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play

★★★★★

🇺🇸 /plˈeɪ/

name 编号: P01671 牛津3000 BNC #224 COCA #200

play既可作动词，表示玩耍、参加比赛、演奏或播放，也可作名词，表示游戏、娱乐活动、比赛中的行动或戏剧演出。它还可引申表示行动、活动空间以及以某种方式处理事情。

💡 记忆钩子

核心概念是“让某种活动动起来”：人可以玩游戏，运动员可以参赛，演员可以表演，设备可以播放；名词则指这种活动本身、其中的一次行动或演出。

📝 学习建议

先掌握“玩耍”和“参加比赛”这两个常用动词义，再学习“演奏、播放、扮演”和各种短语义。
play music通常表示“演奏音乐”，play a video或按播放键则表示“播放”；不要把它们都理解成“玩”。
play作名词表示戏剧时，通常指剧本或戏剧演出；表示游戏时则要结合上下文判断。
play在某些语境中可表示开玩笑、轻率处理或操纵他人，不能总译成中性的“玩”。

📖 中文释义

name

rare 品牌或股票代码

📖 指美国餐饮与娱乐连锁品牌Dave & Buster's，也可指该公司的股票代码。

💡 通常直接作专有名称或股票代码使用，不必加普通名词意义上的冠词。这个用法限于商业和财经语境。

noun

core 玩耍；娱乐活动

📖 指为了娱乐而进行的活动，尤其常指儿童的玩耍；这里强调让活动自然地动起来，而不是为了完成实际任务。

💡 常用“通过玩耍学习”或“儿童的玩耍”这类搭配，通常作不可数名词。泛指活动时不要随意加冠词；若指某一种具体游戏活动，可根据上下文使用限定词。

uncountable

Children learn important social skills through play.

孩子们通过玩耍学习重要的社交技能。

The teacher gave the children time for free play.

老师给孩子们留出了自由玩耍的时间。
common 幼兽玩耍

📖 指幼小动物通过玩耍探索环境、练习动作和学习生存技能的活动。

💡 通常用于动物行为或自然观察语境，常与幼兽、探索环境和学习技能等表达搭配。一般作不可数名词使用，不用于表示一次具体游戏。

uncountable

Play helps young animals learn how to move and hunt.

玩耍能帮助幼小动物学习如何移动和捕猎。
common 比赛进程

📖 指比赛正在进行的过程和节奏，表示比赛中的活动如何展开。

💡 常用于“比赛进展缓慢或快速”等表达，通常作不可数名词。它说的是整场比赛的进程，不是某一名运动员的一次动作。

uncountable

Play slowed down after the rain began.

下雨后，比赛进程慢了下来。
common 可进行比赛的范围

📖 指球等比赛器材仍处于可以继续使用或进行比赛的范围内，也可引申指某件事仍有发挥作用的空间。

💡 最常见于“在比赛范围内”和“出界”这类固定表达，也可用于比喻语境。通常不单独用来泛指普通的活动空间。

also figuratively uncountable

The ball stayed in play after hitting the line.

球碰到边线后仍在界内，可以继续比赛。
common 比赛表现

📖 指某个人在体育比赛或游戏中的整体表现和行动水平。

💡 常用“某人的比赛表现”或“表现有所提高”等搭配，通常作不可数名词。不要把它误解为一场比赛本身；具体的一次精彩动作可用可数意义。

uncountable

Her play has improved noticeably this season.

她本赛季的比赛表现有了明显提高。
common 比赛中的一次行动

📖 指比赛中一段短暂而完整的行动，例如一次进攻、配合或得分机会。

💡 通常作可数名词，常与“精彩、聪明、关键”等形容词搭配。它指局部的一次行动，不指整场比赛。

countable

That was a brilliant play by the goalkeeper.

那是守门员的一次精彩处理。
common 轮流游戏中的一步

📖 指轮流进行的棋类、文字游戏等活动中，某个玩家在一轮里采取的一步行动。

💡 常用“轮到某人走一步”或“这是更好的走法”等表达，通常作可数名词。根据游戏规则，play可以指一个完整回合中的单步行动，不一定等于整轮。

countable uncountable

That play gave her a clear advantage in the game.

这一步让她在游戏中取得了明显优势。

It was his turn to make a play.

轮到他走一步了。
core 戏剧作品

📖 指供演员扮演角色、说出对白并在舞台上演出的文学作品。

💡 通常作可数名词，常与剧名、作者、幕数或“写作、阅读、上演”等动词搭配。它指写成的作品，不一定指实际进行的演出。

countable

The class read a short play by Shakespeare.

全班读了一部莎士比亚的短剧。

This play is divided into three acts.

这部戏剧分为三幕。
common 戏剧演出

📖 指演员在剧院或其他场所实际进行的一场戏剧表演。

💡 通常作可数名词，常与“观看、预订、上演”和演出时长等表达搭配。和s8不同，这里强调现场发生的演出，而不是写成的剧本。

countable

We saw a funny play at the local theater.

我们在当地剧院看了一场有趣的戏剧演出。
common 行动计划；争取机会

📖 指个人、公司或政治团体为实现目标而采取的一项具体行动，常带有主动争取的意味。

💡 常用“对某市场采取行动”或“提出收购计划”等搭配，通常作可数名词。这里不是“玩耍”，而是把某种计划或策略付诸行动。

countable

The company made a bold play for the overseas market.

这家公司大胆采取行动争取海外市场。
rare 油气资源区

📖 在地质和能源行业中，指可能含有石油、天然气等资源的地质构造或勘探区域。

💡 这是能源行业术语，通常与油气资源、勘探和开发等词搭配。普通谈话中一般不用这个意义。

countable
common 光影等的流动变化

📖 指光线、色彩或图案在表面上移动、变化时形成的动态效果。

💡 常用“光影的变化”或“光线在某处流动”等搭配，通常作不可数名词。这个意义多用于文学、艺术和描写性文字。

uncountable

We watched the play of light across the water.

我们看着光线在水面上流动变化。
common 活动余地

📖 指某人或某事可以自由移动、发展或发挥的空间，让想法或行动能够展开。

💡 常用“给想象力发挥空间”这类搭配，通常作不可数名词。它多为抽象用法，不是指机械部件松动的物理间隙。

uncountable

The open design gives your imagination plenty of play.

这种开放式设计给你的想象力留下了很大空间。
common 松动间隙

📖 指机械部件之间不应有或过大的自由活动空间，通常表示松动或连接不紧。

💡 常用“某部件有太大的间隙”这一结构，尤其用于车辆和机械维修语境。这里的play是可测量的松动，不是娱乐活动。

countable uncountable

The mechanic found too much play in the steering wheel.

修理工发现方向盘的松动间隙太大。
rare 性活动或性角色扮演

📖 在非正式语境中，指性活动或带有角色扮演性质的性行为。

💡 这是成人语境中的非正式用法，通常作不可数名词，并常由具体的复合词或上下文限定。正式或面向儿童的语境中不要使用这一意义。

informal uncountable
common 媒体播放或观看次数

📖 指一段视频、音频或其他媒体内容被观看或收听的一次，也可用于统计播放次数。

💡 通常作可数名词，常与数字、总次数和网络内容搭配。它强调受众观看或收听了一次，不一定强调谁主动播放了内容。

countable

The song received millions of plays online.

这首歌在网上获得了数百万次播放。
common 媒体播出一次

📖 指广播、电视或其他媒体把某段内容播放出来的一次，强调内容被播出这一行为。

💡 常用“在电台播出一次”或“获得播出机会”等搭配，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。与s16相比，这里更强调媒体主动播送，而不是听众观看或收听。

countable uncountable

The new single got its first play on the radio yesterday.

这首新单曲昨天第一次在电台播出。
common 播放按钮

📖 指设备或软件界面上按下后会开始播放音频或视频的按钮。

💡 最常见于“按播放键”这一类指令，通常作可数名词。它指界面上的控制按钮，不指播放这个动作本身。

countable

Press play when you are ready to start the lesson.

准备开始课程时，按下播放键。
common 文字游戏

📖 指利用词语的多重含义、相似声音或特殊表达制造的幽默或巧妙效果。

💡 常用“文字游戏”或“利用双关语”这类搭配，通常作可数名词。它可以是有意制造的幽默，也可以指一句话中的巧妙双关。

countable

The title contains a clever play on words.

这个标题包含一个巧妙的文字游戏。
rare 格斗或兵器技艺

📖 主要见于古旧表达或复合词中，指徒手格斗或使用兵器进行战斗的活动和技艺。

💡 这一意义带有古旧或专门色彩，通常出现在复合词中，而不单独用于现代日常会话。普通语境中谈战斗活动应选择更常用的表达。

archaic countable in-compounds uncountable usually

plays plural

verb

core 玩耍；娱乐

📖 指为了娱乐而进行活动，让活动动起来并从中获得乐趣，常用于儿童或人们轻松消遣。

💡 常见结构是play with + 玩具或人，或直接说play；表示在某处玩可用play in或play outside。它通常是不及物动词，但play a game表示参加或进行某种游戏。不要把它只理解成“玩玩具”，也可指一般性的嬉戏和娱乐。

intransitive

The children played in the park until sunset.

孩子们在公园里一直玩到日落。

I like to play with my dog after work.

我喜欢下班后和我的狗一起玩。
common 摆弄；轻率对待

📖 指把某物当作玩具一样摆弄，或对事情不认真、粗心处理。

💡 常见结构是play with + 物品、食物或想法；祈使句Don't play with...常用于提醒或责备。这个用法通常带有“不认真”或“不该这样做”的语气，不等于单纯的娱乐。

especially intransitive

Please don't play with your food at the table.

请不要在餐桌上摆弄食物。
common 参加比赛；参赛

📖 指参加某项运动、比赛或游戏，成为其中的行动者。

💡 可用play + 运动或游戏名称，也可用play for/on + 队伍；说参加某场具体比赛时常用play against + 对手。运动名称前通常不加冠词，例如play tennis。

intransitive transitive

She plays basketball for her university.

她代表自己的大学参加篮球比赛。
rare 进行格斗或比武

📖 指以武器进行练习性或真实的战斗，也可指击剑、马上比武等较特殊的对抗活动。

💡 这一用法多见于历史、文学或描述武术训练的语境，常与with weapons、at fencing等搭配。现代日常英语中通常改用fight、fence或train等更具体的动词。

intransitive
common 采取某种做法

📖 指以某种方式行动或表现，后面常接表示态度或策略的词。

💡 常见结构是play + 形容词或副词，如play safe、play fair、play dirty。这里的补语说明做事方式，不是指真正地“玩”某个东西。使用时要注意搭配固定，不能随意把任何形容词都接在play后面。

copulative intransitive

We decided to play safe and wait for more information.

我们决定稳妥行事，等更多信息。
common 装作；扮演

📖 指故意表现得像某种人，或在特定情境中充当某种角色。

💡 常见结构是play + 身份或角色，play the fool表示装傻或扮傻。这里的角色可以是戏剧角色，也可以是现实交往中的一种装扮。不要把它和play a role混为一谈，后者更明确地强调承担角色。

transitive

He was only playing the fool to make us laugh.

他只是装傻逗我们笑。
core 演奏；表演

📖 指人通过乐器、歌唱或表演来让音乐或舞台活动动起来。

💡 常见结构是play + 乐器，或play + 角色；表示参加演出也可说play in a concert。乐器前通常要加the，如play the violin，而角色前通常用play + 角色名。

especially intransitive transitive

My sister plays the violin in the school orchestra.

我姐姐在学校管弦乐团里演奏小提琴。

He will play the lead role in the new production.

他将在新剧中饰演主角。
common 发出声音；演出

📖 指乐器、录音或演出本身产生声音、画面或舞台效果。

💡 主语可以是乐器、唱片、电影或戏剧；常见结构是something plays，或something plays well/out of tune。与s7不同，这里重点是播放或演出的对象，而不是人主动演奏。

intransitive transitive

The old piano still plays beautifully.

那架旧钢琴弹奏出来的声音仍然很优美。
common 演奏某首曲子

📖 指用乐器演奏一首具体的乐曲。

💡 常见结构是play + 曲名 + on + 乐器，或play + 曲名 + on the piano等。曲名可作直接宾语，乐器通常用the。不要把它误解为泛指会使用某种乐器。

intransitive transitive usually

Can you play this song on the guitar?

你能用吉他演奏这首歌吗？
common 播放媒体内容

📖 指广播、唱机、电视或其他设备播放音乐、影片等内容。

💡 常见结构是a device plays + 内容，也可用be playing表示正在播放。主语通常是设备、广播台或媒体，不是演奏者。若强调主动让设备开始播放，常用play + 内容。

intransitive transitive usually

The café was playing soft music when we arrived.

我们到达时，咖啡馆正在播放轻柔的音乐。
common 来回移动；喷涌

📖 指某物轻快地、有方向地来回移动或喷出，强调动态过程。

💡 这一用法常用于水流、喷泉、光线或影子等，具体含义由主语决定。可用play across、play over等介词短语说明移动范围。它较书面，日常表达中常可改用move、sweep或flow。

intransitive transitive

Sunlight played across the surface of the water.

阳光在水面上来回闪动。
common 施展；使运转

📖 指把某个动作、招式或策略实际施展出来，使其发挥作用。

💡 常见结构是play + shot、move、card或strategy，表示执行或打出某个动作。它常用于体育、游戏和策略语境，宾语通常是具体的动作或手段。不要把这里的play理解成单纯参加比赛。

transitive

She played a clever shot over her opponent's head.

她打出一记巧妙的球，越过了对手的头顶。
common 处理；应对

📖 指按照某种策略处理一件事情或一个局面。

💡 常见结构是play + this/that + 副词，或play the situation carefully；副词说明处理方式。这个用法常用于复杂、紧张或需要策略的情境，语气可以正式也可以口语化。不要把它和play with混淆，后者常含摆弄或不认真对待之意。

transitive

We need to play this situation carefully.

我们需要谨慎处理这个局面。
common 投机操作；谋利

📖 指以精于算计的方式利用市场或局势来获取利润。

💡 常见结构是play the market、play the stock market，或play + 某种机会。该用法常见于商业和金融语境，暗示主动计算风险与收益。它不一定表示违法，但常带有投机或策略性意味。

transitive

Some investors play the market for quick profits.

一些投资者通过市场投机来获取快速收益。
common 得到反响；被接受

📖 指某个想法、政策或说法在特定人群中产生怎样的反响，是否容易被接受。

💡 常见结构是play well/badly with + 人群，也可说play well to + 受众。这里的play通常不译成“玩”，而是表示某事“在某人那里行得通”。形容词或副词说明接受程度和效果。

intransitive

The new design is playing well with younger customers.

年轻顾客很接受这个新设计。
common 赌博

📖 指通过下注或赌局来参与赌博活动。

💡 单独说play表示赌博时通常依靠上下文判断；更明确的表达包括play cards、play for money或play at a casino。该用法常带有风险和金钱输赢的含义，不要与普通的play a game混淆。

He used to play for money, but he quit last year.

他过去常赌钱，但去年戒掉了。
rare 遛住鱼；与鱼周旋

📖 指钓到鱼后不断控制鱼的游动，使其疲惫而最终能够收线捕获。

💡 这是钓鱼语境中的专门用法，常见结构是play a fish或play the fish before landing it。宾语通常是已经上钩的鱼。日常非钓鱼语境中不使用这个含义。

transitive
common 操纵；欺骗

📖 指利用某人的信任或情感来操纵、欺骗对方，或占对方便宜。

💡 口语中常见结构是play someone，表示“耍了某人”；被动式be played也很常见。这个用法带有明显的责备或受骗意味，正式场合可改用manipulate或deceive。不要把它理解为普通的开玩笑。

colloquial transitive

I trusted him, but he played me for a fool.

我信任他，可他却把我当傻子耍。
rare 开玩笑；说着玩

📖 指为了逗乐而说话或做事，并不打算让别人按字面认真理解。

💡 这是特定方言和口语中的用法，常见于play或play with后接说法、规则等。由于地域色彩明显，学习者在普通正式英语中宜改用joke、kid或be kidding。注意不要把这种用法推广到所有英语地区。

intransitive
rare 进行性活动

📖 指发生亲密的性行为或性活动，是较旧或委婉的表达。

💡 这一用法带有文学或委婉色彩，现代英语中并不常作为中性日常表达。通常需要依靠上下文判断，不能把一般的play误解为性含义。涉及正式或临床语境时，应使用更明确且中性的术语。

intransitive
common 见相关短语

📖 play在许多短语动词和固定搭配中会产生具体含义，例如表示附和、淡化、利用或强调等，需要结合后面的介词或副词理解。

💡 常见结构包括play along、play down、play off、play on、play out和play up等；后面的词不可随意替换。查词或学习时应把整个短语作为一个单位记忆，而不要只按play本身的基本义猜测。

She played down the problem so that nobody would worry.

她淡化了这个问题，好让大家不用担心。

plays present,singular,third-person playing participle,present played participle,past played past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 52 组

engage in an activity as if it were a game rather than take it seriously; ; ;

同义词集: play toy

They played games on their opponents

play the stock market

play with her feelings

toy with an idea

上位: act, behave, do

pretend to have certain qualities or state of mind;

同义词集: act play act as

He acted the idiot

She plays deaf when the news are bad

上位: act, behave, do

the act using a sword (or other weapon) vigorously and skillfully

同义词集: play swordplay

上位: action 下位: fencing

exhaust by allowing to pull on the line

同义词集: play

play a hooked fish

上位: beat, exhaust, tucker, tucker out, wash up

the act of playing for stakes in the hope of winning (including the payment of a price for a chance to win a prize);

同义词集: gambling gaming play

his gambling cost him a fortune

there was heavy play at the blackjack table

上位: diversion, recreation, vice 下位: bet, throw, wager

activity by children that is guided more by imagination than by fixed rules

同义词集: play child's play

Freud believed in the utility of play to a small child

上位: diversion, recreation 下位: doctor, fireman, house

(game) the activity of doing something in an agreed succession;

同义词集: turn play

it is my turn

it is still my play

上位: activity 下位: at-bat, attack, bat, down, innings, lead, move, ruff, start, starting, trick, trumping

gay or light-hearted recreational activity for diversion or amusement;

同义词集: play frolic romp gambol caper

it was all done in play

their frolic in the surf threatened to become ugly

上位: diversion, recreation 下位: coquetry, craziness, dalliance, flirt, flirtation, flirting, folly, foolery, game, indulgence, lunacy, teasing, tomfoolery, toying

a deliberate coordinated movement requiring dexterity and skill;

同义词集: maneuver manoeuvre play

he made a great maneuver

the runner was out on a play by the shortstop

上位: motion, move, movement 下位: assist, blitz, completion, figure, footwork, icing, icing the puck, linebacker blitzing, obstruction, pass completion, safety blitz, shot, stroke, takeaway

a preset plan of action in team sports

同义词集: play

the coach drew up the plays for her team

consider not very seriously;

同义词集: dally trifle play

He is trifling with her

She plays with the thought of moving to Tasmania

上位: consider, deal, look at, take

an attempt to get something;

同义词集: bid play

they made a futile play for power

he made a bid to gain attention

上位: attempt, effort, endeavor, endeavour, try

utilization or exercise

同义词集: play

the play of the imagination

上位: employment, exercise, usage, use, utilisation, utilization

participate in games or sport; ;

同义词集: play

We played hockey all afternoon

play cards

Pele played for the Brazilian teams in many important matches

上位: compete, contend, vie 下位: ace, bid, bowl, call, catch, complete, cradle, cricket, curl, develop, die, exit, field, foul, fullback, fumble, gamble, golf, nail, putt, quarterback, replay, revoke, snooker, start, volley, walk

contend against an opponent in a sport, game, or battle;

同义词集: meet encounter play take on

Princeton plays Yale this weekend

Charlie likes to play Mary

下位: confront, face, replay

employ in a game or in a specific position

同义词集: play

They played him on first base

上位: apply, employ, use, utilise, utilize

use or move

同义词集: play

I had to play my queen

上位: apply, employ, use, utilise, utilize 下位: promote

shoot or hit in a particular manner

同义词集: play

She played a good backhand last night

上位: hit 下位: hook

bet or wager (money);

同义词集: play

He played $20 on the new horse

She plays the races

上位: gamble

put (a card or piece) into play during a game, or act strategically as if in a card game;

同义词集: play

He is playing his cards close to his chest

The Democrats still have some cards to play before they will concede the electoral victory

上位: deploy 下位: cover, declare, pitch

stake on the outcome of an issue;

同义词集: bet wager play

I bet $100 on that new horse

She played all her money on the dark horse

上位: gamble 下位: back, bet on, gage, game, punt, raise, see, stake

make bets;

同义词集: play

Play the races

play the casinos in Trouville

上位: bet, wager

use to one's advantage

同义词集: play

She plays on her clients' emotions

上位: exploit, work

discharge or direct or be discharged or directed as if in a continuous stream;

同义词集: play

play water from a hose

The fountains played all day

上位: discharge

manipulate manually or in one's mind or imagination; ;

同义词集: toy fiddle diddle play

She played nervously with her wedding ring

Don't fiddle with the screws

He played with the idea of running for the Senate

上位: manipulate 下位: put out, retire 参见: entertain, flirt with, think about, think of, toy with

cause to happen or to occur as a consequence; ; ; ;

同义词集: bring work play wreak make for

I cannot work a miracle

wreak havoc

bring comments

play a joke

The rain brought relief to the drought-stricken area

上位: create, make 参见: arouse, bring off, bring on, bring up, call down, call forth, carry off, conjure, conjure up, evoke, induce, invoke, manage, negociate, pull off, put forward, raise, stir

perform on a certain location;

同义词集: play

The prodigy played Carnegie Hall at the age of 16

She has been playing on Broadway for years

上位: perform

be performed or presented for public viewing;

同义词集: play

What's playing in the local movie theater?

`Cats' has been playing on Broadway for many years

下位: debut

cause to emit recorded audio or video; ;

同义词集: play run

They ran the tapes over and over again

I'll play you my favorite record

He never tires of playing that video

emit recorded sound;

同义词集: play

The tape was playing for hours

the stereo was playing Beethoven when I entered

上位: sound

play a role or part; ;

同义词集: act play represent

Gielgud played Hamlet

She wants to act Lady Macbeth, but she is too young for the role

She played the servant to her husband's master

上位: re-create 下位: act out, enact, impersonate, make, make believe, parody, portray, pretend, reenact, support

perform on a stage or theater; ;

同义词集: act play roleplay playact

She acts in this play

He acted in `Julius Caesar'

I played in `A Christmas Carol'

上位: perform 下位: ham, ham it up, mime, overact, overplay, pantomime

pretend to be somebody in the framework of a game or playful activity;

同义词集: play

Let's play like I am mommy

Play cowboy and Indians

上位: assume, feign, sham, simulate

replay (as a melody);

同义词集: play spiel

Play it again, Sam

She played the third movement very beautifully

上位: re-create 下位: bugle, fiddle, jazz, modulate, prelude, rag, recapitulate, repeat, replay, reprise, reprize, riff, slur, tongue

play on an instrument

同义词集: play

The band played all night long

上位: perform 下位: accompany, bow, follow, play along, swing

perform music on (a musical instrument);

同义词集: play

He plays the flute

Can you play on this old recorder?

上位: sound 下位: beat, chord, clarion, drum, fiddle, harp, pipe, register, trumpet

move or seem to move quickly, lightly, or irregularly

同义词集: play

The spotlights played on the politicians

上位: go, locomote, move, travel

cause to move or operate freely within a bounded space

同义词集: play

The engine has a wheel that is playing in a rack

上位: displace, move

act or have an effect in a specified way or with a specific effect or outcome; ;

同义词集: play

This factor played only a minor part in his decision

This development played into her hands

I played no role in your dismissal

上位: act, move

engage in recreational activities rather than work; occupy oneself in a diversion;

同义词集: play recreate

On weekends I play

The students all recreate alike

be at play; be engaged in playful activity; amuse oneself in a way characteristic of children;

同义词集: play

The kids were playing outside all day

I used to play with trucks as a little girl

上位: act 下位: arse around, cavort, dabble, disport, fool, fool around, frisk, frolic, gambol, horse around, lark, lark about, paddle, rollick, romp, run around, skylark, splash around, sport

behave carelessly or indifferently

同义词集: dally toy play flirt

Play about with a young girl's affection

上位: act, move

behave in a certain way; ;

同义词集: play

play safe

play it safe

play fair

上位: act, move

be received or accepted or interpreted in a specific way;

同义词集: play

This speech didn't play well with the American public

His remarks played to the suspicions of the committee

movement or space for movement

同义词集: looseness play

there was too much play in the steering wheel

反义: tautness, tightness 下位: slack, slackness

verbal wit or mockery (often at another's expense but not to be taken seriously);

同义词集: fun play sport

he became a figure of fun

he said it in sport

上位: humor, humour, wit, witticism, wittiness 下位: clowning, comedy, drollery, funniness, paronomasia, pun, punning, wordplay

a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

同义词集: play drama dramatic play

he wrote several plays but only one was produced on Broadway

a theatrical performance of a drama

同义词集: play

the play lasted two hours

上位: show 下位: musical, musical comedy, musical theater

a weak and tremulous light;

同义词集: shimmer play

the shimmer of colors on iridescent feathers

the play of light on the water

上位: alteration, change, modification

the removal of constraints;

同义词集: free rein play

he gave free rein to his impulses

they gave full play to the artist's talent

上位: freedom

a state in which action is feasible;

同义词集: play

the ball was still in play

insiders said the company's stock was in play

上位: action, activeness, activity

(in games or plays or other performances) the time during which play proceeds

同义词集: playing period period of play play

rain stopped play in the 4th inning

上位: amount, measure, quantity 下位: golf hole, hole, set

🌳 词源

名词和动词都源自中古英语，进一步可追溯到古英语中表示“玩耍、活动、运动”等意义的词；其更早词源尚不确定。

Proto-West Germanic *plehan Old English pleġan Proto-West Germanic *plegō Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ti Proto-Germanic *-ōną Proto-West Germanic *-ōn Proto-West Germanic *plegōn Old English plegian Middle English pleyen Proto-West Germanic *plegō Old English plega Middle English pleye English play From Middle English pleyen (verb) and Middle English pleye (noun), from Old English plegian and plegan, plagian (“to play, exercise, etc.”), from Proto-West Germanic *plehan (“to care about, be concerned with”) and Proto-West Germanic *plegōn (“to engage, move”), of uncertain origin. cognates and related terms Cognate with Scots play (“to act or move briskly, cause to move, stir”), Saterland Frisian pleegje (“to look after, care for, maintain”), West Frisian pleegje, pliigje (“to commit, perform, bedrive”), Middle Dutch pleyen ("to dance, leap for joy, rejoice, be glad"; compare Modern Dutch pleien (“to play a particular children's game”)), Dutch plegen (“to commit, bedrive, practice”), German pflegen (“to care for, be concerned with, attend to, tend”). Related also to Old English plēon (“to risk, endanger”). More at plight, pledge. The noun is from Middle English pleye, from Old English plæġ, plega, plæġa (“play, quick motion, movement, exercise; (athletic) sport, game; festivity, drama; battle; gear for games, an implement for a game; clapping with the hands, applause”), deverbative of plegian (“to play”); see above.

🔄 变式

played past playing present plays plural

🏷 单词标签 & 词根