performance

performance 主要表示“做成某事的表现或成果”，也常指公开演出，以及工作、设备等完成任务的效率。

💡 记忆钩子

把 performance 想成“把事情真正做出来”：事情被执行并取得成果，是一种表现；如果是在台上做出来，就是演出；如果看完成多少工作、花多少时间和资源，就是效率表现。

📝 学习建议

不要只把 performance 理解成“表演”；在工作、学习、产品和体育语境中，它更常指表现、成绩或效率。
学习时可先掌握“表现或成果”这一核心，再区分“演出”和“性能、效率”等具体语境。

📖 中文释义

noun

core 执行；表现

📖 指把任务、职责或计划真正执行出来的过程，也可强调执行时呈现出的表现。它连接着“把事情做出来”这一核心概念。

💡 常用结构是 “the performance of + 任务、职责或动作”，也可说 “performance in + 活动或领域”。这里通常不是指舞台表演；表示执行某项任务时，中文学习者容易误选表示单纯“行为”的词，而忽略“完成并呈现结果”的意味。

countable uncountable

The performance of her duties requires great attention to detail.

履行她的职责需要非常注意细节。

The manager praised the team's performance during the project.

经理表扬了团队在项目期间的表现。
common 成果；成就

📖 指已经做成的事情、取得的成果或值得评价的行动，重点在“做出了什么”，而不只是执行过程。

💡 常见搭配是 “a remarkable performance” 和 “an outstanding performance”，可用于工作、考试、比赛等场合。说某人的表现时，通常用 “performance” 而不是把它误解为一次正式的舞台演出。

countable uncountable

Her excellent performance earned her a place on the national team.

她出色的表现为她赢得了进入国家队的机会。
core 现场演出

📖 指演员、乐队或其他表演者在观众面前进行的一场现场演出。它仍然是“把某件事做出来”，只是场景变成了舞台或现场。

💡 常用结构是 “a performance by + 表演者”、 “give a performance” 或 “during the performance”。指一场具体演出时通常用可数形式；不要把它和电影、录音等不一定现场发生的作品混为一谈。

countable uncountable

We bought tickets for the band's performance on Saturday.

我们买了周六那支乐队演出的票。

The audience gave the dancers a standing ovation after the performance.

演出结束后，观众起立为舞者鼓掌喝彩。
common 工作效率；性能

📖 指在一定时间和资源下完成多少有用工作，或设备、系统完成任务的效率和能力。核心仍是“做出来多少、做得多好”。

💡 常见结构是 “improve performance”、 “high performance” 和 “performance of the system”。在设备或软件语境中可译为“性能”，在工作或组织语境中常译为“表现、效率”；不要只根据词形把它理解成舞台表演。

countable uncountable

Updating the software improved the computer's performance.

更新软件提高了这台电脑的性能。
rare 语言实际运用

📖 语言学术语，指说话者在具体情境中实际使用语言的情况，与头脑中掌握的语言知识相对。

💡 通常出现在 “linguistic performance” 这一术语中，属于学术语境。它不是泛指“说得好不好”，而是和语言能力这一理论概念作区分。

countable uncountable

performances plural

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 5 组

any recognized accomplishment;

同义词集: performance

they admired his performance under stress

when Roger Maris powered four home runs in one game his performance merits awe

上位: accomplishment, achievement

the act of performing; of doing something successfully; using knowledge as distinguished from merely possessing it;

同义词集: performance execution carrying out carrying into action

they criticised his performance as mayor

experience generally improves performance

上位: action 下位: mechanics, mechanism

the act of presenting a play or a piece of music or other entertainment;

同义词集: performance

we congratulated him on his performance at the rehearsal

an inspired performance of Mozart's C minor concerto

上位: demonstration, presentation, presentment 下位: conjuration, conjuring trick, deception, encore, extemporisation, extemporization, illusion, improvisation, interpretation, juggle, juggling, legerdemain, magic, magic trick, program, programme, rendering, rendition, thaumaturgy, trick

a dramatic or musical entertainment; ;

同义词集: performance public presentation

they listened to ten different performances

the play ran for 100 performances

the frequent performances of the symphony testify to its popularity

上位: show 下位: act, benefit, bit, concert, histrionics, number, premiere, recital, rendering, rendition, representation, routine, spectacular, theatrical, theatrical performance, turn

process or manner of functioning or operating; ; ;

同义词集: operation functioning performance

the power of its engine determines its operation

the plane's operation in high winds

they compared the cooking performance of each oven

the jet's performance conformed to high standards

上位: physical process, process

🌳 词源

源自中古英语 parfourmaunce，相当于 perform 加后缀 -ance，核心都与“完成、实行”有关。

From Middle English parfourmaunce; equivalent to perform + -ance.

🔄 变式

performances plural

🏷 单词标签 & 词根