题进行盘问,是“把问题摆到对方面前”的古旧用法。💡 这是过时义项,通常只在古典文本中出现。现代表达“盘问”时应使用现代常用词。obsolete
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rare 古义:用难题难倒📖 指用难回答的问题使人困惑、无言以对或感到尴尬。💡 该义项带有古旧色彩,不能作为现代英语中普通的“使困惑”用法。阅读时需结合上下文判断它是否表示“难倒某人”。archaic
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rare 古义:使困惑📖 指把某人弄得思路混乱或不知如何回答,是古旧的“用问题把人逼住”的说法。💡 现代英语中几乎不会这样使用 pose。它主要帮助理解旧文本,不建议在日常写作或会话中模仿。archaic
poses
present,singular,third-person
posing
participle,present
posed
participle,past
posed
past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 9 组
be a mystery or bewildering to; ; ;
同义词集:
perplex
vex
stick
get
puzzle
mystify
baffle
beat
pose
bewilder
flummox
stupefy
nonplus
gravel
amaze
dumbfound
This beats me!
Got me--I don't know the answer!
a vexing problem
This question really stuck me
上位: bedevil, befuddle, confound, confuse, discombobulate, fox, fuddle, throw
下位: elude, escape, mix up, riddle, stump
参见: figure out, lick, puzzle out, solve, work, work out
a deliberate pretense or exaggerated display
同义词集:
affectation
mannerism
pose
affectedness
上位: feigning, pretence, pretending, pretense, simulation
下位: attitude
pretend to be someone you are not; sometimes with fraudulent intentions
同义词集:
pose
impersonate
personate
She posed as the Czar's daughter
上位: betray, deceive, lead astray
下位: masquerade
put into a certain place or abstract location; ; ;
同义词集:
put
set
place
pose
position
lay
Put your things here
Set the tray down
Set the dogs on the scent of the missing children
Place emphasis on a certain point
上位: displace, move
下位: arrange, barrel, bed, bottle, bucket, butt, clap, cock, coffin, cram, deposit, dispose, docket, enclose, ensconce, fix, ground, inclose, insert, instal, install, introduce, jar, lay, lean, load, marshal, middle, nestle, park, perch, pile, pillow, place upright, plant, poise, posit, position, put back, put down, put in, recess, replace, repose, rest, seat, seed, set, set up, settle, settle down, ship, sign, siphon, sit, sit down, situate, snuggle, sow, space, stand, stand up, step, stick in, tee, tee up, throw, thrust, trench
参见: apply, arrange, array, assemble, bring down, communicate, defer, discharge, drop, drop off, ensnare, entrap, erect, frame, gaol, hold over, immure, imprison, incarcerate, jail, jug, lag, land, lay, lay out, pass, pass along, pass on, piece, post, postpone, prorogue, put across, put away, put back, put behind bars, put down, put off, put on, put over, put together, put up, raise, range, rear, remand, remit, replace, repose, rig, set back, set down, set out, set up, shelve, table, tack, tack together, unload
assume a posture as for artistic purposes
同义词集:
model
pose
sit
posture
We don't know the woman who posed for Leonardo so often
上位: display, exhibit, expose
下位: ramp
behave affectedly or unnaturally in order to impress others;
同义词集:
pose
posture
Don't pay any attention to him--he is always posing to impress his peers!
She postured and made a total fool of herself
上位: acquit, bear, behave, carry, comport, conduct, deport
introduce
同义词集:
present
pose
This poses an interesting question
上位: be, comprise, constitute, make up, represent
affected manners intended to impress others
同义词集:
airs
pose
don't put on airs with me
a posture assumed by models for photographic or artistic purposes
同义词集:
pose
上位: attitude, position, posture
🌳 词源
现代常用义来自表示“放置、摆出”的词源;表示感冒的古义来自与打喷嚏、喷气有关的另一词源。表示提问和使人为难的少数义项另有词源联系。
From Middle English pose, from Old English ġeposu pl (“cold in the head; catarrh”, literally “(the) sneezes; (the) snorts”), from Old English pos, ġepos (“sneeze, snort”), from Proto-West Germanic *pos, from Proto-Germanic *pusą (“sneeze, snort”), from Proto-Germanic *pusōną, *pusjaną (“to snort, blow”), from *pus- (“to blow, breathe hard”), from Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, swell”). Compare Low German pusten (“to blow, puff”), German dialectal pfausen (“to sneeze, snort”), Norwegian dialectal pysa (“to blow”).
🔄 变式
posed
past
poses
plural
posing
present
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