onerous

形容事情或负担沉重、费力，令人难以承担。

💡 记忆钩子

核心画面是肩上压着一件沉重的东西：事情、责任或手续一旦重到需要费很大力气才能承担，就可以说是 onerous；它既可以指实际负担，也常指精神、经济或制度上的沉重负担。

📖 中文释义

adj

core 沉重难担的

📖 指某项任务、责任、费用或要求重得让人必须付出很大努力才能承担，既可说身体上的负担，也可说精神、经济或制度上的负担。

💡 常用搭配是 “an onerous burden/task/responsibility” 或 “onerous conditions”，强调负担本身难以承受，而不只是事情困难。这个形容词较正式，常见于书面语、新闻和政策讨论；在普通对话中可换成 difficult 或 burdensome。不要把它只用于体力劳动，也不要把它当作“有义务的”或“昂贵的”来理解。

The new reporting rules place an onerous burden on small businesses.

新的报告规定给小企业带来了沉重的负担。

Caring for three elderly relatives became an onerous responsibility.

照顾三位年长亲属变成了一项沉重的责任。

more onerous comparative most onerous superlative

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 1 组

not easily borne; wearing; ;

同义词集: burdensome onerous taxing

the burdensome task of preparing the income tax return

my duties weren't onerous; I only had to greet the guests

a taxing schedule

近似: heavy

🌳 词源

源自拉丁语 onus“负担、重物”，经法语和中古英语演变而来；可与 exonerate“免除负担”联系记忆。

Proto-Indo-European *h₃enh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *h₃énh₂os Proto-Italic *onos Latin onus Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.? Proto-Italic *-ŏ̄dsos? Old Latin -ōssus Latin -ōsus Latin onerosuslbor. Old French onereus Middle French onereuxbor. Middle English onerous English onerous Inherited from Middle English onerous, borrowed from Middle French onereux, from Old French onereus, a learned borrowing from Latin onerosus, from onus (“burden”) + -ōsus. Compare exonerate.

🔄 变式

more onerous compar most onerous superl

🏷 单词标签 & 词根