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modest
★★★
🇺🇸 /mˈɑdʌst/
modest 是形容人不夸耀自己,也可表示程度不高、规模不大,或在穿着和言谈上端庄克制。
💡 记忆钩子
把 modest 想成“把自己和外在表现收得恰到好处”:人不炫耀,数量不夸张,举止和穿着也不过分招摇,于是从“不自夸”延伸到“适度、端庄”。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“不自夸”和“数量不大”这两个核心义项,再学习它表示穿着或言谈端庄的用法。
- 不要把 modest 只理解成“谦虚”;修饰数量、收入、房子等名词时,通常是“适度的、不大的”,不一定涉及人的性格。
📖 中文释义
adj
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core 谦逊的;不自夸的📖 形容人不夸耀自己的能力、成就或身份,表现得朴实而谦逊。💡 常用结构是 modest + 人或成就,也可说 be modest about + 事物。它通常是褒义,但有时也暗含某人低估了自己的成就。不要把“谦虚地接受赞美”误解为完全否认事实。Despite winning the award, she remained modest.尽管获了奖,她仍然很谦逊。He is modest about his achievements.他不爱夸耀自己的成就。
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core 不大的;适度的📖 形容数量、收入、规模或要求等不算大,但通常仍然够用或可以接受,带有“适中”的感觉。💡 常用结构是 a modest + 名词,如 a modest amount、a modest increase 或 a modest home。它不一定表示糟糕或不足,而是委婉地说规模有限。修饰收入时,通常表示收入不高,不表示收入者谦虚。He earns a modest amount of money.他赚的钱不多。The project produced modest results in its first year.这个项目第一年取得的成果有限。
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common 端庄克制的📖 形容穿着、言谈或思想不过分张扬,符合端庄和得体的标准。💡 常见搭配是 modest clothing、a modest dress、modest language 等,通常放在名词前。它强调避免过分暴露或招摇,具体标准会随文化和场合变化。不要把它简单理解成“质量低”或“朴素到寒酸”。She chose a modest dress for the formal ceremony.她为正式仪式选了一条端庄的裙子。
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rare 避免引起性吸引的📖 特指穿着、行为或表达方式有意避免引起他人的性吸引,属于较具体的端庄含义。💡 常用于讨论服装规范、宗教要求或社会习俗,通常修饰 clothing、dress 或 behavior。这个义项比一般的“端庄”更明确地涉及性吸引,使用时应根据语境保持中性。不要把所有 modest clothing 都理解为带有这种明确意图。especially
more modest
comparative
modester
comparative
most modest
superlative
modestest
superlative
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 7 组
relatively moderate, limited, or small; ; ;
同义词集:
minor
modest
small
small-scale
pocket-size
pocket-sized
a small business
a newspaper with a modest circulation
small-scale plans
a pocket-size country
近似: limited
not large but sufficient in size or amount; ;
同义词集:
modest
small
a modest salary
modest inflation
helped in my own small way
近似: moderate
not offensive to sexual mores in conduct or appearance
同义词集:
modest
a modest neckline in her dress covered her up to her collarbone
近似: coy, decent, demure, overmodest
参见: decent
marked by simplicity; having a humble opinion of yourself;
同义词集:
modest
a modest apartment
too modest to wear his medals
近似: retiring, unassuming
参见: humble
free from pomp or affectation; ;
同义词集:
modest
comfortable but modest cottages
a simple rectangular brick building
a simple man with simple tastes
humble in spirit or manner; suggesting retiring mildness or even cowed submissiveness
同义词集:
meek
mild
modest
meek and self-effacing
近似: humble
low or inferior in station or quality; ; ;
同义词集:
humble
low
lowly
modest
small
a humble cottage
a lowly parish priest
a modest man of the people
small beginnings
近似: inferior
🌳 词源
来自中古法语 modeste,最终源自拉丁语 modestus。
From Middle French modeste, from Latin modestus.
🔄 变式
modester
compar
modestest
superl
more modest
compar
most modest
superl
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