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mould
★★
🇺🇸 /mˈoʊld/
🇬🇧 /məʊld/
mould 是英语中的多义词:既可指塑造形状的模具、霉菌、松软的土壤或头顶,也可作动词表示塑形或使东西发霉;它还是一个英语姓氏。
💡 记忆钩子
可以先抓住“形状和软质表面”这条主线:模具把材料塑成形状,动词 mould 就是“塑形”;另一条分支是软湿表面上长出的霉菌,以及表示松软土地的 mould。指头顶的 mould 和姓氏 Mould 则是同形但不同来源的独立用法。
📝 学习建议
- 先记住英式拼写 mould 与另一种常见拼写的对应关系,再按“模具/塑形”和“霉菌/发霉”两组学习。
- 不要把表示霉菌的 mould 误解成普通的污渍;也不要把表示土壤的 mould 与表示模具的 mould 混为一谈。
📖 中文释义
name
-
common 姓氏📖 Mould 是英语姓氏,和普通名词 mould 的几个意思没有必然关系。💡 作人名时使用专名格式,首字母通常大写 Mould。它可以出现在姓名、地址或人物介绍中,不要给它加普通名词的复数或冠词用法。Ms Mould will speak at the meeting.莫尔德女士将在会上发言。
Moulds
plural
noun
-
core 模具📖 mould 是把液体、软材料或混合物限制在一定形状中的模具;它先固定外形,材料凝固后就得到相应的构件。💡 常用“put or pour something into a mould”表示把材料放入或倒入模具,也可说“a mould for bricks”。不要把 mould 只理解成制造工厂;它具体指承载材料并决定形状的工具。countable uncountablePour the chocolate into the mould and leave it to cool.把巧克力倒进模具里,放着冷却。
moulds
plural
noun
-
core 霉菌;霉📖 mould 是喜欢潮湿环境、会在食物或墙面等地方生长的霉菌;看到它,重点是“表面长出了霉”。💡 常用“mould on bread”或“bread covered with mould”,也常与“grow”搭配。描述食物时,不能只说它“脏”,因为 mould 特别指霉菌的生长。countable uncountableThere was green mould on the old cheese.那块旧奶酪上长了绿色的霉。
moulds
plural
noun
-
common 腐殖土;松软土壤📖 这里的 mould 指松软的土壤,尤其是由植物残体分解形成、适合植物生长的土。它和“霉菌”是不同的义项。💡 通常放在其他名词前组成词组,如“leaf mould”,也可用形容词修饰,如“rich mould”。它不是日常说的所有泥土,往往带有松软、肥沃的意味。The seedlings were planted in rich leaf mould.幼苗被种在肥沃的腐殖土里。
moulds
plural
noun
-
rare 头顶📖 这个少见义项把 mould 用来指人的头顶或头部,和“模具、霉菌”的核心概念没有直接联系。
moulds
plural
verb
-
core 塑造;使成形📖 动词 mould 就是“把东西塑成某种形状”,可以用模具,也可以通过压力、风等力量慢慢塑造。它和名词“模具”共享“固定形状”这条记忆线。💡 常用“mould A into B”表示把 A 塑造成 B,也可说“be moulded by + 力量或经历”。当主语是人时,要根据语境判断是实际塑形还是比喻性地塑造性格、生活方式。The wind has moulded the trees into strange shapes.风把这些树塑成了奇怪的形状。
moulds
present,singular,third-person
moulding
participle,present
moulded
participle,past
moulded
past
verb
-
common 使发霉📖 这里的 mould 表示使物品长霉或变得有霉,是从“霉菌”这个名词发展出的动词用法。重点是物品受到潮湿等影响后出现霉菌。💡 常用“mould food”或“food moulds”这样的结构,也可以说“become mouldy”。表示“自己长霉”时不要误用及物结构把食物写成主动使别的东西发霉。The damp weather moulded the bread in a few days.潮湿的天气让面包几天之内就发霉了。
moulds
present,singular,third-person
moulding
participle,present
moulded
participle,past
moulded
past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 11 组
make something, usually for a specific function; ; ;
同义词集:
shape
form
work
mold
mould
forge
She molded the rice balls carefully
Form cylinders from the dough
shape a figure
Work the metal into a sword
下位: beat, carve, cast, chip, coil, grind, hand-build, handbuild, hill, layer, machine, model, mold, mound, puddle, remold, reshape, sculpt, sculpture, stamp, swage, throw, upset
form by pouring (e.g., wax or hot metal) into a cast or mold
同义词集:
cast
mold
mould
cast a bronze sculpture
上位: forge, form, mold, shape, work
下位: press, press out, recast, remold, remould
form in clay, wax, etc
同义词集:
model
mold
mould
model a head with clay
上位: forge, form, mold, shape, work
container into which liquid is poured to create a given shape when it hardens
同义词集:
mold
mould
cast
上位: container
下位: form, matrix, pig, pig bed, sandbox
sculpture produced by molding
同义词集:
mold
mould
molding
moulding
modeling
clay sculpture
上位: sculpture
a distinctive nature, character, or type
同义词集:
mold
mould
a leader in the mold of her predecessors
上位: earmark, hallmark, stylemark, trademark
a dish or dessert that is formed in or on a mold;
同义词集:
mold
mould
a lobster mold
a gelatin dessert made in a mold
上位: afters, dessert, dish, sweet
a fungus that produces a superficial growth on various kinds of damp or decaying organic matter
同义词集:
mold
mould
上位: fungus
the process of becoming mildewed
同义词集:
mildew
mold
mould
上位: spoilage, spoiling
the distinctive form in which a thing is made
同义词集:
cast
mold
mould
stamp
pottery of this cast was found throughout the region
上位: solid
loose soil rich in organic matter
同义词集:
mold
mould
上位: dirt, soil
🌳 词源
不同义项有不同来源:表示模具和塑形的义项可追溯到拉丁语,表示霉菌和发霉的义项来自日耳曼语词源;姓氏 Mould 源自人名 Matilda 的中古英语形式。
From Middle English mowlde, noun use and alteration of mowled, past participle of moulen, mawlen (“to grow mouldy”), from Old Norse mygla (compare dialectal Danish mugle), from Proto-Germanic *muglōną, diminutive and denominative of *mukiz (“soft substance”) (compare Old Norse myki, mykr (“cow dung”)), from Proto-Indo-European *mewk- (“slick, soft”). More at muck and meek.
🔄 变式
moulded
past
moulding
present
Moulds
plural
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