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picture

★★★★
🇺🇸 /pˈɪktʃɚ/ 🇬🇧 /ˈpɪk.t͡ʃə/
noun 编号: P01317 牛津3000 BNC #626 COCA #562
picture的核心意思是“图像或画面”：可以指画、照片等具体图像，也可以指脑海中的想象；作动词时表示把某物画出来、想象出来或生动地描述出来。
💡 记忆钩子
把picture记成“在脑中或表面形成一幅画面”：画在纸上是图画，拍下来是照片，闭眼想象也是一幅画面；picture作动词就是“把画面呈现出来”，既可以画出来，也可以想象或生动描述出来。由此还引申出“某种典型形象”“美丽景象”和“整体情况”等意思。
📝 学习建议
  • 先掌握名词“图片、照片”和动词“想象”这几个高频意思，再学习“电影”“典型形象”等引申义。
  • picture不只指绘画，也常指照片；看到“take a picture”时通常应理解为“拍照”，而不是“画画”。
  • 动词picture通常不是“拍照”的意思，而是“想象、描绘或生动描述”；“拍照”要用take a picture或photograph。
📖 中文释义
noun
  • core 图像；图画
    📖 指画在纸、画布等表面上的图像，也包括通过印刷、摄影等方式形成的视觉再现；它是“图像”这个核心意思的最宽泛用法。
    💡 常用“a picture of + 人或物”表示“某人或某物的图像”。它可以泛指各种视觉图像，不一定是手绘的；如果明确是照片，通常更自然地说photograph或photo。
    The child drew a picture of the family.
    孩子画了一幅全家人的画。
    There is a picture of a mountain on the wall.
    墙上有一幅山的图像。
  • common 脑海中的图像
    📖 指人在想象中形成的画面，不一定真的画在纸上；它仍然保留了“脑中有一幅图”的核心概念。
    💡 常见于“make pictures in one’s mind”或“have a picture of...”等搭配。此义强调想象中的画面，不要误解成已经存在的实物照片或图画。
    When I read the story, I formed a clear picture in my mind.
    我读这个故事时，脑海中形成了清晰的画面。
  • common 绘画；画作
    📖 特指一幅绘画作品，通常是在墙上、画廊里或家中悬挂的画。
    💡 可用“a picture by + 艺术家”表示某位艺术家的画，也常说“hang a picture”表示挂画。上下文若谈画廊、画框或颜料，picture往往优先理解为“画作”而不是照片。
    They bought a picture for the living room.
    他们为客厅买了一幅画。
  • core 照片
    📖 指用相机或手机拍下的照片。这是日常英语中picture非常常见的意思。
    💡 表示“拍一张照片”常用“take a picture”，表示“给某人拍照”可说“take a picture of someone”。在日常口语中picture很自然；photo更明确地强调照片这一形式。
    Can you take a picture of us?
    你能给我们拍张照片吗？
    I found an old picture of my grandparents.
    我找到了一张祖父母的老照片。
  • rare 电影
    📖 指一部电影，是moving picture的简略说法；这种用法主要见于特定地区或较旧的表达。
    💡 现代英语中通常说film或movie；单独说picture表示电影会显得过时或带地区色彩。不要把普通的“a picture”默认理解为电影。
    India dated
  • rare 电影院；看电影
    📖 the pictures是旧式或非正式的复数表达，指电影院或去看电影这项娱乐活动。
    💡 通常只在固定短语“go to the pictures”中出现，现代普通英语更常说go to the cinema或go to the movies。不能按普通复数名词逐字理解成“几张图片”。
    in-plural informal
  • common 典型；完美范例
    📖 指某人或某物完全体现了某种特征，好像一幅把这种特征展示得很清楚的“图画”。
    💡 常用“the very picture of + 名词”或“a picture of + 形容词所描述的品质”。这是比喻用法，后面通常接health、happiness等抽象特征，不是指真实照片。
    After the holiday, she was the very picture of health.
    度假回来后，她简直就是健康的典范。
  • common 美丽景象
    📖 指某个景色或场面美得像一幅画，常用于赞美自然景观、花园或整洁的场景。
    💡 常用“be a real picture”或“look a picture”来赞美外观。这里picture通常作表语或补语，表达审美评价，不是说那个地方真的有一张图。
    The village is a picture in spring.
    这个村庄在春天美得像一幅画。
  • rare 绘画艺术
    📖 指用绘画来表现事物的艺术或方法，是picture表示“图画”时进一步抽象出的艺术概念。
    💡 这是较书面、较旧的抽象用法，现代英语通常用painting或the art of painting表达。不要把它和表示一幅具体画作的可数用法混淆。
  • rare 人物形象；模型
    📖 指某人的形象、肖像或作为范本的模型，强调被塑造或呈现出来的外形。
    💡 这种用法多见于历史或文学语境，现代英语中通常用figure、portrait或model。需要根据上下文判断它指的是肖像、塑像还是模型。
  • common 整体情况
    📖 指把许多事实放在一起看后得到的整体局面，好像一幅展示现状的“图景”。
    💡 常用“the economic picture”“the employment picture”等“the + 领域 + picture”结构。它表示某领域的总体状况，不是具体的一张图；也常出现在新闻和分析文章中。
    The economic picture is improving slowly.
    经济形势正在慢慢好转。
  • rare 毒品样品
    📖 在特定城市俚语中，picture可以指一小份非法毒品样品；这是边缘性的地区用法。
    💡 只在特定俚语语境中使用，普通英语学习者不应主动套用。日常语境中picture通常仍是“图片”或“照片”，需要依靠上下文辨认这个特殊义项。
    Multicultural-London-English
  • rare 编程格式字符串
    📖 在COBOL中，picture是规定数据格式的格式字符串，属于专门的编程术语。
    💡 只在COBOL技术文档中使用，通常与picture clause或picture string等固定术语连用。这个义项和日常的“图像”没有实际使用上的联系。
pictures plural
verb
  • common 画出；用图表现
    📖 指用图画或其他视觉方式把某人、某物呈现出来，也就是把对象变成一幅可见的画面。
    💡 常用“picture + 名词”表示“把某人或某物画出来、表现出来”。这个及物用法通常需要直接宾语，不能照搬汉语说成不带宾语的“picture一下”。
    transitive
    The artist pictured the hero standing on a hill.
    画家画出了站在山上的英雄形象。
  • core 想象；设想
    📖 指在脑海中形成某个画面，也就是把某种人、地方或未来情景想象出来。
    💡 常用“picture + 名词”或“picture yourself + doing...”来引导想象。它比imagine更有“在脑中看见画面”的感觉，但两者在许多日常句子中可以互换。
    transitive
    Picture yourself walking along a quiet beach.
    想象一下自己走在安静的海滩上。
    I can picture him living in a small village.
    我能想象出他住在一个小村庄里的样子。
  • common 生动描绘；描述
    📖 指用语言把人物、情景或未来结果说得像一幅画一样具体，让听者能够清楚地想象出来。
    💡 常用“picture + 人或事物 + as...”或“picture + 人或事物 + doing...”来描述其形象或处境。这个义项强调描写效果，不一定真的画图；正式写作中也可译为“描绘”。
    transitive
    The article pictures the city as a place full of possibilities.
    这篇文章把这座城市描绘成一个充满可能性的地方。
pictures present,singular,third-person picturing participle,present pictured participle,past pictured past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 12 组
imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind; ;
同义词集: visualize visualise envision project fancy see figure picture image
I can't see him on horseback!
I can see what will happen
I can see a risk in this strategy
上位: conceive of, envisage, ideate, imagine
show in, or as in, a picture;
同义词集: picture depict render show
This scene depicts country life
the face of the child is rendered with much tenderness in this painting
上位: interpret, represent 下位: illustrate, map
graphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface; ;
同义词集: painting picture
a small painting by Picasso
he bought the painting as an investment
his pictures hang in the Louvre
下位: abstraction, finger-painting, icon, ikon, illumination, landscape, miniature, monochrome, mural, nude, nude painting, wall painting, water-color, water-colour, watercolor, watercolour
a representation of a person or scene in the form of a print or transparent slide or in digital format
同义词集: photograph photo exposure picture pic
上位: representation 下位: arial mosaic, black and white, blowup, blueprint, cheesecake, enlargement, frame, glossy, headshot, hologram, holograph, magnification, monochrome, mosaic, photographic print, photomosaic, print, scene, shot, snap, snapshot, stereo, stereoscopic photograph, stereoscopic picture, still
a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface;
同义词集: picture image icon ikon
they showed us the pictures of their wedding
a movie is a series of images projected so rapidly that the eye integrates them
上位: representation 下位: cat scan, collage, computer graphic, cyclorama, diorama, foil, graphic, iconography, inset, likeness, montage, panorama, reflection, reflexion, scan, semblance, transparency
a typical example of some state or quality;
同义词集: picture
the very picture of a modern general
she was the picture of despair
a clear and telling mental image; ;
同义词集: mental picture picture impression
he described his mental picture of his assailant
he had no clear picture of himself or his world
the events left a permanent impression in his mind
上位: image, mental image
the visible part of a television transmission
同义词集: video picture
they could still receive the sound but the picture was gone
a form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement;
同义词集: movie film picture moving picture moving-picture show motion picture motion-picture show picture show pic flick
they went to a movie every Saturday night
the film was shot on location
上位: product, production, show 下位: docudrama, documentary, documentary film, feature, feature film, infotainment, musical, musical comedy, musical theater, talkie, talking picture
illustrations used to decorate or explain a text
同义词集: picture pictorial matter
the dictionary had many pictures
上位: illustration
a graphic or vivid verbal description; ;
同义词集: word picture word-painting delineation depiction picture characterization characterisation
too often the narrative was interrupted by long word pictures
the author gives a depressing picture of life in Poland
the pamphlet contained brief characterizations of famous Vermonters
上位: description, verbal description 下位: epithet, portrait, portraiture, portrayal
a situation treated as an observable object;
同义词集: picture scene
the political picture is favorable
the religious scene in England has changed in the last century
上位: situation, state of affairs
🌳 词源
来自中古英语和古法语，最终源自拉丁语，和“绘画、描画”有关。
Inherited from Middle English picture, from Latin pictūra (“the art of painting, a painting”), from pingō (“to paint”). Doublet of pictura.
🔄 变式
pictured past pictures plural picturing present
🏷 单词标签 & 词根
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