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opening
★★★
🇺🇸 /ˈoʊpʌnɪŋ/
🇬🇧 /ˈəʊ.pə.nɪŋ/
opening 主要表示“开始、开端”或“打开后形成的入口”，也可指职位空缺和行动机会；它还可以作形容词表示“开头的”，以及作动词 open 的现在分词或动名词。
💡 记忆钩子
把一扇门打开：门被打开的动作是 opening，门上出现的通道是 opening，事情由此开始也是 opening；因此它还能引申为职位留下的空缺和竞争中出现的机会。作形容词时，就是“处在开头的”；作动词形式时，则表示“正在打开”或“打开这件事”。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“开头、入口、机会”这条主线，再记“职位空缺”等引申义。
- 不要把 opening 只理解成“打开的动作”；在求职语境中常指“空缺职位”，在比赛或谈判中常指“可乘之机”。
📖 中文释义
adj
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core 开头的；开场的📖 指一系列事件、作品或活动中最先出现的部分，也就是“打开整件事的那一段”。💡 通常用在名词前，表示“开头的、开场的”，如 opening scene 或 opening remarks。不要把它理解成“开放的”；表示“处于开放状态”通常用 open。它通常不作表语，也不用于比较级。not-comparableThe opening scene sets the mood for the whole film.开场场景定下了整部电影的基调。The orchestra played the opening theme before the curtain rose.幕布升起前，管弦乐队演奏了开场主题。
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rare 板球开局阶段的📖 在板球中，指比赛最初的一段，通常直到第一名击球员出局。💡 主要出现在板球报道中，常放在 period、overs 等表示比赛阶段的名词前。离开板球语境时，不要用它泛指所有比赛的“第一局”。not-comparable
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rare 板球开局球员的📖 在板球中，指负责开局击球或开局投球的球员。💡 通常放在 batsman、bowler 等球员名词前，只用于板球报道。不要根据字面把它理解成普通比赛中的“首发球员”。not-comparable
noun
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core 打开；开放📖 指使某物打开，或某物从关闭状态变为打开状态这一动作或过程。💡 常用“the opening of + 名词”说明什么被打开，也可用 possessive 加 opening 表示某物的开启。这里强调动作或过程，不只是打开后形成的洞口。不要和 entrance 混淆，后者通常指可供进入的入口本身。The opening of the museum's new wing attracted a large crowd.博物馆新馆的开放吸引了大批人群。The automatic opening of the doors made the station easier to enter.车门自动打开后，进站方便多了。
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core 开口；入口；空隙📖 指墙、岩石、容器等处能让人或物通过的空隙，也就是打开后留下的通道。💡 常说 an opening in + 物体，表示某物上的开口或裂隙，也可说 an opening through + 地点。它可以是自然形成的，也可以是人为留下的。不要把所有表示“门口”的场合都换成 opening；正式入口通常用 entrance。A small bird flew through an opening in the roof.一只小鸟从屋顶的一个开口飞了进去。Light came in through the narrow opening under the door.光线从门下狭窄的缝隙中照了进来。
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core 开始；开幕📖 指活动、营业、演出或某段过程开始这一事实；它把“打开”引申为把事情启动起来。💡 常用“the opening of + 活动或场所”表示开幕、开业或开始，也可说 opening day 或 opening night。它强调开始这个时间点或事件，不等于整个活动本身。谈论一般性的“开始”时，beginning 往往更宽泛。The opening of the new library was celebrated with a concert.新图书馆的开幕活动以一场音乐会庆祝。Tickets sold out on the opening night of the play.这部戏首演之夜的票很快就卖光了。
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common 开场活动；开业场合📖 指某项活动、展览、商店或演出的首次开始，或为此举行的开场场合。💡 常用 an opening、the opening of an exhibition 或 opening night，具体指首次亮相的场合。它常带有公众参加或正式启动的意味。不要把它误解为普通流程中的每一次开始。We went to the gallery's opening on Friday evening.我们周五晚上去了画廊的开幕活动。
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common 职位空缺📖 指组织、公司或机构中暂时没有人担任的职位，就像人员安排中留下了一个空位。💡 求职语境中常说 an opening for + 职位或人选，也可说 job opening。它指可申请的职位空缺，不是“开门时间”。谈论普通的空位时，vacancy 有时更正式。The company has an opening for a senior designer.这家公司有一个高级设计师的职位空缺。
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common 机会；可乘之机📖 指竞争、谈判或行动中突然出现的有利空隙，可以让某人推进计划或取得优势。💡 常用 find、create、give someone an opening 等搭配，也可说 an opening in the defense。这里通常指短暂的机会，不一定是正式安排好的可能性。不要只译成“开端”，要看上下文是否涉及抓住机会或突破防守。The goalkeeper's mistake gave us an opening to score.守门员的失误给了我们一个得分的机会。
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rare 形态学开运算📖 在数学形态学中，指先对集合做腐蚀、再做膨胀得到的运算结果；它仍可看作对形状进行“打开”处理。💡 只用于数学形态学和图像处理等技术文本，通常与 erosion、dilation 等术语一起出现。日常语境中的 opening 不表示这一专门运算。
openings
plural
verb
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common 正在打开；打开这件事📖 这是 open 的现在分词或动名词形式：表示动作正在进行，或把“打开”当作一件事情来谈。💡 进行时中用“be + opening”，如 The shop is opening；作动名词时可放在句首或介词后，如 Opening the window helped。不要把它和 opened 混用，前者强调进行或动作本身，后者通常表示已打开或被打开。form-of gerund participle presentShe is opening the window to let in some fresh air.她正在打开窗户，让新鲜空气进来。
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 14 组
the first of a series of actions
同义词集:
first step
initiative
opening move
opening
上位: beginning, commencement, start
the act of opening something
同义词集:
opening
the ray of light revealed his cautious opening of the door
反义: closing, shutting
上位: motility, motion, move, movement
becoming open or being made open
同义词集:
opening
the opening of his arms was the sign I was waiting for
下位: cut, cutting
a recognized sequence of moves at the beginning of a game of chess
同义词集:
opening
chess opening
he memorized all the important chess openings
上位: sequence, succession
first or beginning;
同义词集:
opening
the memorable opening bars of Beethoven's Fifth
the play's opening scene
反义: closing
近似: beginning(a), first, inaugural, initiative, initiatory, introductory, maiden, starting
an entrance equipped with a hatch; especially a passageway between decks of a ship
同义词集:
hatchway
opening
scuttle
上位: entrance, entranceway, entree, entry, entryway
a vacant or unobstructed space that is man-made
同义词集:
opening
they left a small opening for the cat at the bottom of the door
上位: artefact, artifact
下位: aperture, bell, breech, crack, embrasure, exit, fly, fly front, gap, grille, gun muzzle, hole, inlet, intake, issue, lattice, mouth, muzzle, neck, neck opening, outlet, port, porthole, rear of barrel, rear of tube, slit, spout, throat, way out, wicket, window
an aperture or hole that opens into a bodily cavity
同义词集:
orifice
opening
porta
the orifice into the aorta from the lower left chamber of the heart
上位: passage, passageway
下位: anus, cervix, cervix uteri, mouth, os, uterine cervix, vent
a possible alternative
同义词集:
possibility
possible action
opening
bankruptcy is always a possibility
上位: alternative, choice, option
下位: possible
the initial part of the introduction
同义词集:
opening
the opening established the basic theme
上位: introduction
下位: teaser
the first performance (as of a theatrical production)
同义词集:
opening
opening night
curtain raising
the opening received good critical reviews
上位: start
a ceremony accompanying the start of some enterprise
同义词集:
opening
上位: ceremonial, ceremonial occasion, ceremony, observance
an open or empty space in or between things;
同义词集:
opening
gap
there was a small opening between the trees
the explosion made a gap in the wall
上位: space
下位: breach, chasm, cleft, crack, crevice, fissure, foramen, hiatus, hole, mouth, pocket, rent, rift, rip, scissure, snag, split, tear, window
opportunity especially for employment or promotion
同义词集:
opening
there is an opening in the sales department
上位: chance, opportunity
🌳 词源
形容词和动词形式来自表示“打开”的词根加后缀 -ing；名词来自表示“打开处、开始”的古英语词。
From Middle English openyng, openynge, openunge, from Old English openung (“an opening”), from Proto-West Germanic *opanungu, from Proto-Germanic *upanungō (“an opening”), equivalent to open + -ing. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Eepenge, Epenge (“an opening”), West Frisian iepening (“an opening”), Dutch opening (“an opening”), German Öffnung (“an opening”), Danish åbning (“an opening”), Swedish öppning (“an opening”).
🔄 变式
openings
plural
🏷 单词标签 & 词根